diff --git a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/01_Sample_preparation.po b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/01_Sample_preparation.po index 08e1f7e79..e21895a9e 100644 --- a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/01_Sample_preparation.po +++ b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/01_Sample_preparation.po @@ -1,312 +1,338 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2023 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. -# FIRST AUTHOR , 2023. -# +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +# Translators: +# Beth Cimini, 2023 +# Haruhiko Morita, 2024 +# #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Python \n" +"Project-Id-Version: Python\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-05-19 07:07-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" -"Language: ja\n" -"Language-Team: ja \n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-02 18:49+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Haruhiko Morita, 2024\n" +"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/center-for-open-bioimage-analysis/teams/169123/ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Generated-By: Babel 2.12.1\n" +"Language: ja\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:1 msgid "Considerations for different sample types" -msgstr "" +msgstr "サンプルの種類の検討" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:3 msgid "" -"There are many different options for types of samples to image, and " -"advances in sample preparation techniques and imaging modalities are " -"continually enabling the imaging of more diverse and complex biological " -"specimens. As with many other aspects of experimental design, sample type" -" selection comes with tradeoffs. Samples that are amenable to simple " -"preparation and imaging tend to be small, thin, and relatively clear, " -"like a monolayer of cultured cells. Such samples have obvious advantages " -"and can be imaged in a high-throughput manner, but they're not suitable " -"for every biological question. Sometimes a thicker specimen, like an " -"organoid, or whole or sectioned tissue is needed, especially when the " -"biological question involves interactions between different types of " -"cells. Carefully consider what biological context is appropriate for your" -" question and what measurements you'd ultimately like to be able to make." -" Below, we summarize some common sample types" -msgstr "" - -#: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md +"There are many different options for types of samples to image, and advances" +" in sample preparation techniques and imaging modalities are continually " +"enabling the imaging of more diverse and complex biological specimens. As " +"with many other aspects of experimental design, sample type selection comes " +"with tradeoffs. Samples that are amenable to simple preparation and imaging " +"tend to be small, thin, and relatively clear, like a monolayer of cultured " +"cells. Such samples have obvious advantages and can be imaged in a high-" +"throughput manner, but they're not suitable for every biological question. " +"Sometimes a thicker specimen, like an organoid, or whole or sectioned tissue" +" is needed, especially when the biological question involves interactions " +"between different types of cells. Carefully consider what biological context" +" is appropriate for your question and what measurements you'd ultimately " +"like to be able to make. Below, we summarize some common sample types" +msgstr "" +"撮影する試料の種類には多くの選択肢があり、サンプル調製の技術や画像化モダリティの進歩により、さらに多様で複雑な生物学的試料のイメージングが可能になってきています。実験計画の他の多くの側面と同様、試料の種類の選択にはトレードオフがあります。簡便な調製とイメージングが可能な試料は、培養細胞の単層膜のように、小さく、薄く、比較的透明である傾向があります。このような試料はハイスループットでイメージングが可能であるという明らかな利点がありますが、すべての生物学的な疑問に適しているわけではありません。特に、異なる細胞種間の相互作用に関わる疑問をテーマにする場合は、オルガノイドのような厚みのある標本や、全組織や切片化された組織が必要になることがあります。どのような生物学的文脈が自分の疑問に適切で、最終的にどのような測定ができるようにしたいかを慎重に検討する必要があります。以下に一般的なサンプルの種類をまとめます。" + +#: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:0 msgid "🤔 What are my options?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🤔 どのような選択肢がありますか？" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:7 msgid "" -"Here we present some major categories for sample types. Note that there " -"are not hard boundaries between these different categories (e.g., both " -"cells and organoids can be cultured in 3D, many of these specimens can be" -" imaged live or after {term}`fixation`), but some general advantages and " -"disadvantages are summarized below." +"Here we present some major categories for sample types. Note that there are " +"not hard boundaries between these different categories (e.g., both cells and" +" organoids can be cultured in 3D, many of these specimens can be imaged live" +" or after {term}`fixation`), but some general advantages and disadvantages " +"are summarized below." msgstr "" +"ここでは試料のタイプについて、いくつかの主要なカテゴリーを紹介します。これらのカテゴリーの間には、厳密な境界があるわけではないことに注意してください。例えば、細胞もオルガノイドも3D培養が可能であり、これらの試料の多くは生きたまま" +" live 、または固定 fixation 後に画像化できます。以下では、一般的な利点と欠点をまとめます。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:11 msgid "**Cultured cells**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**培養細胞**" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:13 msgid "" -"Many different types of cells can be cultured, or grown in a dish. Cells " -"can be grown in a monoculture, with only one cell type, or in a co-" -"culture with multiple cell types." -msgstr "" +"Many different types of cells can be cultured, or grown in a dish. Cells can" +" be grown in a monoculture, with only one cell type, or in a co-culture with" +" multiple cell types." +msgstr "様々な種類の細胞が培養可能です。培養の方法として、一種類の細胞だけを培養する単培養と、複数の細胞種を同時に培養する共培養があります。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:15 #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:31 #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:49 #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:67 msgid "_Advantages_" -msgstr "" +msgstr "_利点_" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:17 msgid "" -"Cultured cells tend to be relatively simple to image and for many " -"questions can be imaged with widefield microscopy (see " +"Cultured cells tend to be relatively simple to image and for many questions " +"can be imaged with widefield microscopy (see " "[Acquisition](content/microscope_selection)), which is faster and more " "accessible than confocal or superresolution methods. Additionally, high-" "throughput microscopes integrated with robotics can enable automation of " "experiments and imaging with cultured cells." msgstr "" +"培養細胞は比較的簡単に撮影でき、多くのテーマでは、共焦点法や超解像法よりも迅速で利用しやすい広視野顕微鏡で撮影可能です（[Acquisition](content/microscope_selection)を参照）。さらに、ロボット工学と統合されたハイスループット顕微鏡を使えば、培養細胞を用いた実験やイメージングの自動化が可能です。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:19 msgid "" "Cells can be frozen, thawed, and grown much faster than work with more " "complex specimens like organoids or whole organisms, compressing the " "timeline to perform an experiment" -msgstr "" +msgstr "細胞の凍結、解凍、増殖は、オルガノイドや全生物のような複雑な試料を扱うよりもはるかに速く行えるため、実験に要する時間が短縮できます。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:21 #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:37 #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:55 #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:71 msgid "_Disadvantages_" -msgstr "" +msgstr "_欠点_" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:23 msgid "" -"Most applications in microscopy require imaging through a glass coverslip" -" of a specific thickness and tolerance. However, many cell types do not " -"survive or cannot grow on glass and require additional coatings and " -"manipulations of the coverslip to ensure the health of the sample. As an " -"alternative some companies manufacture imaging chambers (multi well " -"plates, 35 mm dishes…) with proprietary polymers that have similar " -"properties to glass (optical polymers), thus enabling high resolution " -"imaging. It is imperative to understand whether the immersion oil used " -"during imaging affects the integrity of these polymers, as the solvents " -"in some immersion media can crack or dissolve the polymer layer." +"Most applications in microscopy require imaging through a glass coverslip of" +" a specific thickness and tolerance. However, many cell types do not survive" +" or cannot grow on glass and require additional coatings and manipulations " +"of the coverslip to ensure the health of the sample. As an alternative some " +"companies manufacture imaging chambers (multi well plates, 35 mm dishes…) " +"with proprietary polymers that have similar properties to glass (optical " +"polymers), thus enabling high resolution imaging. It is imperative to " +"understand whether the immersion oil used during imaging affects the " +"integrity of these polymers, as the solvents in some immersion media can " +"crack or dissolve the polymer layer." msgstr "" +"顕微鏡のほとんどの用途では、特定の厚みと公差のガラスカバースリップを通したイメージングが必要である。しかし、多くの種類の細胞はガラス上では生存できないか、増殖できないため、サンプルの健全性を確保するために、追加のコーティングやカバースリップの操作が必要となる。代替案として、ガラスに似た性質を持つ独自のポリマー（光学ポリマー）を使用したイメージングチャンバー（マルチウェルプレート、35mmディッシュ...）を製造している企業もあり、高解像度イメージングを可能にしている。イメージング時に使用される浸漬オイルが、これらのポリマーの完全性に影響を与えるかどうかを理解することが不可欠である。浸漬媒体に含まれる溶媒によっては、ポリマー層に亀裂が入ったり、溶解したりすることがあるからである。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:27 msgid "**Organoids**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**オルガノイド" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:29 msgid "" -"Organoids are cultured cells that are grown in 3D to mimic the structure " -"and sometimes functions of organs. Organoids are typically grown from " -"stem cells that self-organize into a more complex structure, including " +"Organoids are cultured cells that are grown in 3D to mimic the structure and" +" sometimes functions of organs. Organoids are typically grown from stem " +"cells that self-organize into a more complex structure, including " "differentiating into different cell types. Organoids are well suited to " -"questions of development, modeling disease, and for understanding tissue " -"and organ regeneration." +"questions of development, modeling disease, and for understanding tissue and" +" organ regeneration." msgstr "" +"オルガノイドとは、臓器の構造や機能を模倣するために3次元的に培養された細胞のことである。オルガノイドは通常、幹細胞から培養され、自己組織化し、異なる細胞型に分化するなど、より複雑な構造を持つようになる。オルガノイドは、発生の問題、疾患のモデル化、組織や臓器の再生の理解に適している。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:33 msgid "" -"Because organoids contain multiple cell types and reflect some structure " -"and cell relationships seen in organs _in vivo_, they are well-suited to " -"more complex questions about disease and cell-cell interactions. They can" -" also be used to model processes and structures that are necessarily 3D " -"and not recapitulated well in a flat layer of cells, like many " -"developmental processes." +"Because organoids contain multiple cell types and reflect some structure and" +" cell relationships seen in organs _in vivo_, they are well-suited to more " +"complex questions about disease and cell-cell interactions. They can also be" +" used to model processes and structures that are necessarily 3D and not " +"recapitulated well in a flat layer of cells, like many developmental " +"processes." msgstr "" +"オルガノイドは複数の細胞種を含み、生体内の臓器で見られる構造や細胞の関係をある程度反映しているため、疾患や細胞間相互作用に関するより複雑な問題に適している。また、多くの発生過程のように、平坦な細胞層ではうまく再現できない、必然的に3次元的なプロセスや構造のモデル化にも利用できる。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:35 msgid "" -"Organoids can be made from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from " -"human or animal samples, and thus can model disease processes specific to" -" a given human donor." +"Organoids can be made from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from human" +" or animal samples, and thus can model disease processes specific to a given" +" human donor." msgstr "" +"オルガノイドは、ヒトや動物のサンプルから採取した人工多能性幹細胞（iPS細胞）から作ることができるため、特定のヒトドナーに特異的な疾患プロセスをモデル化することができる。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:39 msgid "" -"Organoids can take more complex resources and protocols to grow and can " -"take more time than just growing cultured cells on glass or plastic." -msgstr "" +"Organoids can take more complex resources and protocols to grow and can take" +" more time than just growing cultured cells on glass or plastic." +msgstr "オルガノイドを培養するには、より複雑なリソースとプロトコルが必要で、ガラスやプラスチックの上で培養細胞を育てるよりも時間がかかる。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:41 msgid "" "Because organoids are 3D structures, they often are not amenable to " -"widefield imaging and may require spinning disk or point-scanning " -"confocal microscopy." +"widefield imaging and may require spinning disk or point-scanning confocal " +"microscopy." msgstr "" +"オルガノイドは3次元構造であるため、ワイドフィールドイメージングができないことが多く、スピニングディスク顕微鏡やポイントスキャン共焦点顕微鏡が必要になることがある。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:45 msgid "**Tissue**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**組織" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:47 msgid "" -"Tissues are formed when cells act together to perform a specific " -"function. Tissues can be cultured by taking a piece of an animal or plant" -" and allowing it to continue to survive and grow in a dish. Tissues can " -"also be harvested from plants or animals and stained for the presence of " -"different molecules. Tissues are typically cut into pieces (aka " -"{term}`tissue sectioning`), and can be fixed, fresh, or frozen, or even " -"alive in {term}`ex-vivo imaging`." +"Tissues are formed when cells act together to perform a specific function. " +"Tissues can be cultured by taking a piece of an animal or plant and allowing" +" it to continue to survive and grow in a dish. Tissues can also be harvested" +" from plants or animals and stained for the presence of different molecules." +" Tissues are typically cut into pieces (aka {term}`tissue sectioning`), and " +"can be fixed, fresh, or frozen, or even alive in {term}`ex-vivo imaging`." msgstr "" +"組織が形成されるのは、細胞が特定の機能を果たすために一緒に働くときである。組織は、動物や植物の一部を採取し、それを皿の中で生存・成長させ続けることによって培養することができる。また、動植物から組織を採取し、さまざまな分子の存在を染色することもできる。組織は通常、切り刻まれ（別名{term}`組織切片化`）、固定されたり、新鮮なまま、あるいは凍結されたり、あるいは{term}`生体外イメージング`で生かされたりする。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:51 msgid "" "Tissues have more intact cell-cell interactions that are generally more " "representative of what happens _in vivo_ than in cell culture." -msgstr "" +msgstr "組織には細胞間相互作用がより無傷に保たれており、一般に細胞培養よりも生体内で起こることをよりよく表している。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:53 msgid "" -"Repositories of donated human tissues enable biomedical research to study" -" a diverse sample of patients with a particular disease." -msgstr "" +"Repositories of donated human tissues enable biomedical research to study a " +"diverse sample of patients with a particular disease." +msgstr "寄贈された人体組織の保存施設は、生物医学研究が特定の疾患を持つ患者の多様なサンプルを研究することを可能にする。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:57 msgid "" "Primary cells and tissues tend to be sensitive to environment than " -"immortalized cell lines and can be more difficult to grow and may require" -" specialized protocols depending on cell type." +"immortalized cell lines and can be more difficult to grow and may require " +"specialized protocols depending on cell type." msgstr "" +"プライマリー細胞や組織は、不死化細胞株よりも環境に敏感な傾向があり、増殖が難しく、細胞の種類によっては特殊なプロトコルが必要になることもある。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:59 msgid "" "Tissues harvested from a whole animal or plant require time for the " "development and growth of that specimen before harvesting." -msgstr "" +msgstr "動物や植物全体から採取された組織は、採取前にその標本の発育・成長のための時間を必要とする。