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getweather.py
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#coding=utf-8
import json
import urllib.request
import urllib.error
import time
import traceback
#模拟成浏览器
headers={"Accept":"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8",
"Accept-Encoding":"gbk,utf-8,gb2312",
"Accept-Language":"zh-CN,zh;q=0.8",
"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0(Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.87 Safari/537.36",
"Connection":"keep-alive"}
opener=urllib.request.build_opener()
headall=[]
for key,value in headers.items():
item=(key,value)
headall.append(item)
opener.addheaders=headall
#将opener安装为全局
urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
#构造数据，城市分别是北京、天津、石家庄、太原、济南、沈阳、呼和浩特、郑州
city_id = ['54511','54517','53698','53772','54823','54342','53463','57083']
def getcityid(city):
if city == 'beijing':
return city_id[0]
elif city == 'tianjin':
return city_id[1]
elif city == 'shijiazhuang':
return city_id[2]
elif city == 'taiyuan':
return city_id[3]
elif city == 'jinan':
return city_id[4]
elif city == 'shenyang':
return city_id[5]
elif city == 'huhehaote':
return city_id[6]
else:
return city_id[7]
def getweather(city):
try:
url = "http://www.nmc.cn/f/rest/real/"+getcityid(city)
stdout = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
weatherInfo = stdout.read().decode('utf-8')
jsonData = json.loads(weatherInfo)
weatherlist = []
# 读取JSON数据，添加到列表中
szDate = jsonData["publish_time"]
weatherlist.append(szDate)
szCity = jsonData["station"]["city"]
print("城市: "+str(szCity))
szWeather = jsonData["weather"]["info"]
weatherlist.append(szWeather)
szdirect = jsonData["wind"]["direct"]
weatherlist.append(szdirect)
szspeed = jsonData["wind"]["speed"]
weatherlist.append(szspeed)
szTemp = jsonData["weather"]["temperature"]
weatherlist.append(szTemp)
szhumidity = int(jsonData["weather"]["humidity"])
weatherlist.append(szhumidity)
print("数据更新时间，天气，风向，风速，实时温度，相对湿度：")
print(weatherlist)
writefiles_weather(city,weatherlist)
except urllib.error.URLError as e:
print("获取天气状况数据出现URLERROR！一分钟后重试……")
get_exception("获取天气状况数据异常", e)
if hasattr(e, "code"):
print(e.code)
if hasattr(e, "reason"):
print(e.reason)
time.sleep(60)
# 出现异常则过一段时间重新执行此部分
getweather(city)
except Exception as e:
print("获取天气状况数据出现EXCEPTION！十秒钟后重试……")
print("Exception：" + str(e))
get_exception("获取天气状况数据异常", e)
traceback.print_exc() # 获得错误行数
time.sleep(10)
# 出现异常则过一段时间重新执行此部分
getweather(city)
def writefiles_weather(filename,weatherlist):
try:
#将获取的数据写入文件中，数据分别为数据更新时间，天气，风向，风速（m/s），实时温度（℃），相对湿度（%）。
with open(".\data_weather\data_weather_"+filename+".txt","a",errors="ignore") as f:
for weather in weatherlist:
f.write(str(weather))
f.write(",")
f.write("\n")
print("该条天气数据已添加到文件中！")
except Exception as e:
print("天气状况数据写入文件函数出现异常！将跳过此部分……")
print("Exception："+str(e))
get_exception("天气状况数据写入文件异常", e)
traceback.print_exc() #获得错误行数
pass
def get_exception(string,e):
with open(".\Error.txt","a",errors="ignore") as f:
datetime=time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime(time.time()))
f.write(datetime+" 【"+string+"】"+str(e)+"\n")
print("异常信息已经写入文档！")
if __name__ == '__main__':
while(True):
print("==========开始工作==========")
getweather("beijing")
getweather("tianjin")
getweather("shijiazhuang")
getweather("taiyuan")
getweather("jinan")
getweather("shenyang")
getweather("huhehaote")
getweather("zhengzhou")
#休息一小时
print("【休息中……】")
print("\n")
time.sleep(3600)