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:63 msgid "**Whole organism / embryo**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**生物全体／胚" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:65 msgid "" -"Some whole organisms are thin and transparent enough to image. Some " -"animals also have near-transparent embryonic stages, like the zebrafish. " +"Some whole organisms are thin and transparent enough to image. Some animals " +"also have near-transparent embryonic stages, like the zebrafish. " "Additionally, {term}`intravital imaging` is the imaging of cellular " "structures or biological processes inside a live animal in real time, " -"without extracting the organs or fixing the sample. In general, it " -"requires specific instrumentation or modalities with improved light " -"penetration, such as multiphoton microscopy and is limited to the ability" -" to access the specific organ, often through optical windows." +"without extracting the organs or fixing the sample. In general, it requires " +"specific instrumentation or modalities with improved light penetration, such" +" as multiphoton microscopy and is limited to the ability to access the " +"specific organ, often through optical windows." msgstr "" +"生物全体が画像化できるほど薄く透明なものもある。また、ゼブラフィッシュのように胚の段階が透明に近い動物もいる。さらに、{term}`イントラビタルイメージング`とは、臓器を取り出したりサンプルを固定したりすることなく、生きた動物内部の細胞構造や生物学的プロセスをリアルタイムでイメージングすることである。一般的には、多光子顕微鏡のような光の透過性を向上させた特定の装置やモダリティを必要とし、特定の臓器にアクセスする能力に制限される。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:69 msgid "" "Imaging whole organisms or embyros provides the most possible intact " "biological context when studying a particular process or structure." -msgstr "" +msgstr "生物全体や胚を画像化することは、特定のプロセスや構造を研究する際に、可能な限りそのままの生物学的状況を提供する。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:73 msgid "" "Imaging of thicker specimens may require processing ({term}`tissue " -"clearing`) of the sample to make its {term}`refractive index` match that " -"of the imaging media and reduce absorption and scattering of light." +"clearing`) of the sample to make its {term}`refractive index` match that of " +"the imaging media and reduce absorption and scattering of light." msgstr "" +"厚い試料のイメージングには、{term}`屈折率`をイメージング媒体の屈折率に一致させ、光の吸収や散乱を減らすために、試料の処理（{term}`組織クリアリング`）が必要になる場合がある。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:75 msgid "" "Intravital imaging often requires specific surgical techniques and is " -"overseen by bioethical committees and needs to be approved by IACUC " -"and/or other institutional committees." +"overseen by bioethical committees and needs to be approved by IACUC and/or " +"other institutional committees." msgstr "" +"イントラビタルイメージングはしばしば特殊な手術手技を必要とし、生命倫理委員会の監督を受け、IACUCおよび/または他の施設委員会の承認を得る必要がある。" -#: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md +#: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:0 msgid "⚠️ Where can things go wrong?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "⚠️ どこでうまくいかなくなるのか？" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:80 msgid "" -"**Photobleaching and phototoxicity** - Photobleaching can be defined as " -"the irreversible destruction of a fluorophore in its excited state, " -"meaning, that fluorophore will not be able to emit more light and the " -"fluorescence signal will therefore degrade over time, affecting signal to" -" noise ratio and intensity measurements. In order to minimize " -"photobleaching during acquisition, there are a number of photobleaching " -"reagent agents that can be added to the media. These agents minimize " -"photobleaching of fluorophores to a different extent, and therefore it is" -" important to contact the manufacturer to ensure they are optimal for the" -" specific fluorophore. For example addition of oxygen scavengers to the " -"imaging media such as glucose oxidase or pyranose 2-oxidase can " -"significantly reduce photobleaching. It is important to understand that " -"the use of {term}`oxygen scavengers` may affect live cell imaging, as " -"these scavengers can affect the ATP and oxygen levels within the sample, " -"compromising its health and therefore biological function." -msgstr "" +"**Photobleaching and phototoxicity** - Photobleaching can be defined as the " +"irreversible destruction of a fluorophore in its excited state, meaning, " +"that fluorophore will not be able to emit more light and the fluorescence " +"signal will therefore degrade over time, affecting signal to noise ratio and" +" intensity measurements. In order to minimize photobleaching during " +"acquisition, there are a number of photobleaching reagent agents that can be" +" added to the media. These agents minimize photobleaching of fluorophores to" +" a different extent, and therefore it is important to contact the " +"manufacturer to ensure they are optimal for the specific fluorophore. For " +"example addition of oxygen scavengers to the imaging media such as glucose " +"oxidase or pyranose 2-oxidase can significantly reduce photobleaching. It is" +" important to understand that the use of {term}`oxygen scavengers` may " +"affect live cell imaging, as these scavengers can affect the ATP and oxygen " +"levels within the sample, compromising its health and therefore biological " +"function." +msgstr "" +"**フォ トブリーチングと光毒性** - フォ トブリーチングとは、励起状態のフルオロフォアが不可逆 " +"的に破壊されることと定義される。取得中の光退色を最小限に抑えるために、培地に添加できる光退色試薬が数多くある。これらの試薬はフルオロフォアのフォトブリーチングを最小化する程度が異なるため、特定のフルオロフォアに最適であることを確認するためにメーカーに問い合わせることが重要である。例えば、グルコースオキシダーゼやピラノース" +" 2-オキシダーゼのような酸素捕捉剤をイメージング用メディ アに添加すると、光退色を著しく減少させることができる。{term}`酸素捕捉剤` " +"の使用は、ライブセルイメージングに影 響を与える可能性があることを理解することが重要で ある。なぜなら、これらの捕捉剤はサンプル内の " +"ATPや酸素レベルに影響を与え、サンプルの健康状態、ひ いては生物学的機能を損なう可能性があるからで ある。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:82 msgid "" -"**Cells are dying** - Fluorescent light induces DNA damage and oxidation " -"of cellular components (phototoxicity). In addition, fluorophore " -"photobleaching can further induce phototoxicity by creating reactive " -"oxygen species (ROS). The addition of antioxidants and removal of certain" -" molecules (e.g., riboflavin) from the imaging media can reduce the ROS " -"produced during imaging, improving the health of the " -"sample.{cite}`Stockley2017`" +"**Cells are dying** - Fluorescent light induces DNA damage and oxidation of " +"cellular components (phototoxicity). In addition, fluorophore photobleaching" +" can further induce phototoxicity by creating reactive oxygen species (ROS)." +" The addition of antioxidants and removal of certain molecules (e.g., " +"riboflavin) from the imaging media can reduce the ROS produced during " +"imaging, improving the health of the sample.{cite}`Stockley2017`" msgstr "" +"**蛍光光はDNA損傷と細胞成分の酸化（光毒性）を誘発する。さらに、蛍光色素のフォトブリーチングは、 活性酸素種（ROS）を発生させ、光毒性をさらに " +"誘発する。抗酸化剤を添加したり、イメージングメディアから特定の分子（例えばリボフラビン）を除去することで、イメージング中に生成される活性酸素を減少させ、サンプルの健康状態を改善することができる。{cite}`Stockley2017`" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:85 msgid "" "**My fixed cells don't looked as expected** - Fixation can change the " -"localization and fluorescence of different proteins. Where possible, " -"always compare the distribution of a protein or molecule of interest with" -" and without fixation. Also consider whether a different {term}`fixation`" -" method may be more appropriate for your specimen." +"localization and fluorescence of different proteins. Where possible, always " +"compare the distribution of a protein or molecule of interest with and " +"without fixation. Also consider whether a different {term}`fixation` method " +"may be more appropriate for your specimen." msgstr "" +"**固定した細胞が期待通りに見えません。可能であれば、目的のタンパク質や分子を固定した場合と固定しない場合の分布を常に比較してください。また、{term}`fixation`" +" の方法が検体に適しているかどうかも検討してください。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:88 msgid "" -"**My sample is too opaque** - Thicker specimens, like thick tissue " -"sections, pigmented cells, or whole organisms can be challenging to image" -" due to light absorption and scattering induced by the inhomogeneities in" -" {term}`refractive index` within the tissue itself, resulting in poor " -"light penetration. To facilitate imaging of tissues, researchers often " -"cut thick tissues into slices of different thicknesses. This process is " -"called tissue sectioning. In most cases the samples are fixed and " -"embedded in paraffin or frozen in tissue freezing medium and later cut " -"into thin slices by a machine like a cryostat, microtome, or vibratome " -"and sections collected into a tube or onto a slide. Alternatively, most " -"components in any complex biological system such as an organ are not " -"contained within this two-dimensional volume, and therefore, this " -"approach compromises the understanding of the spatial relationships among" -" cellular components. Tissue clearing focused on reducing the " -"inhomogeneities in the tissue by equilibrating the {term}`refractive " -"index` throughout the sample. This allows light to pass through the " -"tissue and therefore enables high resolution, volumetric imaging of whole" -" organs and tissues using conventional microscopy techniques such as " -"confocal microscopy without the need to physically section the sample." -msgstr "" - -#: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md +"**My sample is too opaque** - Thicker specimens, like thick tissue sections," +" pigmented cells, or whole organisms can be challenging to image due to " +"light absorption and scattering induced by the inhomogeneities in " +"{term}`refractive index` within the tissue itself, resulting in poor light " +"penetration. To facilitate imaging of tissues, researchers often cut thick " +"tissues into slices of different thicknesses. This process is called tissue " +"sectioning. In most cases the samples are fixed and embedded in paraffin or " +"frozen in tissue freezing medium and later cut into thin slices by a machine" +" like a cryostat, microtome, or vibratome and sections collected into a tube" +" or onto a slide. Alternatively, most components in any complex biological " +"system such as an organ are not contained within this two-dimensional " +"volume, and therefore, this approach compromises the understanding of the " +"spatial relationships among cellular components. Tissue clearing focused on " +"reducing the inhomogeneities in the tissue by equilibrating the " +"{term}`refractive index` throughout the sample. This allows light to pass " +"through the tissue and therefore enables high resolution, volumetric imaging" +" of whole organs and tissues using conventional microscopy techniques such " +"as confocal microscopy without the need to physically section the sample." +msgstr "" +"**厚い組織切片、色素沈着した細胞、あるいは生物全体のような厚い試料は、{term}`屈折率`の不均一性によって引き起こされる光の吸収や散乱のため、光の透過性が悪くなり、画像化が困難になることがあります。組織のイメージングを容易にするために、研究者はしばしば厚い組織を異なる厚さのスライスに切断する。このプロセスを組織切片化と呼ぶ。ほとんどの場合、サンプルは固定され、パラフィンに包埋されるか、組織凍結培地で凍結され、その後、クライオスタット、ミクロトーム、ビブラトームなどの機械で薄切りにされ、切片はチューブやスライドに集められる。あるいは、臓器のような複雑な生物学的システムのほとんどの構成要素は、この二次元の体積の中には含まれないため、この方法では細胞構成要素間の空間的関係の理解が損なわれる。組織クリアリングは、{term}`屈折率`" +" " +"をサンプル全体で平衡化することによって、組織内の不均一性を減らすことに焦点を当てた。これによって光が組織を透過するようになり、サンプルを物理的に切片化することなく、共焦点顕微鏡のような従来の顕微鏡技術を用いた、臓器や組織全体の高解像度、体積イメージングが可能になる。" + +#: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:0 msgid "📚🤷‍♀️ Where can I learn more?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "📚🤷‍♀️ もっと詳しく知りたいのですが？" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:94 -#, python-format msgid "" "📄 [Organoids " "Primer](https://www.nature.com/articles/s43586-022-00174-y#:~:text=An%20organoid%20is%20a%20self,%2C9%2C10%2C11.)" " {cite}`Zhao2022-rm`" msgstr "" +"オルガノイド入門](https://www.nature.com/articles/s43586-022-00174-y#:~:text=An%20organoid%20is%20a%20s" +" elf,%2C9%2C10%2C11.){cite}`Zhao2022-rm`" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:95 msgid "" @@ -314,65 +340,70 @@ msgid "" "microscopy](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-020-0313-9) " "{cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`" msgstr "" +"チュートリアル：定量的共焦点顕微鏡のためのガイダンス](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-020-0313-9){cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Considerations.md:96 msgid "" -"📄 [Hypothesis-driven quantitative fluorescence microscopy - the " -"importance of reverse-thinking in experimental " +"📄 [Hypothesis-driven quantitative fluorescence microscopy - the importance " +"of reverse-thinking in experimental " "design](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33154172/) {cite}`Wait2020-gq`" msgstr "" +"📄 [仮説駆動型定量蛍光顕微鏡-" +"実験デザインにおける逆思考の重要性](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33154172/){cite}`Wait2020-gq`" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:1 msgid "Experimental design decisions" -msgstr "" +msgstr "実験デザインの決定" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:3 msgid "" -"A number of critical decisions must be made when designing a quantitative" -" bioimaging experiment. Many of these decisions will be deeply dependent " -"on what is possible given the biology you wish to study, for example:" +"A number of critical decisions must be made when designing a quantitative " +"bioimaging experiment. Many of these decisions will be deeply dependent on " +"what is possible given the biology you wish to study, for example:" msgstr "" +"定量的バイオイメージング実験をデザインする際には、多くの重要な決定を下さなければならない。これらの決定事項の多くは、例えば研究したい生物学から何が可能であるかに深く依存する：" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:4 msgid "" -"You will always prefer live imaging to fixed imaging if it is important " -"to assess the dynamics of a given process" -msgstr "" +"You will always prefer live imaging to fixed imaging if it is important to " +"assess the dynamics of a given process" +msgstr "あるプロセスのダイナミクスを評価することが重要であれば、固定画像よりもライブ画像の方が常に望ましい。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:5 msgid "" -"You may need to perform special processes such as tissue clearing if it " -"is important to image deep into a relatively opaque specimen" -msgstr "" +"You may need to perform special processes such as tissue clearing if it is " +"important to image deep into a relatively opaque specimen" +msgstr "比較的不透明な被検体の奥深くまで撮影することが重要な場合、組織清拭などの特別な処理が必要になることがあります。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:6 msgid "" -"You cannot rely on genetic tagging with fluorescent proteins if your " -"model system is not genetically tractable to such manipulations" -msgstr "" +"You cannot rely on genetic tagging with fluorescent proteins if your model " +"system is not genetically tractable to such manipulations" +msgstr "モデル系がそのような操作に対して遺伝的に扱いにくければ、蛍光タンパク質による遺伝的タグ付けに頼ることはできない。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:7 msgid "" -"You have to image at a particularly high resolution to confidently assess" -" interactions between two molecules imaged in the same system" -msgstr "" +"You have to image at a particularly high resolution to confidently assess " +"interactions between two molecules imaged in the same system" +msgstr "同じ系で撮像された2つの分子間の相互作用を確信を持って評価するには、特に高い解像度で撮像する必要がある。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:9 msgid "" "It is therefore _**extremely**_ important to think through all of the " -"aspects of your biological question before ever picking up a pipette or a" -" slide. Many sample preparation decisions are deeply entwined with the " +"aspects of your biological question before ever picking up a pipette or a " +"slide. Many sample preparation decisions are deeply entwined with the " "availability and suitability of particular microscopes; see [that " "section](content/microscope_selection) for more information." msgstr "" +"したがって、ピペットやスライドを手に取る前に、生物学的な疑問のすべての側面を考え抜くことが非常に重要です。多くのサンプル調製の決定は、特定の顕微鏡の利用可能性や適合性と深く関わっています。詳細は[そのセクション](content/microscope_selection)を参照してください。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:11 msgid "Mounting" -msgstr "" +msgstr "取り付け" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:13 msgid "Glass coverslips" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ガラス製カバースリップ" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:15 msgid "" @@ -380,276 +411,289 @@ msgid "" "directly or using a coverslip mounted into a dish. While there is a wide " "range of coverslip sizes and shapes, the most important attribute is the " "coverslip thickness. Coverslip grade dictates the expected thickness and " -"tolerance. These factors are important because most microscope " -"manufacturers assume a specific coverslip thickness (0.17mm) in the " -"design of objective lenses to minimize aberrations. These aberrations " -"tend to affect the brightness and axial resolution, reducing signal to " -"noise ratio, sharpness, and resolution. The tolerance of the coverslip " -"(to minimize the variability in thickness) is essential for super-" -"resolution techniques or intensity measurements in images collected with " -"high numerical aperture objectives. Other applications do not require the" -" mounting of samples onto glass or plastic but instead have the sample " -"and the objective lens immersed in the same medium." -msgstr "" +"tolerance. These factors are important because most microscope manufacturers" +" assume a specific coverslip thickness (0.17mm) in the design of objective " +"lenses to minimize aberrations. These aberrations tend to affect the " +"brightness and axial resolution, reducing signal to noise ratio, sharpness, " +"and resolution. The tolerance of the coverslip (to minimize the variability " +"in thickness) is essential for super-resolution techniques or intensity " +"measurements in images collected with high numerical aperture objectives. " +"Other applications do not require the mounting of samples onto glass or " +"plastic but instead have the sample and the objective lens immersed in the " +"same medium." +msgstr "" +"多くのイメージング・アプリケーションでは、ガラス製カバースリップに直接、またはディッシュにマウントしたカバースリップを使用してマウントします。カバースリップのサイズや形状には幅広い種類がありますが、最も重要な特性はカバースリップの厚さです。カバースリップのグレードによって、予想される厚さと許容誤差が決まります。ほとんどの顕微鏡メーカーは、収差を最小限に抑えるために、対物レンズの設計において特定のカバースリップの厚さ（0.17mm）を想定しているため、これらの要素は重要です。これらの収差は明るさと軸方向の解像度に影響を与え、S/N比、シャープネス、解像度を低下させる傾向があります。カバースリップの公差（厚さのばらつきを最小限に抑える）は、超解像技術や高開口数対物レンズで収集した画像の強度測定には不可欠です。その他のアプリケーションでは、ガラスやプラスチックにサンプルをマウントする必要はありませんが、その代わりにサンプルと対物レンズを同じ媒体に浸す必要があります。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:17 msgid "Comparison of coverslip grades" -msgstr "" +msgstr "カバースリップのグレード比較" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:21 msgid "Grade" -msgstr "" +msgstr "グレード" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:22 msgid "Nominal thickness [mm]" -msgstr "" +msgstr "公称厚さ [mm］" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:23 msgid "Thickness range [mm]" -msgstr "" +msgstr "厚さ範囲 [mm］" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:24 msgid "#1.5" -msgstr "" +msgstr "#1.5" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:25 #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:28 msgid "0.17" -msgstr "" +msgstr "0.17" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:26 msgid "0.16 - 0.19" -msgstr "" +msgstr "0.16 - 0.19" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:27 msgid "#1.5H" -msgstr "" +msgstr "#1.5H" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:29 msgid "0.165 - 0.175" -msgstr "" +msgstr "0.165 - 0.175" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:32 msgid "Mounting media" -msgstr "" +msgstr "マウントメディア" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:34 msgid "" "The {term}`refractive index` the sample is placed in, as well as the " -"refractive index of the glass and the medium between the objective and " -"the sample are all critical to determining the achievable resolution. The" -" {term}`mounting media` can have other important optical and/or " -"experimental properties; it is important to use the correct mounting " -"media for experiment planned." +"refractive index of the glass and the medium between the objective and the " +"sample are all critical to determining the achievable resolution. The " +"{term}`mounting media` can have other important optical and/or experimental " +"properties; it is important to use the correct mounting media for experiment" +" planned." msgstr "" +"{term} 対物レンズと試料の間の媒質やガラスの屈折率だけでなく、試料が置かれる `屈折率` " +"も、達成可能な解像度を決定するために重要です。{term}`マウントメディア`は、その他の重要な光学的特性や実験的特性を持つことがあります。計画された実験に適したマウントメディアを使用することが重要です。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:43 msgid "effects of mounting media" -msgstr "" +msgstr "マウントメディアの効果" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:43 msgid "" -"**Effects of mounting media on staining with various fluorophores**. " -"Adapted from Jonkman J., Brown C.M., Wright G.D _et al_. Tutorial: " -"guidance for quantitative confocal microscopy. _Nat Prot_ **15**, (2020) " +"**Effects of mounting media on staining with various fluorophores**. Adapted" +" from Jonkman J., Brown C.M., Wright G.D _et al_. Tutorial: guidance for " +"quantitative confocal microscopy. _Nat Prot_ **15**, (2020) " "{cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`" msgstr "" +"**様々な蛍光色素による染色に対するマウントメディアの影響**。Jonkman J., Brown C.M., Wright G.D _et al_. " +"から引用。チュートリアル：定量的共焦点顕微鏡法のガイダンス。Nat Prot_ **15**, " +"(2020){cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`." #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:46 msgid "Fluorophore selection" -msgstr "" +msgstr "蛍光体の選択" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:48 msgid "" -"Fluorophores are molecules that are able to emit light upon absorption of" -" a photon, typically of shorter wavelength. The fluorophores relevant to " -"biomedical research can be small molecules organic dyes (FITC, Alexa " -"Fluor 488) that bind specific cell structure (e.g., DAPI, MitoTracker), " +"Fluorophores are molecules that are able to emit light upon absorption of a " +"photon, typically of shorter wavelength. The fluorophores relevant to " +"biomedical research can be small molecules organic dyes (FITC, Alexa Fluor " +"488) that bind specific cell structure (e.g., DAPI, MitoTracker), " "fluorescent analogues of small molecules (e.g., phalloidin, fluorescent " -"amino acids) or fluorescent proteins. Some of the important properties to" -" consider when choosing fluorophores are listed below:" +"amino acids) or fluorescent proteins. Some of the important properties to " +"consider when choosing fluorophores are listed below:" msgstr "" +"フルオロフォアは、光子を吸収すると発光する分子で、通常は短波長である。バイオメディカル研究に関連するフルオロフォアは、特定の細胞構造に結合する低分子の有機色素（FITC、Alexa" +" Fluor " +"488）（例：DAPI、MitoTracker）、低分子の蛍光類似体（例：ファロイジン、蛍光アミノ酸）、または蛍光タンパク質である。蛍光色素を選択する際に考慮すべき重要な特性を以下に挙げる：" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:50 msgid "Excitation/emission spectra of each fluorophore" -msgstr "" +msgstr "各蛍光体の励起／発光スペクトル" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:51 msgid "Brightness (dyes tend to be brighter than proteins)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "明るさ（染料はタンパク質より明るい傾向がある）" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:52 msgid "Photostability" -msgstr "" +msgstr "光安定性" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:53 msgid "Propensity to oligomerize (in the case of fluorescent proteins)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "オリゴマー化傾向（蛍光タンパク質の場合）" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:54 msgid "Phototoxicity (when imaging in live samples)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "光毒性（生きたサンプルでイメージングする場合）" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Experimental_design.md:56 msgid "" "Understanding fluorophores, microscope specifications (light source, " -"filters, detector), and analysis goals are key in selecting the " -"appropriate fluorophore(s) to address a scientific question. See the " -"section on [reproducibility](content/reproducibility) for more " -"information." +"filters, detector), and analysis goals are key in selecting the appropriate " +"fluorophore(s) to address a scientific question. See the section on " +"[reproducibility](content/reproducibility) for more information." msgstr "" +"フルオロフォア、顕微鏡の仕様（光源、フィルター、検出器）、分析目標を理解することは、科学的疑問に取り組むために適切なフルオロフォアを選択するための鍵となる。詳しくは[再現性](内容/再現性)のセクションを参照。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Introduction.md:1 msgid "Introduction" -msgstr "" +msgstr "はじめに" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Introduction.md:3 msgid "" -"A good image starts at the bench. The best performing instrument will not" -" produce rigorous, reproducible or high quality data unless sample " +"A good image starts at the bench. The best performing instrument will not " +"produce rigorous, reproducible or high quality data unless sample " "preparation has been optimized. To design a rigorous and reproducible " -"microscopy experiment, it is critical to identify the goal of the " -"experiment and understand the factors that impact the image. This " -"information informs researchers about how to prepare the sample, what " -"minimal controls and corrections are needed, how to choose the " -"appropriate instrumentation, optimize acquisition, analyze and present " -"microscopy data." +"microscopy experiment, it is critical to identify the goal of the experiment" +" and understand the factors that impact the image. This information informs " +"researchers about how to prepare the sample, what minimal controls and " +"corrections are needed, how to choose the appropriate instrumentation, " +"optimize acquisition, analyze and present microscopy data." msgstr "" +"良い画像はベンチから始まります。どんなに性能の良い装置でも、サンプルの準備が最適化されていなければ、厳密で再現性のある高品質のデータは得られません。厳密で再現性のある顕微鏡実験をデザインするためには、実験の目的を明確にし、画像に影響を与える要因を理解することが重要です。これらの情報から研究者は、どのようにサンプルを調製するか、どのようなコントロールと補正が最小限必要か、どのように適切な装置を選択するか、どのように顕微鏡データの取得を最適化し、分析し、発表すれば良いのかを知ることができます。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Introduction.md:5 msgid "" "Here we will discuss some of the key choices you will make during sample " -"preparation, including selecting your sample type and fluorophore (if " -"you're performing fluorescence microscopy). We also discuss some minimal " -"controls necessary for interpreting your results." +"preparation, including selecting your sample type and fluorophore (if you're" +" performing fluorescence microscopy). We also discuss some minimal controls " +"necessary for interpreting your results." msgstr "" +"ここでは、サンプルの種類や蛍光色素（蛍光顕微鏡を使用する場合）の選択など、サンプル調製時に行う重要な選択について説明します。また、結果の解釈に必要な最小限のコントロールについても説明します。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Reproducibility.md:1 msgid "Reproducibility" -msgstr "" +msgstr "再現性" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Reproducibility.md:5 msgid "" "A number of factors are critical in designing a reproducible microscopy " -"experiment. A few critical factors are laid out here; see other works " -"such as {cite}`Jost2019-nx`" -msgstr "" +"experiment. A few critical factors are laid out here; see other works such " +"as {cite}`Jost2019-nx`" +msgstr "再現性のある顕微鏡実験をデザインするためには、多くの要素が重要である。{cite}`Jost2019-nx` などの著作を参照されたい。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Reproducibility.md:7 msgid "Antibody validation" -msgstr "" +msgstr "抗体のバリデーション" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Reproducibility.md:9 msgid "" "While in a perfect world, antibodies would always be specific to a " "particular target, unfortunately, this cannot always be relied upon when " -"performing {term}`immunolabeling`. {cite}`Uhlen2016-wy` When possible, " -"one should perform knockout and/or knockdown controls to confirm antibody" -" specificity; where not, look for availability of another antibody to a " -"different part of the target molecule (sometimes called the _epitope_) " -"and confirm you get consistent localization." +"performing {term}`immunolabeling`. {cite}`Uhlen2016-wy` When possible, one " +"should perform knockout and/or knockdown controls to confirm antibody " +"specificity; where not, look for availability of another antibody to a " +"different part of the target molecule (sometimes called the _epitope_) and " +"confirm you get consistent localization." msgstr "" +"完璧な世界であれば、抗体は常に特定の標的に特異的であるはずだが、残念ながら、{term}`immunolabeling` " +"を行う際には、これは必ずしも当てにならない。{cite}Uhlen2016-wy`可能であれば、抗体の特異性を確認するためにノックアウトやノックダウンの対照を行うべきである。そうでない場合は、標的分子の別の部分（_epitope_と呼ばれることもある）に対する別の抗体が利用可能かどうかを調べ、一貫した局在が得られることを確認する。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Reproducibility.md:11 msgid "" -"Optimizing your {term}`blocking` and {term}`permeabilization` conditions " -"for the particular antibody and protocol can reduce non-specific " -"background. No-primary-antibody controls should always be performed as " -"well, as they are essential for validating signal specificity." +"Optimizing your {term}`blocking` and {term}`permeabilization` conditions for" +" the particular antibody and protocol can reduce non-specific background. " +"No-primary-antibody controls should always be performed as well, as they are" +" essential for validating signal specificity." msgstr "" +"{term}`blocking` と{term}`permeabilization` の条件を特定の抗体とプロトコールに最適化することで、非特異的バッ " +"クグラウンドを減らすことができる。シグナルの特異性を検証するために不可欠であるため、プライマリー抗体なしのコントロールも常に行う必要があります。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Reproducibility.md:13 msgid "Fluorescent protein localization validation" -msgstr "" +msgstr "蛍光タンパク質の局在検証" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Reproducibility.md:15 -#, python-format msgid "" "Expression of fluorescently-tagged proteins can make localization of a " -"molecule or structure possible, especially when no good antibody exist " -"for immunolabeling and/or it will be helpful to observe the molecule's " -"behavior in live cells. While a study comparing overlap between the same " -"molecular targets with fluorescent proteins vs antibodies found 80% " -"overlap, they also found that some considerations (such as whether the C-" -" or N- terminus of a protein is tagged) may cause changes in " -"localization. {cite}`Stadler2013`. A recent paper {cite}`Sittewelle2023` " -"surveys considerations for genetic tagging of molecules for live " -"microscopy." -msgstr "" +"molecule or structure possible, especially when no good antibody exist for " +"immunolabeling and/or it will be helpful to observe the molecule's behavior " +"in live cells. While a study comparing overlap between the same molecular " +"targets with fluorescent proteins vs antibodies found 80% overlap, they also" +" found that some considerations (such as whether the C- or N- terminus of a " +"protein is tagged) may cause changes in localization. {cite}`Stadler2013`. A" +" recent paper {cite}`Sittewelle2023` surveys considerations for genetic " +"tagging of molecules for live microscopy." +msgstr "" +"蛍光標識タンパク質を発現させることで、分子や構造の局在化が可能になる。特に、免疫標識に適した抗体が存在しない場合や、生きた細胞で分子の挙動を観察するのに有用な場合である。蛍光タンパク質と抗体を用いて同じ分子ターゲットのオーバーラップを比較した研究では、80％のオーバーラップが見られたが、いくつかの考慮点（タンパク質のC末端とN末端のどちらにタグが付けられているかなど）が局在の変化を引き起こす可能性があることもわかった。{cite}Stadler2013`。最近の論文{cite}`Sittewelle2023`" +" は、ライブ顕微鏡用の分子の遺伝子タグ付けに関する考察を調査している。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Reproducibility.md:18 msgid "Bleedthrough" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ブリードスルー" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Reproducibility.md:20 msgid "" -"When performing multicolor fluorescence microscopy, it is critical to " -"choose fluorophores with sufficiently distinct excitation and emission " -"spectra; online tools such as FPbase {cite}`Lambert2019-xl` can help with" -" such selections, especially if you know the various optical components " -"of the microscope on which you will be imaging your samples (these " -"configurations can be saved and shared on FPbase; ask the maintainer of " -"the microscope you plan to use if such a configuration file is already " -"online). Even if you believe your fluorophores are sufficiently " -"separated, it is critical to check single-color fluorescent controls " -"using the same imaging conditions (and preferably on the same day) as " -"your multicolor controls to be certain no bleedthrough is occurring; it " -"is _mandatory_ to do this if you are planning to measure " -"[colocalization](content/colocalization)." -msgstr "" +"When performing multicolor fluorescence microscopy, it is critical to choose" +" fluorophores with sufficiently distinct excitation and emission spectra; " +"online tools such as FPbase {cite}`Lambert2019-xl` can help with such " +"selections, especially if you know the various optical components of the " +"microscope on which you will be imaging your samples (these configurations " +"can be saved and shared on FPbase; ask the maintainer of the microscope you " +"plan to use if such a configuration file is already online). Even if you " +"believe your fluorophores are sufficiently separated, it is critical to " +"check single-color fluorescent controls using the same imaging conditions " +"(and preferably on the same day) as your multicolor controls to be certain " +"no bleedthrough is occurring; it is _mandatory_ to do this if you are " +"planning to measure [colocalization](content/colocalization)." +msgstr "" +"FPbase{cite}`Lambert2019-xl`のようなオンラインツールは、特にサンプルを撮像する顕微鏡の様々な光学コンポーネントを知っている場合、そのような選択を助けることができる（これらの設定はFPbaseに保存して共有することができる。そのような設定ファイルがすでにオンラインにあるかどうかは、使用する予定の顕微鏡のメンテナに問い合わせること）。蛍光色素が十分に分離されていると考えても、マルチカラー対照と同じ撮像条件（できれば同じ日）で単色蛍光対照をチェックし、ブリードスルーが起きていないことを確認することが重要です。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:1 msgid "Resources for learning more" -msgstr "" +msgstr "より多くを学ぶためのリソース" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:8 msgid "**Resource Name**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**リソース名" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:9 msgid "**Link**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**リンク" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:10 msgid "**Brief description**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**簡単な説明" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:11 msgid "🌐 Microforum" -msgstr "" +msgstr "マイクロフォーラム" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:12 msgid "[link](https://forum.microlist.org/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://forum.microlist.org/)" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:13 msgid "" "An online forum for discussing issues with and getting advice on sample " "preparation and microscopy" -msgstr "" +msgstr "サンプル前処理と顕微鏡検査に関する問題を議論し、アドバイスを得るためのオンラインフォーラム" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:14 msgid "🌐 FPbase {cite}`Lambert2019-xl`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 FPbase{cite}`Lambert2019-xl`" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:15 msgid "[link](https://www.fpbase.org/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.fpbase.org/)" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:16 msgid "" -"Database for identifying fluorophores by brightness, spectra and " -"assessing compatibility with other fluorophores and with microscope " -"filters" -msgstr "" +"Database for identifying fluorophores by brightness, spectra and assessing " +"compatibility with other fluorophores and with microscope filters" +msgstr "蛍光色素を輝度、スペクトルによって識別し、他の蛍光色素や顕微鏡フィルターとの適合性を評価するためのデータベース" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:17 msgid "🌐 Bio-protocol" -msgstr "" +msgstr "バイオプロトコル" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:18 msgid "[link](https://bio-protocol.org/en/about )" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://bio-protocol.org/en/about )" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:19 msgid "" @@ -657,52 +701,55 @@ msgid "" "protocols associated with work published elsewhere. All protocols are " "available under an open access license (CC BY or CC BY-NC)" msgstr "" +"他で発表されたプロトコルを含む、生物学分野全般のプロトコルを検索できるサイト。すべてのプロトコルはオープンアクセスライセンス（CC BYまたはCC " +"BY-NC）で利用可能。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:20 msgid "🌐 protocols.io" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 protocols.io" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:21 msgid "[link](https://www.protocols.io/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.protocols.io/)" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:22 msgid "A secure platform for developing and sharing reproducible methods" -msgstr "" +msgstr "再現可能な手法を開発・共有するための安全なプラットフォーム" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:23 msgid "" "📄 Designing a rigorous microscopy experiment: Validating methods and " "avoiding bias {cite}`Jost2019-nx`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "📄 厳密な顕微鏡実験のデザイン：方法の検証とバイアスの回避{cite}`Jost2019-nx`" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:24 msgid "" -"[link](https://rupress.org/jcb/article/218/5/1452/120908/Designing-a" -"-rigorous-microscopy-experiment)" +"[link](https://rupress.org/jcb/article/218/5/1452/120908/Designing-a-" +"rigorous-microscopy-experiment)" msgstr "" +"[リンク](https://rupress.org/jcb/article/218/5/1452/120908/Designing-a-" +"rigorous-microscopy-experiment)" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:25 msgid "" "Review of aspects of designing a rigorous light microscopy experiment, " -"including validation of samples and imaging, identification and " -"correction of errors, and strategies to avoid biases" -msgstr "" +"including validation of samples and imaging, identification and correction " +"of errors, and strategies to avoid biases" +msgstr "サンプルとイメージングの検証、エラーの特定と修正、バイアスを回避する戦略など、厳密な光学顕微鏡実験の設計の側面をレビューする。" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:26 msgid "" "📄 Tutorial: guidance for quantitative confocal microscopy " "{cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "チュートリアル：定量的共焦点顕微鏡のガイダンス{cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:27 msgid "[link](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-020-0313-9)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[link](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-020-0313-9)" #: ../../01_Sample_preparation/Resources.md:28 msgid "" -"Step-by-step guidance on practical considerations for sample preparation," -" acquisition, and image analysis; primarily though not exclusively aimed " -"at users of confocal microscopy" -msgstr "" - +"Step-by-step guidance on practical considerations for sample preparation, " +"acquisition, and image analysis; primarily though not exclusively aimed at " +"users of confocal microscopy" +msgstr "共焦点顕微鏡のユーザーを対象としているが、それだけに限定しているわけではない。" diff --git a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/02_Sample_acquisition.po b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/02_Sample_acquisition.po index 310380319..c8d001078 100644 --- a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/02_Sample_acquisition.po +++ b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/02_Sample_acquisition.po @@ -1,439 +1,477 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2023 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. -# FIRST AUTHOR , 2023. -# +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +# Translators: +# Beth Cimini, 2023 +# #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Python \n" +"Project-Id-Version: Python\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-05-02 14:28-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" -"Language: ja\n" -"Language-Team: ja \n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-02 18:49+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Beth Cimini, 2023\n" +"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/center-for-open-bioimage-analysis/teams/169123/ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Generated-By: Babel 2.12.1\n" +"Language: ja\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Introduction.md:1 #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Picking.md:3 #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/_notinyet_Setting_up.md:3 msgid "Introduction" -msgstr "" +msgstr "はじめに" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Introduction.md:3 msgid "" "Microscopes are optical instruments, and as such, they are composed of " -"different optical components and devices. As a beginner, it is important " -"to recognize the experimental parameters that can affect the quality and " -"rigor of the imaging data, and by extension, its interpretation." +"different optical components and devices. As a beginner, it is important to " +"recognize the experimental parameters that can affect the quality and rigor " +"of the imaging data, and by extension, its interpretation." msgstr "" +"顕微鏡は光学機器であるため、さまざまな光学部品やデバイスで構成されています。初心者のうちは、イメージングデータの品質と厳密性、ひいてはその解釈に影響を与える実験パラメータを認識することが重要です。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Introduction.md:5 msgid "" -"A foundational concept is the “light path,” which can be used to trace " -"out light’s trajectory from the light source to the detector. When " -"working with microscopes, whether it is a cell culture microscope or a " -"cutting-edge superresolution system, it is important to take the time to " -"trace out the different light paths in the system. By approaching the " -"system as a sum of its parts means that optimizing and troubleshooting " -"become systematic processes compared to when the system is treated as a " -"black box. This [interactive tutorial at " -"MicroscopyU](https://www.microscopyu.com/tutorials/tepaths) shows the " -"light paths in a standard inverted microscope; [this " -"view](https://www.microscopyu.com/microscopy-basics/components) gives " -"more detail about the various parts." -msgstr "" +"A foundational concept is the “light path,” which can be used to trace out " +"light’s trajectory from the light source to the detector. When working with " +"microscopes, whether it is a cell culture microscope or a cutting-edge " +"superresolution system, it is important to take the time to trace out the " +"different light paths in the system. By approaching the system as a sum of " +"its parts means that optimizing and troubleshooting become systematic " +"processes compared to when the system is treated as a black box. This " +"[interactive tutorial at " +"MicroscopyU](https://www.microscopyu.com/tutorials/tepaths) shows the light " +"paths in a standard inverted microscope; [this " +"view](https://www.microscopyu.com/microscopy-basics/components) gives more " +"detail about the various parts." +msgstr "" +"基礎となる概念は「光路」で、光源から検出器までの光の軌跡をトレースするのに用いることができる。細胞培養顕微鏡であれ、最先端の超解像システムであれ、顕微鏡を扱う際には、システム内のさまざまな光路を時間をかけて追跡することが重要である。システムを部品の総体としてとらえることで、システムをブラックボックスとして扱う場合に比べて、最適化やトラブルシューティングがシステマティックなプロセスになります。この[MicroscopyUのインタラクティブチュートリアル](https://www.microscopyu.com/tutorials/tepaths)は、標準的な倒立顕微鏡の光路を示している。[このビュー](https://www.microscopyu.com/microscopy-" +"basics/components)では、様々なパーツについてより詳しく説明している。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Introduction.md:7 msgid "Types of microscopes" -msgstr "" +msgstr "顕微鏡の種類" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Introduction.md:9 msgid "" -"While far from a comprehensive list of what is available, a few of the " -"most common types of microscopes are listed below." -msgstr "" +"While far from a comprehensive list of what is available, a few of the most " +"common types of microscopes are listed below." +msgstr "顕微鏡の種類を網羅したリストとは言い難いが、最も一般的な顕微鏡の種類をいくつか以下に挙げる。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Introduction.md:10 msgid "" -"**Widefield**, sometimes called _epifluorescence_, microscopes that take " -"in all the light available to them in a single light path; this approach " +"**Widefield**, sometimes called _epifluorescence_, microscopes that take in " +"all the light available to them in a single light path; this approach " "requires the least complex hardware, and also is often advantageous when " "imaging dim samples. {term}`Deconvolution` is sometimes performed after " "imaging on a widefield microscope to remove blur." msgstr "" +"**ワイドフィールド**顕微鏡は、蛍光顕微鏡と呼ばれることもある。{term}広視野顕微鏡で撮像した後、ブレを除去するためにデコンボリューションを行うことがある。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Introduction.md:11 msgid "" -"**Confocal** - microscopes that remove out-of-focus light in the light " -"path, typically using one or many pinholes to physically block this " -"light. Several variants of confocal microscopy exist; spinning-disk " -"confocal microscopes are often preferred for live-cell imaging " -"applications as they tend to minimize toxicity to the sample." +"**Confocal** - microscopes that remove out-of-focus light in the light path," +" typically using one or many pinholes to physically block this light. " +"Several variants of confocal microscopy exist; spinning-disk confocal " +"microscopes are often preferred for live-cell imaging applications as they " +"tend to minimize toxicity to the sample." msgstr "" +"**共焦点** - " +"光路上の焦点外光を除去する顕微鏡で、通常、1つまたは多数のピンホールを使って物理的に光を遮断する。共焦点顕微鏡にはいくつかの種類があるが、スピニングディスク共焦点顕微鏡は、サンプルへの毒性を最小限に抑える傾向があるため、ライブセルイメージングアプリケーションに好まれることが多い。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Introduction.md:12 msgid "" "**Multiphoton** microscopes utilize multiple pulses of longer-wavelength " -"(lower energy) light to penetrate deep into tissue, since tissues are " -"less likely to scatter these wavelengths; once there, multiple low-" -"engergy photons hitting the fluorphore at the same time will use their " -"combined energy to activate a fluorophore that each photon alone would be" -" too weak to do. Because the benefit of these systems is in their deeper " -"penetration, they are often used for performing live-animal imaging." +"(lower energy) light to penetrate deep into tissue, since tissues are less " +"likely to scatter these wavelengths; once there, multiple low-engergy " +"photons hitting the fluorphore at the same time will use their combined " +"energy to activate a fluorophore that each photon alone would be too weak to" +" do. Because the benefit of these systems is in their deeper penetration, " +"they are often used for performing live-animal imaging." msgstr "" +"**多光子**顕微鏡は、組織がこれらの波長を散乱しにくいため、より長い波長（より低いエネルギー）の光の複数のパルスを利用して、組織の深部まで浸透させる。一旦そこに到達すると、フルオロフォアに同時に当たる複数の低エネルギー光子が、それぞれの光子だけでは弱すぎるフルオロフォアを活性化させるために、それらのエネルギーの組み合わせを使用する。このようなシステムの利点は、より深い透過性にあるため、ライブアニマルイメージングによく使用される。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Introduction.md:13 msgid "" "**Superresolution** microscopes that are designed to allows the user to " -"bypass the minimum optical resolution limit (typically 200 nm, depending " -"on sample consideration) to resolve very small structures. Sometimes this" -" is achieved with specialized hardware (such as in STED and SIM) and " -"sometimes with specialized probes (such as in PALM and STORM)." +"bypass the minimum optical resolution limit (typically 200 nm, depending on " +"sample consideration) to resolve very small structures. Sometimes this is " +"achieved with specialized hardware (such as in STED and SIM) and sometimes " +"with specialized probes (such as in PALM and STORM)." msgstr "" +"**超解像**顕微鏡は、ユーザーが最小光学分解能の限界（サンプルの検討にもよるが、通常200nm）を迂回し、非常に小さな構造を解像できるように設計されている。これは特殊なハードウェア（STEDやSIMなど）で達成されることもあれば、特殊なプローブ（PALMやSTORMなど）で達成されることもある。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Introduction.md:14 msgid "" -"**Light sheet** microscopes that illuminate the sample perpendicular to " -"the axis of imaging, often by a second, orthogonal set of objective " -"lenses. This allows for thin optical sectioning across large volumes, but" -" introduces more considerations around sample mounting. Many variations " -"on light sheet microscopes have emerged in recent years." +"**Light sheet** microscopes that illuminate the sample perpendicular to the " +"axis of imaging, often by a second, orthogonal set of objective lenses. This" +" allows for thin optical sectioning across large volumes, but introduces " +"more considerations around sample mounting. Many variations on light sheet " +"microscopes have emerged in recent years." msgstr "" +"**ライトシート**顕微鏡は、多くの場合、対物レンズの直交する第二のセットによって、撮像軸に対して垂直にサンプルを照射する。これにより、大きな体積を薄く光学的に切開することが可能になるが、サンプルの取り付けに関する考慮事項が増える。ライトシート顕微鏡には、近年多くのバリエーションが登場している。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Introduction.md:17 msgid "" "No matter which kind of microscope you use, scientific microscopes are " -"complex instruments with many working parts, all of which typically must " -"be in good working order and calibrated/aligned properly for quantitative" -" imaging to take place. The maintainer of your microscope will typically " -"ensure this, but speak with them regularly about questions you may have " -"and about how changes to the microscope configuration may affect your " -"ability to accurately make certain measurements. Your microscope " -"maintainer may be maintaining a large number of microscopes with a large " -"number of independent users, so if something looks \"off\", make sure to " -"talk with them before proceeding!" -msgstr "" +"complex instruments with many working parts, all of which typically must be " +"in good working order and calibrated/aligned properly for quantitative " +"imaging to take place. The maintainer of your microscope will typically " +"ensure this, but speak with them regularly about questions you may have and " +"about how changes to the microscope configuration may affect your ability to" +" accurately make certain measurements. Your microscope maintainer may be " +"maintaining a large number of microscopes with a large number of independent" +" users, so if something looks \"off\", make sure to talk with them before " +"proceeding!" +msgstr "" +"どの種類の顕微鏡を使用するにしても、科学用顕微鏡は複雑な装置で、多くの作動部品があり、定量的なイメージングを行うためには、すべての部品が正常に作動し、正しく校正／調整されていなければなりません。通常、顕微鏡のメンテナンス担当者がこのことを保証してくれますが、疑問点や顕微鏡の構成が変わると正確な測定ができなくなる可能性があることについては、定期的にメンテナンス担当者に相談してください。顕微鏡のメンテナンス担当者は、多くの独立したユーザーと多くの顕微鏡をメンテナンスしている可能性があります！" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Picking.md:1 msgid "Choosing the right microscopy modality" -msgstr "" +msgstr "適切な顕微鏡モダリティの選択" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Picking.md:5 msgid "" -"Choosing the right microscope for your experiment will be a factor both " -"of what the experiment dictates and what the researcher can access. The " -"image below (from [Fundamentals of Microscopy by Jermey " +"Choosing the right microscope for your experiment will be a factor both of " +"what the experiment dictates and what the researcher can access. The image " +"below (from [Fundamentals of Microscopy by Jermey " "Sanderson](http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpmo.76) {cite}`Sanderson2020-qz`) " -"gives a sense of the sorts of decisions one should consider when choosing" -" a microscope; a more thorough description of the pros and cons of " -"various kinds of microscopes can be found in [this " +"gives a sense of the sorts of decisions one should consider when choosing a " +"microscope; a more thorough description of the pros and cons of various " +"kinds of microscopes can be found in [this " "tutorial](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-020-0313-9){cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`." msgstr "" +"実験に適した顕微鏡を選ぶには、実験に必要なものと、研究者がアクセスできるものの両方が関係してくる。下の画像（[Fundamentals of " +"Microscopy by Jermey " +"Sanderson](http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpmo.76){cite}`Sanderson2020-qz` " +"より）は、顕微鏡を選択する際に考慮すべき決定事項の種類を知ることができます。様々な種類の顕微鏡の長所と短所についてのより詳細な説明は、[this " +"tutorial](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-020-0313-9){cite}`Jonkman2020-bo` " +"にあります。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Picking.md:14 msgid "BBBC image montage" -msgstr "" +msgstr "BBBCイメージ・モンタージュ" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Picking.md:14 msgid "" "**Flow chart to help choose which type of microscope to use.** Figure by " -"Jeremy Sanderson. [Source](https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Flow-" -"chart-to-help-choose-which-type-of-microscope-to-use_fig5_341918746) " +"Jeremy Sanderson. [Source](https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Flow-chart-" +"to-help-choose-which-type-of-microscope-to-use_fig5_341918746) " "{cite}`Sanderson2020-qz`" msgstr "" +"**図：ジェレミー・サンダーソン（Jeremy " +"Sanderson）。[ソース](https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Flow-chart-to-help-" +"choose-which-type-of-microscope-to-" +"use_fig5_341918746){cite}`Sanderson2020-qz`" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Picking.md:17 msgid "Opportunities for microscopy resource access" -msgstr "" +msgstr "顕微鏡リソースへのアクセスの機会" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Picking.md:19 msgid "" "While some imaging facilities are open only to members of a single " "institution, others allow outside visitors or even sponsor visitors to " "travel to them." -msgstr "" +msgstr "画像処理施設の中には、その施設に所属している人のみが利用できる施設もあれば、外部からの見学やスポンサーによる見学が可能な施設もある。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Picking.md:21 msgid "" -"**Advanced Imaging Center - Janelia Research Campus.** The AIC was " -"created to give access to the broad scientific community to new imaging " -"instruments that are not commercially available. Proposals can be " -"submitted during open calls at [their " -"website](https://www.aicjanelia.org/apply)." +"**Advanced Imaging Center - Janelia Research Campus.** The AIC was created " +"to give access to the broad scientific community to new imaging instruments " +"that are not commercially available. Proposals can be submitted during open " +"calls at [their website](https://www.aicjanelia.org/apply)." msgstr "" +"**アドバンスト・イメージング・センター - ジャネリア・リサーチ・キャンパス.** " +"AICは、市販されていない新しいイメージング機器を幅広い科学コミュニティに提供するために設立された。プロポーザルは[ウェブサイト](https://www.aicjanelia.org/apply)の公募期間中に提出できる。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:1 msgid "Practical considerations" -msgstr "" +msgstr "実務上の留意点" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:3 msgid "Objective selection" -msgstr "" +msgstr "目的選択" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:5 msgid "" -"Microscope objectives have a number of features that must be considered " -"when deciding which objective is right for your experiment" -msgstr "" +"Microscope objectives have a number of features that must be considered when" +" deciding which objective is right for your experiment" +msgstr "顕微鏡の対物レンズには多くの特徴があり、どの対物レンズが実験に適しているかを決定する際に考慮する必要があります。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:7 msgid "" -"Magnification and resolution: the higher the numerical aperture (NA) of " -"the lens, the finer the resolution one can obtain in one's sample. The NA" -" is calculated as {math}`NA=RI * sin(θ)`, relating both to the " -"{term}`refractive index` of the sample, glass, and {term}`immersion " -"media` as well as the range of angles of emitted light that can be " -"collected into the lens. Unless special techniques are used, the typical " -"limit of resultion is calculated as {math}`d = λ / 2NA`, meaning the " -"resolution is set both by the NA of the lens but also by the wavelength " -"of light used for imaging." +"Magnification and resolution: the higher the numerical aperture (NA) of the " +"lens, the finer the resolution one can obtain in one's sample. The NA is " +"calculated as {math}`NA=RI * sin(θ)`, relating both to the {term}`refractive" +" index` of the sample, glass, and {term}`immersion media` as well as the " +"range of angles of emitted light that can be collected into the lens. Unless" +" special techniques are used, the typical limit of resultion is calculated " +"as {math}`d = λ / 2NA`, meaning the resolution is set both by the NA of the " +"lens but also by the wavelength of light used for imaging." msgstr "" +"倍率と解像度：レンズの開口数（NA）が高いほど、サンプルで得られる解像度は細かくなる。NAは、{math}`NA=RI * " +"sin(θ)`として計算され、サンプル、ガラス、{term}`浸漬媒体`の{term}`屈折率`と、レンズに集めることができる放出光の角度の範囲の両方に関連する。特別な技術を使用しない限り、典型的な結果の限界は{math}`d" +" = λ / 2NA` として計算される。つまり、解像度はレンズのNAによって設定されるが、イメージングに使用される光の波長によっても設定される。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:16 msgid "microtubules imaged at 488nm and 647nm" -msgstr "" +msgstr "488nmと647nmで撮影された微小管" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:16 msgid "" -"**Decreased resolution at longer wavelengths of light**. Microtubules " -"imaged at a shorter wavelength of light show higher resolution than those" -" imaged at longer wavelengths. Adapted from Jonkman J., Brown C.M., " -"Wright G.D _et al_. Tutorial: guidance for quantitative confocal " -"microscopy. _Nat Prot_ **15**, (2020) {cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`" +"**Decreased resolution at longer wavelengths of light**. Microtubules imaged" +" at a shorter wavelength of light show higher resolution than those imaged " +"at longer wavelengths. Adapted from Jonkman J., Brown C.M., Wright G.D _et " +"al_. Tutorial: guidance for quantitative confocal microscopy. _Nat Prot_ " +"**15**, (2020) {cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`" msgstr "" +"**光の波長が長くなると解像度が低下する。より短い波長の光で撮像された微小管は、より長い波長の光で撮像されたものよりも高い解像度を示す。Jonkman " +"J., Brown C.M., Wright G.D _et al_. から引用。Tutorial: Guidance for quantitative" +" confocal microscopy.Nat Prot_ **15**, (2020){cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`." #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:19 msgid "" -"Color correction: When performing multicolor microscopy, it is important " -"to choose an objective lens that is labeled as `Apo` or `Super Apo`, as " -"such lenses are corrected to focus 3 to 6 colors in the same plane at the" -" same time. `Fluor` lenses will typically focus two colors at once." +"Color correction: When performing multicolor microscopy, it is important to " +"choose an objective lens that is labeled as `Apo` or `Super Apo`, as such " +"lenses are corrected to focus 3 to 6 colors in the same plane at the same " +"time. `Fluor` lenses will typically focus two colors at once." msgstr "" +"色補正：多色顕微鏡検査を行う場合、`Apo`または`Super " +"Apo`と表示されている対物レンズを選ぶことが重要である。Fluor`レンズは通常2色同時に焦点を結ぶ。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:20 msgid "" "Working distance: The working distance (WD) gives the distance in " -"millimeters that the lens can focus into the sample. This distance " -"includes the coverslip and mounting media as well. If imaging a thick " -"sample, and/or if needing to image away from the surface of the sample, " -"it is important to ensure the lens has a sufficient working distance." +"millimeters that the lens can focus into the sample. This distance includes " +"the coverslip and mounting media as well. If imaging a thick sample, and/or " +"if needing to image away from the surface of the sample, it is important to " +"ensure the lens has a sufficient working distance." msgstr "" +"ワーキングディスタンス：ワーキングディスタンス（WD）は、レンズが試料に焦点を合わせることができる距離をミリメートル単位で示す。この距離には、カバースリップやマウントメディアも含まれます。厚いサンプルを撮像する場合、および/またはサンプルの表面から離れて撮像する必要がある場合、レンズのワーキングディスタンスが十分であることを確認することが重要です。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:22 msgid "Filter sets" -msgstr "" +msgstr "フィルターセット" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:24 msgid "" -"It is important to make sure that the microscope that you want to image " -"on has the correct filter sets for the fluorphores you wish to use. See " -"the [section on bleedthrough](content/bleedthrough) for more information." +"It is important to make sure that the microscope that you want to image on " +"has the correct filter sets for the fluorphores you wish to use. See the " +"[section on bleedthrough](content/bleedthrough) for more information." msgstr "" +"使用する顕微鏡に、使用する蛍光色素に適したフィルターセットがあることを確認することが重要です。詳しくは[ブリードスルーの項](content/bleedthrough)を参照。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:26 msgid "Z sampling" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Zサンプリング" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:28 msgid "" -"If you wish to capture multiple z sections, the spacing of these setions " -"is important if you wish to be able to perform an accurate 3D " -"reconstruction. SVI has a [fuller mathematical explanation of " +"If you wish to capture multiple z sections, the spacing of these setions is " +"important if you wish to be able to perform an accurate 3D reconstruction. " +"SVI has a [fuller mathematical explanation of " "this](https://svi.nl/NyquistRate),as well as an easy-to-use [online " -"calculator](https://svi.nl/NyquistCalculator) that you can use to " -"calculate the optimal z section spacing for your imaging conditions." +"calculator](https://svi.nl/NyquistCalculator) that you can use to calculate " +"the optimal z section spacing for your imaging conditions." msgstr "" +"複数のzセクションをキャプチャする場合、正確な3D再構成を行うには、これらのセクションの間隔が重要です。SVIでは、[これに関する数学的な詳しい説明](https://svi.nl/NyquistRate)と、使いやすい[オンライン計算機](https://svi.nl/NyquistCalculator)を用意しており、撮影条件に最適なzセクションの間隔を計算することができます。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:30 msgid "Acquisition power/speed" -msgstr "" +msgstr "獲得パワー/スピード" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Practical_considerations.md:32 msgid "" -"The amount of signal captured from any fluorophore will be related not " -"just to the intrinsic brightness of the fluorophore, but also the amount " -"of excitation light it is exposed to (due to duration, power, or both) as" -" well as amount of time and signal multiplication that happens at the " -"detector (typically a camera or a photomultiplier tube (PMT)). An optimal" -" experiment is typically one that minimizes the amount of light hitting " -"the sample (to reduce photobleaching and/or phototoxicity) while " -"acheiving adequate fluorescent signal and in minimal time on the " -"equipment. How exactly to balance these competing factors will depend on " -"the exact biology being studied and the researcher's constraints." +"The amount of signal captured from any fluorophore will be related not just " +"to the intrinsic brightness of the fluorophore, but also the amount of " +"excitation light it is exposed to (due to duration, power, or both) as well " +"as amount of time and signal multiplication that happens at the detector " +"(typically a camera or a photomultiplier tube (PMT)). An optimal experiment " +"is typically one that minimizes the amount of light hitting the sample (to " +"reduce photobleaching and/or phototoxicity) while acheiving adequate " +"fluorescent signal and in minimal time on the equipment. How exactly to " +"balance these competing factors will depend on the exact biology being " +"studied and the researcher's constraints." msgstr "" +"蛍光色素から捕捉されるシグナルの量は、蛍光色素の固有の明るさだけでなく、蛍光色素が照射される励起光の量（照射時間、パワー、またはその両方による）、および検出器（通常はカメラまたは光電子増倍管（PMT））で発生する時間やシグナルの増倍にも関係する。最適な実験とは一般的に、十分な蛍光シグナルを得ながら、サンプルに当たる光の量を最小限に抑え（光退色や光毒性を減らすため）、装置にかかる時間を最小限に抑えたものです。これらの相反する要素をどのようにバランスさせるかは、研究される生物学と研究者の制約に依存する。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:1 msgid "Resources for learning more" -msgstr "" +msgstr "より多くを学ぶためのリソース" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:7 msgid "**Resource Name**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**リソース名" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:8 msgid "**Link**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**リンク" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:9 msgid "**Brief description**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**簡単な説明" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:10 msgid "🌐 Nikon MicroscopyU" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ニコンマイクロスコピーU 🌐 ニコンマイクロスコピーU" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:11 msgid "[link](https://www.microscopyu.com/microscopy-basics)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.microscopyu.com/microscopy-basics)" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:12 msgid "" -"Fundamentals of microscopy explained for beginners with lots of images " -"and plain language descriptions of terms used in microscopy" -msgstr "" +"Fundamentals of microscopy explained for beginners with lots of images and " +"plain language descriptions of terms used in microscopy" +msgstr "初心者のための顕微鏡の基礎知識を、豊富な画像と顕微鏡で使われる用語を平易な言葉で解説。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:13 msgid "" "📄 Seeing is believing? A beginners' guide to practical pitfalls in image " "acquisition {cite}`North2006-sb`" msgstr "" +"百聞は一見にしかず？A beginners' guide to practical pitfalls in image " +"acquisition{cite}`North2006-sb`" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:14 msgid "[link](https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200507103)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[link](https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200507103)" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:15 msgid "" -"An overview of common concerns to check for during sample preparation and" -" image acquisition" -msgstr "" +"An overview of common concerns to check for during sample preparation and " +"image acquisition" +msgstr "サンプル前処理および画像取得中にチェックすべき一般的な懸念事項の概要" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:16 msgid "📄 Fluorescence microscopy - avoiding the pitfalls {cite}`Brown2007-ou`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "📄 蛍光顕微鏡 - 落とし穴を避ける{cite}`Brown2007-ou`" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:17 msgid "" -"[link](https://journals.biologists.com/jcs/article/120/10/1703/29404" -"/Fluorescence-microscopy-avoiding-the-pitfalls)" +"[link](https://journals.biologists.com/jcs/article/120/10/1703/29404/Fluorescence-" +"microscopy-avoiding-the-pitfalls)" msgstr "" +"[リンク](https://journals.biologists.com/jcs/article/120/10/1703/29404/Fluorescence-" +"microscopy-avoiding-the-pitfalls)" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:18 msgid "" "Short overview of some of the most common pitfalls for beginners to " "fluorescence microscopy" -msgstr "" +msgstr "蛍光顕微鏡の初心者にありがちな落とし穴の簡単な概要" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:19 msgid "" "📄 Tutorial: guidance for quantitative confocal microscopy " "{cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "チュートリアル：定量的共焦点顕微鏡のガイダンス{cite}`Jonkman2020-bo`" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:20 msgid "[link](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-020-0313-9)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[link](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-020-0313-9)" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:21 msgid "" -"Step-by-step guidance on practical considerations for sample preparation," -" acquisition, and image analysis; primarily though not exclusively aimed " -"at users of confocal microscopy" -msgstr "" +"Step-by-step guidance on practical considerations for sample preparation, " +"acquisition, and image analysis; primarily though not exclusively aimed at " +"users of confocal microscopy" +msgstr "共焦点顕微鏡のユーザーを対象としているが、それだけに限定しているわけではない。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:22 msgid "" "📄 Best practices and tools for reporting reproducible fluorescence " "microscopy methods {cite}`Montero_Llopis2021-nb`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "📄 再現性のある蛍光顕微鏡法を報告するためのベストプラクティスとツール{cite}`Montero_Llopis2021-nb`" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:23 msgid "[link](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-021-01156-w)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[link](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-021-01156-w)" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:24 msgid "" "Guidelines and resources for accurate reporting of the most common " -"fluorescence light microscopy techniques, emphasizing the impact of " -"accurate microscopy metadata on data interpretation.'" -msgstr "" +"fluorescence light microscopy techniques, emphasizing the impact of accurate" +" microscopy metadata on data interpretation.'" +msgstr "最も一般的な蛍光光顕法の正確な報告のためのガイドラインとリソース、データ解釈における正確な顕微鏡メタデータの影響を強調する。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:25 msgid "🎥 iBiology Microscopy Short Course" -msgstr "" +msgstr "iBiology 顕微鏡ショートコース" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:26 msgid "" "[link](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4c5ILWQmqRY&list=PLQFc-" "Dxlf4pSRaEk8Xi9BzS0r8-LYmwRQ)" msgstr "" +"[リンク](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4c5ILWQmqRY&list=PLQFc-" +"Dxlf4pSRaEk8Xi9BzS0r8-LYmwRQ)" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:27 msgid "" -"An 8 hour video series consisting of 14 videos introducting major " -"concepts in microscopy. A longer course with >70 videos is also " -"available." -msgstr "" +"An 8 hour video series consisting of 14 videos introducting major concepts " +"in microscopy. A longer course with >70 videos is also available." +msgstr "顕微鏡学の主要な概念を紹介する14本のビデオで構成された8時間のビデオシリーズ。70本以上のビデオで構成される長期コースもあります。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:28 msgid "🎥 Microcourses" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🍚 マイクロコース" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:29 msgid "[link](https://www.youtube.com/@Microcourses)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.youtube.com/@マイクロコース)" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:30 msgid "" -"Videos about microscopy from the microscopy cores at Harvard Medical " -"School" -msgstr "" +"Videos about microscopy from the microscopy cores at Harvard Medical School" +msgstr "ハーバード・メディカル・スクールの顕微鏡コアによる顕微鏡検査に関するビデオ" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:31 msgid "🌐 Advanced Imaging Center" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 先端画像診断センター" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:32 msgid "[link](https://www.aicjanelia.org/apply)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.aicjanelia.org/apply)" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:33 -msgid "Access to the state of the art microscopy instruments and imaging experts" -msgstr "" +msgid "" +"Access to the state of the art microscopy instruments and imaging experts" +msgstr "最先端の顕微鏡装置とイメージング専門家へのアクセス" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:34 msgid "🌐 Africa Microscopy Initiative" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 アフリカ顕微鏡イニシアティブ" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:35 msgid "[link](https://www.microscopy.africa/ )" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.microscopy.africa/ )" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:36 msgid "" -"Access to advanced microscopes, molecular biology and cell culture " -"equipment for scientists in Africa" -msgstr "" +"Access to advanced microscopes, molecular biology and cell culture equipment" +" for scientists in Africa" +msgstr "アフリカの科学者が先進的な顕微鏡、分子生物学、細胞培養装置を利用できるようにする。" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:37 msgid "🌐 Euro-Bioimaging" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 ユーロバイオイメージング" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:38 msgid "[link](https://www.eurobioimaging.eu)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.eurobioimaging.eu)" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/Resources.md:39 msgid "Access to microcopy instruments and training for scientists in Europe" -msgstr "" +msgstr "欧州の科学者のためのマイクロコピー機器とトレーニングへのアクセス" #: ../../02_Sample_acquisition/_notinyet_Setting_up.md:1 msgid "Setting up your acquisition" -msgstr "" - +msgstr "買収の設定" diff --git a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/03_Image_analysis.po b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/03_Image_analysis.po index 0a0923363..ffa608fc1 100644 --- a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/03_Image_analysis.po +++ b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/03_Image_analysis.po @@ -1,129 +1,143 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. -# Copyright (C) 2023 +# Copyright (C) 2024 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. -# FIRST AUTHOR , 2023. -# +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +# Translators: +# Cheng-Yu Huang, 2023 +# Beth Cimini, 2024 +# #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Python \n" +"Project-Id-Version: Python\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-06-15 11:57-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" -"Language: ja\n" -"Language-Team: ja \n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-03-29 15:22+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-02 18:49+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Beth Cimini, 2024\n" +"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/center-for-open-bioimage-analysis/teams/169123/ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Generated-By: Babel 2.12.1\n" +"Language: ja\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:1 msgid "Object classification" -msgstr "" +msgstr "オブジェクトの分類" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:3 msgid "What is classification?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "分類とは何か？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:4 msgid "" "Simply put, phenotypic classification is about categorizing objects into " "different groups based on their features (aka measurements)." -msgstr "" +msgstr "簡単に言えば、表現型分類とは、対象物をその特徴（別名、測定値）に基づいて異なるグループに分類することである。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:0 ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md:0 msgid "📏 How do I measure it?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "📏 どうやって測定するのか？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:10 msgid "" -"Phenotypic classification can be performed a few different ways. One way " -"to break this down is by unsupervised vs. supervised classification." +"Phenotypic classification can be performed a few different ways. One way to " +"break this down is by unsupervised vs. supervised classification." msgstr "" +"物のフィーチャー(Feature)に基づいた分類方法は大きく二種類に分けられます。その一つが教師なし分類(Unsupervised " +"Learning)で、もう一つは教師あり分類(Supervised Learning)です。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:12 msgid "" -"In **supervised classification**, a human also provides information on " -"what the different groups of objects should look like by providing " -"representative examples of each group in a training dataset. The computer" -" then learns how to assign objects to groups based on their measurements " -"by testing models against the ground truth training dataset." +"In **supervised classification**, a human also provides information on what " +"the different groups of objects should look like by providing representative" +" examples of each group in a training dataset. The computer then learns how " +"to assign objects to groups based on their measurements by testing models " +"against the ground truth training dataset." msgstr "" +"教師あり分類**では、人間は、訓練データセットに各グループの代表的な例を提供することによって、オブジェクトの異なるグループがどのように見えるべきかという情報も提供する。その後、コンピュータは、真実の訓練データセットに対してモデルをテストすることによって、測定値に基づいてオブジェクトをグループに割り当てる方法を学習する。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:14 msgid "" -"For example, you could classify cells based on a visual phenotype and " -"train a machine learning classifier to derive which measurement ranges " -"are associated with different classes. This is supervised classification " -"because a person is providing instruction of how many classes there " -"should be and examples of what each class should look like for the " -"computer to learn from. An example of this could be annotating a subset " -"of cells that are in different stages of mitosis and training a " -"classifier to use your labels to find other cells in those stages." +"For example, you could classify cells based on a visual phenotype and train " +"a machine learning classifier to derive which measurement ranges are " +"associated with different classes. This is supervised classification because" +" a person is providing instruction of how many classes there should be and " +"examples of what each class should look like for the computer to learn from." +" An example of this could be annotating a subset of cells that are in " +"different stages of mitosis and training a classifier to use your labels to " +"find other cells in those stages." msgstr "" +"例えば、視覚的表現型に基づいて細胞を分類し、どの測定範囲が異なるクラスと関連するかを導き出すために機械学習分類器を訓練することができる。これは教師あり分類である。なぜなら、人間が、いくつのクラスがあるべきかという指示と、コンピュータが学習するために各クラスがどのように見えるかという例を提供するからである。この例としては、有糸分裂の異なる段階にある細胞のサブセットに注釈を付け、そのラベルを使ってそれらの段階にある他の細胞を見つけるように分類器を訓練することができる。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:16 msgid "" "In **unsupervised classification**, you group objects based on their " -"measurements, but without any top-down human-defined guidance into how " -"many groups there are or what the groups should look like." +"measurements, but without any top-down human-defined guidance into how many " +"groups there are or what the groups should look like." msgstr "" +"教師なし分類**では、測定値に基づいてオブジェクトをグループ化するが、いくつのグループがあるのか、グループはどのようなものであるべきかといった、トップダウンで人間が定義した指針はない。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:18 msgid "" -"For example, you could measure hundreds or thousands of features of cells" -" from many treatments, as is typical in large-scale cell profiling " +"For example, you could measure hundreds or thousands of features of cells " +"from many treatments, as is typical in large-scale cell profiling " "experiments. Next you could let the computer cluster the cells into some " -"number of different groups based on having similar measurements. This is " -"a form of unsupervised clustering, where you observe what groups emerge " -"from a computer considering their measurements only, and not class labels" -" we impose as researchers. These sorts of clustering experiments can " -"provide novel results but may also be harder to interpret; see this " +"number of different groups based on having similar measurements. This is a " +"form of unsupervised clustering, where you observe what groups emerge from a" +" computer considering their measurements only, and not class labels we " +"impose as researchers. These sorts of clustering experiments can provide " +"novel results but may also be harder to interpret; see this " "protocol{cite}`GarciaFossaCruz2023` for more information." msgstr "" +"例えば、大規模な細胞プロファイリング実験によく見られるように、多くの治療から得られた細胞の特徴を何百、何千と測定することができる。次にコンピュータに、類似した測定値に基づいて細胞をいくつかの異なるグループにクラスタリングさせることができる。これは教師なしクラスタリングの一形態であり、研究者である私たちが課すクラスラベルではなく、測定値のみを考慮して、どのようなグループがコンピュータから出現するかを観察するものである。この種のクラスタリング実験は新しい結果をもたらすが、解釈も難しいかもしれない。詳しくはこのプロトコル{cite}`GarciaFossaCruz2023`" +" を参照されたい。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:0 ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md:0 msgid "⚠️ Where can things go wrong?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "⚠️ どこでうまくいかなくなるのか？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:23 msgid "" -"**Valid measurements are still important** Classification can be simple " -"or complex, but results always depend on the validity of your " -"measurements. For this reason, all the caveats of earlier measurement " -"sections also apply here." +"**Valid measurements are still important** Classification can be simple or " +"complex, but results always depend on the validity of your measurements. For" +" this reason, all the caveats of earlier measurement sections also apply " +"here." msgstr "" +"**分類は単純でも複雑でも構いませんが、結果は常に測定の妥当性に左右されます。このため、以前の測定セクションのすべての注意事項がここでも適用されます。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:24 msgid "" -"**Machines are lazy** Machine learning classifiers aren’t necessarily " -"going to learn the biologically relevant features that distinguish " -"objects from distinct groups. Confounding features, or features that vary" -" with your phenotype but are not biologically related to it, can limit " -"the usefulness of your classifier and lead to incorrect conclusions. For " -"instance, if clinicians often put rulers next to malignant looking moles " -"and not next to benign moles and try to train a machine learning " -"classifier to distinguish malignant vs. benign, the model might learn to " -"classify images with rulers as malignant without tapping into any of the " -"relevant features of the moles. This is a [real " -"example](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30244720/) {cite}`Narla2018-qh`." -" If possible, examining which features your model is relying on to " -"classify objects can be a way to check for this. It’s also important to " -"standardize how you capture images of your different classes of objects " -"and include a large enough training set with images with lots of " -"variation. You wouldn’t want all your positive cells to come from samples" -" you imaged in March and all your negative cells from samples you imaged " -"in January, for example." -msgstr "" +"**Machines are lazy** Machine learning classifiers aren’t necessarily going " +"to learn the biologically relevant features that distinguish objects from " +"distinct groups. Confounding features, or features that vary with your " +"phenotype but are not biologically related to it, can limit the usefulness " +"of your classifier and lead to incorrect conclusions. For instance, if " +"clinicians often put rulers next to malignant looking moles and not next to " +"benign moles and try to train a machine learning classifier to distinguish " +"malignant vs. benign, the model might learn to classify images with rulers " +"as malignant without tapping into any of the relevant features of the moles." +" This is a [real example](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30244720/) " +"{cite}`Narla2018-qh`. If possible, examining which features your model is " +"relying on to classify objects can be a way to check for this. It’s also " +"important to standardize how you capture images of your different classes of" +" objects and include a large enough training set with images with lots of " +"variation. You wouldn’t want all your positive cells to come from samples " +"you imaged in March and all your negative cells from samples you imaged in " +"January, for example." +msgstr "" +"**機械は怠け者である** " +"機械学習分類器は、対象を異なるグループから区別する生物学的に関連した特徴を必ずしも学習するわけではない。交絡特徴、つまり表現型によって変化するが生物学的に関連しない特徴は、分類器の有用性を制限し、誤った結論に導く可能性がある。例えば、臨床医が悪性に見えるほくろの隣に定規を置き、良性のほくろの隣に定規を置かないことがよくあり、悪性と良性を区別するために機械学習分類器を訓練しようとすると、モデルはほくろの関連する特徴を利用することなく、定規のある画像を悪性として分類することを学習するかもしれません。これは[実例](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30244720/){cite}`Narla2018-qh`" +" " +"です。可能であれば、モデルがオブジェクトを分類するためにどの特徴に依存しているかを調べることは、これをチェックする方法になり得る。また、異なるクラスのオブジェクトの画像をキャプチャする方法を標準化し、バリエーション豊富な画像を含む十分な大きさのトレーニングセットを含めることも重要です。例えば、陽性細胞はすべて3月に撮像したサンプルで、陰性細胞はすべて1月に撮像したサンプルで、などということは避けたいものです。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:25 msgid "" @@ -135,39 +149,46 @@ msgid "" " {cite}`Stirling2021-ov` and [Piximi](https://www.piximi.app/) that make " "training a classifier easier, especially if you don’t know how to code." msgstr "" +"**機械学習分類器を使用する場合、モデルによってさまざまな前提条件があります。使い始めのうちは、どれを選ぶべきかを知るのは難しいかもしれない。CellProfiler" +" " +"Analyst](https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/32/20/3210/2196630){cite}`Stirling2021-ov`" +" や[Piximi](https://www.piximi.app/)のようなインタラクティブなツールがあり、分類器の学習を簡単にすることができる。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:26 msgid "" -"**Messy boundaries** Most methods of supervised classification, where the" -" user assigns objects to a score or to a bin, ultimately treat each bin " -"as a totally separate entity; biology is rarely so neat. For example, a " -"supervised classifier for cell cycle phase must assign a cell to one " -"phase, but in fact progression through the cell cycle is not a perfectly " -"switch-like process, as can be visualized by measurements of individual " -"cells (colored by their class given by a human observer). More " -"sophisticated methods may be needed to classify more continuous " -"phenotypes" +"**Messy boundaries** Most methods of supervised classification, where the " +"user assigns objects to a score or to a bin, ultimately treat each bin as a " +"totally separate entity; biology is rarely so neat. For example, a " +"supervised classifier for cell cycle phase must assign a cell to one phase, " +"but in fact progression through the cell cycle is not a perfectly switch-" +"like process, as can be visualized by measurements of individual cells " +"(colored by their class given by a human observer). More sophisticated " +"methods may be needed to classify more continuous phenotypes" msgstr "" +"**教師あり分類のほとんどの方法は、ユーザーが対象をスコアやビンに割り当てるが、最終的にはそれぞれのビンを完全に独立した存在として扱う。例えば、細胞周期の位相に対する教師あり分類器は、細胞を1つの位相に割り当てなければならないが、実際には、細胞周期を通しての進行は、個々の細胞の測定（人間の観察者によって与えられたクラスによって色分けされる）によって視覚化できるように、完全にスイッチのようなプロセスではない。より連続的な表現型を分類するには、より洗練された方法が必要かもしれない。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:0 msgid "a continuous distribution of cell cycle states" -msgstr "" +msgstr "細胞周期状態の連続分布" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:35 msgid "" "**Strict division into supervised classes can be tricky for continuous " -"biological processes**. Adapted from Eulenberg, P., Köhler, N., Blasi, T." -" _et al_. Reconstructing cell cycle and disease progression using deep " +"biological processes**. Adapted from Eulenberg, P., Köhler, N., Blasi, T. " +"_et al_. Reconstructing cell cycle and disease progression using deep " "learning. _Nat Commun_ **8**, 463 (2017) {cite}`Eulenberg2017-ax`" msgstr "" +"**厳密なクラス分けは、連続的な生物学的プロセスでは難しい。Eulenberg, P., Köhler, N., Blasi, T. _et " +"al_.ディープラーニングを用いた細胞周期と疾患進行の再構築。_Nat Commun_ **8**, 463 " +"(2017){cite}`Eulenberg2017-ax`" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:0 ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md:0 msgid "📚🤷‍♀️ Where can I learn more?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "📚🤷‍♀️ もっと詳しく知りたいのですが？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:41 msgid "" @@ -175,6 +196,8 @@ msgid "" "profiling](https://www.nature.com/articles/nmeth.4397) " "{cite}`Caicedo2017-ks`" msgstr "" +"📄 [Dataanalysis strategies for image-based cell " +"profiling](https://www.nature.com/articles/nmeth.4397){cite}`Caicedo2017-ks`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:42 msgid "" @@ -183,316 +206,357 @@ msgid "" "learning](https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.0808843106) " "{cite}`Jones2009-zz`" msgstr "" +"📄 [Scoring diverse cellular morphologies in image-based screens with " +"iterative feedback and machine " +"learning](https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.0808843106){cite}`Jones2009-zz`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:43 msgid "" "🎥 [iBiology video series: Measurement and Phenotype " "Classification](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Odi9pIerT7I)" msgstr "" +"iBiology ビデオシリーズ：測定と表現型分類】(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Odi9pIerT7I)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Classification.md:44 msgid "" -"📄 [Interpreting Image-based Profiles using Similarity Clustering and " -"Single-Cell Visualization](https://doi.org/10.1002/cpz1.713) " +"📄 [Interpreting Image-based Profiles using Similarity Clustering and Single-" +"Cell Visualization](https://doi.org/10.1002/cpz1.713) " "{cite}`GarciaFossaCruz2023`" msgstr "" +"📄 [Interpreting Image-based Profiles using Similarity Clustering and Single-" +"Cell " +"Visualization](https://doi.org/10.1002/cpz1.713){cite}`GarciaFossaCruz2023`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:1 msgid "Colocalization" -msgstr "" +msgstr "コロカライゼーション" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:4 msgid "What is colocalization?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "コロカライゼーションとは何か？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:6 msgid "" -"Colocalization is when two or more different labels (e.g., eGFP and " -"mCherry) spatially overlap in your image (also called co-occurrence). " -"Another component of colocalization is that the fluorescent labels often " -"correlate in intensity (i.e., pixels with brighter eGFP also have " -"brighter mCherry). It is very important to measure colocalization " -"quantitatively–**do not just trust your eyes!**" +"Colocalization is when two or more different labels (e.g., eGFP and mCherry)" +" spatially overlap in your image (also called co-occurrence). Another " +"component of colocalization is that the fluorescent labels often correlate " +"in intensity (i.e., pixels with brighter eGFP also have brighter mCherry). " +"It is very important to measure colocalization quantitatively–**do not just " +"trust your eyes!**" msgstr "" +"共焦点化とは、2つ以上の異なるラベル（例えば、eGFPとmCherry）が画像内で空間的に重なることである（共起とも呼ばれる）。共焦点化のもう一つの要素は、蛍光ラベルがしばしば強度で相関することである（すなわち、より明るいeGFPを持つピクセルは、より明るいmCherryも持つ）。コロカライゼーションを定量的に測定することは非常に重要である。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:8 msgid "" -"It is also important to recognize that co-ocurrence does not " -"_necessarily_ imply interaction." -msgstr "" +"It is also important to recognize that co-ocurrence does not _necessarily_ " +"imply interaction." +msgstr "また、共時性が必ずしも相互作用を意味するわけではないことを認識することも重要である。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:11 msgid "" -"As an example, it is possible for two people to work in the same building" -" an never interact." -msgstr "" +"As an example, it is possible for two people to work in the same building " +"and never interact." +msgstr "たとえば、2 人が同じ建物内で働きながら、まったく対話しない可能性があります。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:21 msgid "degrees of colocalization" -msgstr "" +msgstr "コロカライゼーションの程度" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:21 msgid "**Colocalization is about intensity and spatial overlap of labels**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**ローカライゼーションとは、ラベルの強度と空間的な重なりのことである。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:28 msgid "" -"There are two main branches for how to look at colocalization: Object-" -"based and correlation-based." -msgstr "" +"There are two main branches for how to look at colocalization: Object-based " +"and correlation-based." +msgstr "コロカライゼーションを見る方法には、大きく分けて2種類ある：オブジェクトベースと相関ベースである。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:30 -#, python-format msgid "" -"**Object-based colocalization** is appropriate when you want to be able " -"to say something about a fraction of objects being positive for multiple " -"labels (e.g., 99% of eGFP+ cells were also mCherry+). Here’s a sample " -"workflow:" +"**Object-based colocalization** is appropriate when you want to be able to " +"say something about a fraction of objects being positive for multiple labels" +" (e.g., 99% of eGFP+ cells were also mCherry+). Here’s a sample workflow:" msgstr "" +"**Object-" +"basedコロカライゼーション**は、複数のラベルに対して陽性であるオブジェクトの割合について何か言えるようにしたい場合に適している（例えば、eGFP+細胞の99%がmCherry+でもあった）。以下にワークフローのサンプルを示す：" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:51 msgid "" "**Correlation-based colocalization** is more appropriate when the labels " -"you’re measuring are not found in discrete objects or when you predict " -"that the signal in the labels should correlate. Correlation-based " -"colocalization is simpler to measure as it does not require any " -"{term}`segmentation` of objects. Pearson correlation coefficients are " -"readily measurable in most image analysis softwares (e.g., FIJI, " -"CellProfiler, etc.)." +"you’re measuring are not found in discrete objects or when you predict that " +"the signal in the labels should correlate. Correlation-based colocalization " +"is simpler to measure as it does not require any {term}`segmentation` of " +"objects. Pearson correlation coefficients are readily measurable in most " +"image analysis softwares (e.g., FIJI, CellProfiler, etc.)." msgstr "" +"**相関ベースの共焦点化**は、測定するラベルがバラバラの物体に存在しない場合や、ラベルのシグナルに相関があると予測される場合に適している。相関に基づくコロカリゼーションは、{term}" +" " +"、対象物を「セグメンテーション」する必要がないため、測定が簡単である。ピアソン相関係数は、ほとんどの画像解析ソフト（FIJI、CellProfilerなど）で容易に測定可能である。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:55 msgid "" -"**Not having adequate controls** (e.g., single label controls where only " -"one fluorescent label is present). Noise, uneven illumination, and other " +"**Not having adequate controls** (e.g., single label controls where only one" +" fluorescent label is present). Noise, uneven illumination, and other " "technical artifacts can cause correlation between two channels" msgstr "" +"**適切なコントロールがない**（例：蛍光ラベルが1つしかないシングルラベルコントロール）。ノイズ、不均一な照明、その他の技術的アーチファクトは、2つのチャンネル間の相関を引き起こす可能性がある。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:56 msgid "" "**Not correcting for shift between channels** It’s common to have some " "degree of shift between different imaging channels due to differences in " -"optics (e.g., different filter cubes). Not correcting for this shift " -"(e.g., by measuring it and applying the corresponding correction to the " -"channels) can limit your ability to detect colocalization." +"optics (e.g., different filter cubes). Not correcting for this shift (e.g., " +"by measuring it and applying the corresponding correction to the channels) " +"can limit your ability to detect colocalization." msgstr "" +"**チャンネル間のシフトを補正しない** " +"光学系の違い（フィルターキューブの違いなど）により、異なるイメージングチャンネル間である程度のシフトが生じることはよくあることです。このシフトを補正しない（例えば、シフトを測定し、対応する補正をチャンネルに適用する）ことは、共焦点を検出する能力を制限する可能性があります。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:57 msgid "" -"**Bleedthrough** Sometimes signal from one fluorescent channel bleeds " -"into another, which can falsely increase your detected colocalization. " -"This happens most commonly with fluorophores that are similar in spectra " -"(e.g., GFP and YFP). This is caused by fluorophore in one channel being " -"weakly excited by light used to excite a different fluorophore and the " -"resulting emitted fluorescence makes it through the emission filter " -"(e.g., your green objects show up in the yellow channel as well). Assess " -"this with single label controls." +"**Bleedthrough** Sometimes signal from one fluorescent channel bleeds into " +"another, which can falsely increase your detected colocalization. This " +"happens most commonly with fluorophores that are similar in spectra (e.g., " +"GFP and YFP). This is caused by fluorophore in one channel being weakly " +"excited by light used to excite a different fluorophore and the resulting " +"emitted fluorescence makes it through the emission filter (e.g., your green " +"objects show up in the yellow channel as well). Assess this with single " +"label controls." msgstr "" +"**ブリードスルー** ある蛍光チャネルからのシグナルが別の蛍光チャネルにブリードス ルーすることがあり、これにより検出されたコロカライゼーションが " +"誤って大きくなることがあります。これは、スペクトルが類似している蛍光色素（例：GFP と " +"YFP）でよく起こります。これは、あるチャンネルの蛍光体が、別の蛍光体を励起するための光によって弱く励起され、その結果放出された蛍光がエミッションフィルターを通過してしまうために起こります（例えば、緑色の物体が黄色のチャンネルにも表示されます）。これをシングルラベルコントロールで評価する。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:58 msgid "" -"**Improper interpretation of your colocalization metric** The details of " -"the metric chosen here are very important - they vary widely in terms of " -"their inclusion of background pixels, their sensitivity to signal-to-" -"noise, etc. Consultation with an expert and the inclusion of proper " -"controls can help you be assured that your measurement is truly what you " -"think it is." +"**Improper interpretation of your colocalization metric** The details of the" +" metric chosen here are very important - they vary widely in terms of their " +"inclusion of background pixels, their sensitivity to signal-to-noise, etc. " +"Consultation with an expert and the inclusion of proper controls can help " +"you be assured that your measurement is truly what you think it is." msgstr "" +"**ここで選択した測定法の詳細は非常に重要であり、バックグラウンドピクセルを含むかどうか、S/N感度はどうであるかなど、測定法は多岐にわたる。専門家に相談し、適切なコントロールを含めることで、測定値が本当にあなたが考えているものであることを確信することができます。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:63 msgid "" "🔢 [Theoretical background on " "colocalization](https://svi.nl/ColocalizationTheory)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🔢 [コロカライゼーションの理論的背景](https://svi.nl/ColocalizationTheory)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Colocalization.md:64 msgid "" "📄 [Image co-localization - co-occurrence versus " -"correlation](https://journals.biologists.com/jcs/article/131/3/jcs211847/77151" -"/Image-co-localization-co-occurrence-versus) {cite}`Aaron2018-qi`" +"correlation](https://journals.biologists.com/jcs/article/131/3/jcs211847/77151/Image-" +"co-localization-co-occurrence-versus) {cite}`Aaron2018-qi`" msgstr "" +"📄 [画像の共局在化 - 共起 vs " +"相関](https://journals.biologists.com/jcs/article/131/3/jcs211847/77151/Image-" +"co-localization-co-occurrence-versus){cite}`Aaron2018-qi`" + +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Common_types_of_analysis.md:1 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:1 +msgid "Default Caption" +msgstr "デフォルトのキャプション" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Common_types_of_analysis.md:1 msgid "Common types of analysis" -msgstr "" +msgstr "一般的な分析の種類" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Common_types_of_analysis.md:3 msgid "" "In this section, we detail information and tips about some common, very " "useful types of image analysis. We first describe two aspects of " -"morphological analysis. **Morphology** is the study of the appearance, " -"form, and structure of an object and morphological measurements include " -"those based on object **shape** (e.g. cell area) as well as **intensity**" -" (e.g. mean brightness of GFP). After describing shape-based and " -"intensity-based analyses, we also present tips for measuring " -"**colocalization**, **tracking objects**, and **classifying objects**." +"morphological analysis. **Morphology** is the study of the appearance, form," +" and structure of an object and morphological measurements include those " +"based on object **shape** (e.g. cell area) as well as **intensity** (e.g. " +"mean brightness of GFP). After describing shape-based and intensity-based " +"analyses, we also present tips for measuring **colocalization**, **tracking " +"objects**, and **classifying objects**." msgstr "" +"このセクションでは、一般的で非常に便利な画像解析に関する情報とヒントについて詳しく説明します。最初に形態素解析の2つの側面について説明します。**形態学**とは、物体の外観、形態、構造の研究であり、形態学的測定には、物体の**形状**（例：細胞面積）と**強度**（例：GFPの平均輝度）に基づくものが含まれる。形状に基づく解析と強度に基づく解析について説明した後、**局在**測定、**対象物の追跡**、**対象物の分類**に関するヒントも紹介する。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:1 msgid "Data management and sharing" -msgstr "" +msgstr "データの管理と共有" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:3 msgid "What is it?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "それは何ですか？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:5 msgid "" "Both journals and scientific funders have placed more emphasis in recent " -"years on the fact that it is critical to save both the raw data generated" -" during the course of scientific discovery as well as the workflows used " -"to process such data. While mandates to publicly deposit raw image data " -"have recently gone into place in several countries, it can be difficult " -"for researchers to know where to store images, code, and metadata " -"associated with their bioimaging experiments." +"years on the fact that it is critical to save both the raw data generated " +"during the course of scientific discovery as well as the workflows used to " +"process such data. While mandates to publicly deposit raw image data have " +"recently gone into place in several countries, it can be difficult for " +"researchers to know where to store images, code, and metadata associated " +"with their bioimaging experiments." msgstr "" +"ジャーナルと科学助成機関は近年、科学的発見の過程で生成された生データと、そのようなデータを処理するために使用されたワークフローの両方を保存することが重要であるという事実をより重視している。最近、いくつかの国では、生の画像データを公的に寄託することが義務付けられたが、研究者にとっては、バイオイメージング実験に関連する画像、コード、メタデータをどこに保存すればよいかを知ることは難しい。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:0 msgid "🤔 What are my options?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "どのような選択肢がありますか？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:9 msgid "" -"There are many options for storing image data in online repositories. " -"These services make it easy to share and reuse data. The best option will" -" depend on the size of the dataset, the budget for storage, whether there" -" is related non-image data, and how much metadata is available for the " -"dataset. Some options are summarized below:" +"There are many options for storing image data in online repositories. These " +"services make it easy to share and reuse data. The best option will depend " +"on the size of the dataset, the budget for storage, whether there is related" +" non-image data, and how much metadata is available for the dataset. Some " +"options are summarized below:" msgstr "" +"画像データをオンラインリポジトリに保存するオプションは数多くあります。これらのサービスを利用すれば、データの共有や再利用が容易になります。データセットのサイズ，保存のための予算，関連する画像以外のデータの有無，データセットのメタデータの量によって，最適なオプションは異なります．いくつかのオプションを以下にまとめる：" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:0 msgid "Comparison of various data respositories" -msgstr "" +msgstr "様々なデータ・リソースの比較" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:18 msgid "" "**Options for storing bioimaging data** Figure by Beth Cimini (2023) " "[Source](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7628604)" msgstr "" +"**バイオイメージングデータを保存するためのオプション** 図：Beth Cimini (2023) " +"[出典](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7628604)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:24 msgid "" "**Not storing original versions of images**. It is critical that the raw " -"image data be saved and stored. It is very important that these files are" -" not compressed formats (e.g., '.jpeg') or modified from the original " -"files on which analysis was performed. If files are modified, " -"measurements will change and the analysis pipeline will not be " -"reproducible to anyone else." +"image data be saved and stored. It is very important that these files are " +"not compressed formats (e.g., '.jpeg') or modified from the original files " +"on which analysis was performed. If files are modified, measurements will " +"change and the analysis pipeline will not be reproducible to anyone else." msgstr "" +"**オリジナルバージョンの画像を保存しない**。生の画像データを保存・保管することが重要である。これらのファイルが圧縮された形式（例: " +"'.jpeg'）でないこと、または解析が行われた元のファイルから変更されていないことが非常に重要です。ファイルが変更された場合、測定値が変更され、解析パイプラインは他の誰にも再現できなくなります。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:26 msgid "" "**Necessary imaging metadata is unavailable**. In order to properly " -"calibrate measurement data, it's critical that information like pixel " -"size (e.g., in microns), the microscope manufacturer and model, and " -"acquisition settings are included alongside the data. If this isn't " -"included, it will be very difficult to reproduce results or use the " -"combine the data with other datasets." +"calibrate measurement data, it's critical that information like pixel size " +"(e.g., in microns), the microscope manufacturer and model, and acquisition " +"settings are included alongside the data. If this isn't included, it will be" +" very difficult to reproduce results or use the combine the data with other " +"datasets." msgstr "" +"**必要な画像メタデータが利用できません。測定データを適切に校正するためには、ピクセルサイズ（ミクロン単位など）、顕微鏡メーカーとモデル、撮影設定などの情報がデータと共に含まれていることが非常に重要です。これが含まれていないと、結果を再現したり、他のデータセットと組み合わせて使用したりすることが非常に難しくなります。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:32 msgid "🌐 [Zenodo](https://zenodo.org/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 [ゼノド](https://zenodo.org/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:33 msgid "🌐 [Figshare](https://figshare.com)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "FigSo_1F310](https://figshare.com)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:34 msgid "🌐 [Dryad](https://datadryad.org)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ドライアド](https://datadryad.org)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:35 msgid "" "🌐 [Bioimage Archive](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/bioimage-archive/) " "{cite}`Hartley2022-mt`" msgstr "" +"バイオイメージアーカイブ](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/bioimage-archive/){cite}`Hartley2022-mt`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:36 msgid "" "🌐 [Image Data Resource (IDR)](https://idr.openmicroscopy.org/) " "{cite}`Williams2017-yy`" msgstr "" +"Image Data Resource " +"(IDR)](https://idr.openmicroscopy.org/){cite}`Williams2017-yy`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:37 msgid "🌐 [BBBC](https://bbbc.broadinstitute.org/) {cite}`Ljosa2012-fr`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 [BBBC](https://bbbc.broadinstitute.org/){cite}`Ljosa2012-fr`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Data_management.md:38 msgid "" "🌐 [Cell Painting Gallery](https://registry.opendata.aws/cellpainting-" "gallery/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "セル画ギャラリー](https://registry.opendata.aws/cellpainting-gallery/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:1 msgid "General Use Software" -msgstr "" +msgstr "一般用ソフトウェア" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:3 msgid "" -"Tools on this page tend to be relatively multipurpose across a lot of " -"kinds of analyses and/or images. For tools that specialize in certain " -"analysis steps, see the [Specific Use Software](./SpecificUseSoftware.md)" -" page." +"Tools on this page tend to be relatively multipurpose across a lot of kinds " +"of analyses and/or images. For tools that specialize in certain analysis " +"steps, see the [Specific Use Software](./SpecificUseSoftware.md) page." msgstr "" +"このページにあるツールは、多くの種類の解析や画像に対して比較的多目的である傾向があります。特定の分析ステップに特化したツールについては、[Specific" +" Use Software](./SpecificUseSoftware.md)ページを参照してください。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:6 msgid "" "\"logo\" ImageJ" msgstr "" +"\"logo\" イメージジェイ" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:9 msgid "" "[ImageJ](https://imagej.net/) " "{cite}`Schneider2012-gs,Schindelin2012-kk,Rueden2017-ku` is an imaging " "processing program that is capable of operating on a variety of images " -"including multichannel, 3D and time series. It provides a variety of " -"basic imaging processing operations, but it can be complemented with a " -"variety of plugins for more complex tasks." +"including multichannel, 3D and time series. It provides a variety of basic " +"imaging processing operations, but it can be complemented with a variety of " +"plugins for more complex tasks." msgstr "" +"[ImageJ](https://imagej.net/){cite}`Schneider2012-gs,Schindelin2012-kk,Rueden2017-ku`" +" " +"は、マルチチャンネル、3D、時系列を含む様々な画像を操作できる画像処理プログラムです。様々な基本的な画像処理操作を提供しますが、より複雑なタスクのために様々なプラグインで補完することができます。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:0 msgid "What are its disadvantages?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "その欠点は何ですか？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:14 msgid "" "Imaging processing operations are done one at a time, while it has the " "capability of batch processing and creating macros it does require some " "understanding of coding." -msgstr "" +msgstr "画像処理操作は1つずつ行われ、バッチ処理やマクロの作成が可能な反面、ある程度のコーディングの理解が必要となる。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:15 msgid "" -"But while it can open large images, there is a size limit to the size it " -"can handle based on the available memory. And even if it can open large " -"images it can slow down performance." +"But while it can open large images, there is a size limit to the size it can" +" handle based on the available memory. And even if it can open large images " +"it can slow down performance." msgstr "" +"しかし、大きな画像を開くことはできても、使用可能なメモリに基づいて扱えるサイズには限界がある。また、大きな画像を開くことができても、パフォーマンスが低下する可能性がある。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:0 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:0 msgid "How to download/install and learn more?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ダウンロード／インストール方法と詳細は？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:20 msgid "To download ImageJ or its “batteries-included” distribution Fiji go to" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ImageJまたはその \"バッテリーを含む \"ディストリビューションFijiをダウンロードするには、以下にアクセスする。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:24 msgid "🌐 [ImageJ download](https://imagej.net/downloads)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 [ImageJダウンロード](https://imagej.net/downloads)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:26 msgid "" -"For documentation and tutorials on how to use ImageJ as well as a list of" -" available plugins" -msgstr "" +"For documentation and tutorials on how to use ImageJ as well as a list of " +"available plugins" +msgstr "ImageJの使用方法に関するドキュメントとチュートリアル、および利用可能なプラグインのリストは、こちらをご覧ください。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:30 msgid "🌐 [ImageJ basics](https://imagej.net/learn/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ImageJの基本](https://imagej.net/learn/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:34 msgid "" @@ -500,42 +564,49 @@ msgid "" "cdn.com/business4/uploads/imagej/original/2X/b/bcdcd5ba157e07e74dd1964ec81765e708455ed9.png\"" " alt=\"logo\" width=\"30px\"> CellProfiler" msgstr "" +"\"logo\" セルプロファイラー" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:36 msgid "" "[CellProfiler](https://cellprofiler.org/) {cite}`Stirling2021-sg` is a " -"software designed for biologists by biologists; it creates a bridge " -"between image analysis and scientist with no need of computational " -"expertise. It was designed with the idea of an image analysis pipeline in" -" mind: it allows you to take a series of interoperable modules to design " -"your own custom analysis pipeline that can be applied to one or thousands" -" of images, making it suitable for high throughput image analysis." +"software designed for biologists by biologists; it creates a bridge between " +"image analysis and scientist with no need of computational expertise. It was" +" designed with the idea of an image analysis pipeline in mind: it allows you" +" to take a series of interoperable modules to design your own custom " +"analysis pipeline that can be applied to one or thousands of images, making " +"it suitable for high throughput image analysis." msgstr "" +"[CellProfiler](https://cellprofiler.org/){cite}`Stirling2021-sg` " +"は、生物学者による生物学者のために設計されたソフトウェアです。計算の専門知識を必要とせず、画像解析と科学者の橋渡しをします。画像解析パイプラインを念頭に置いて設計されており、一連の相互運用可能なモジュールを用いて、1枚から数千枚の画像に適用可能な独自の解析パイプラインを設計することができ、ハイスループットの画像解析に適している。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:42 msgid "" "CellProfiler can’t handle large images, like whole tissue sections from " -"histology experiments. The image size is currently limited by the " -"available memory on your computer." +"histology experiments. The image size is currently limited by the available " +"memory on your computer." msgstr "" +"CellProfilerは、組織学実験の全組織切片のような大きな画像は扱えません。現在、画像サイズはコンピュータの使用可能なメモリによって制限されています。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:43 msgid "" -"While CellProfiler can perform analysis on 3D images the visualization is" -" limited to a one z-plane at a time via a slider on the viewing window." -msgstr "" +"While CellProfiler can perform analysis on 3D images the visualization is " +"limited to a one z-plane at a time via a slider on the viewing window." +msgstr "CellProfilerは3D画像の解析を行うことができるが、可視化は表示ウィンドウのスライダーを使って一度に1つのz平面に限定される。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:44 -msgid "Also several features of CellProfiler are only available for 2D images." -msgstr "" +msgid "" +"Also several features of CellProfiler are only available for 2D images." +msgstr "また、CellProfilerのいくつかの機能は、2D画像でのみ利用可能である。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:49 msgid "To download CellProfiler" -msgstr "" +msgstr "CellProfilerをダウンロードするには" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:53 msgid "🌐 [CellProfiler download](https://cellprofiler.org/releases)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "CellProfiler ダウンロード](https://cellprofiler.org/releases)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:55 #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:84 @@ -544,27 +615,30 @@ msgstr "" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:172 #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:59 msgid "For documentation examples and tutorials." -msgstr "" +msgstr "ドキュメントのサンプルとチュートリアル" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:59 msgid "" "🌐 [CellProfiler user manual](https://cellprofiler-" -"manual.s3.amazonaws.com/CellProfiler-4.2.4/index.html)" +"manual.s3.amazonaws.com/CellProfiler-4.2.6/index.html)" msgstr "" +"🌐 [CellProfiler ユーザーマニュアル](https://cellprofiler-" +"manual.s3.amazonaws.com/CellProfiler-4.2.6/index.html)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:60 msgid "🌐 [Examples](https://cellprofiler.org/examples)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 [例](https://cellprofiler.org/examples)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:61 msgid "🌐 [Tutorials](https://tutorials.cellprofiler.org/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "チュートリアル](https://tutorials.cellprofiler.org/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:62 msgid "" "🎥 [Video tutorials and " "workshops](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXSm9cHbSZBBy7JkChB32_e3lURUcT3RL)" msgstr "" +"ビデオチュートリアルとワークショップ](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXSm9cHbSZBBy7JkChB32_e3lURUcT3RL)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:66 msgid "" @@ -572,39 +646,44 @@ msgid "" "cdn.com/business4/uploads/imagej/optimized/3X/6/0/6039b2daa4b6b1c32943f63f464cf3c477898bfe_2_750x750.png\"" " alt=\"logo\" width=\"30px\"> QuPath" msgstr "" +"\"logo\" クパス" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:68 msgid "" -"[QuPath](https://qupath.github.io/) {cite}`Bankhead2017-kz` offers a wide" -" set of image analysis tools that can be applied to whole slide images. " -"For that reason it is widely utilized with pathology images, but it can " -"be used with other images as well. QuPath also contains pixel " -"classification tools and can integrate with ImageJ (e.g., for sending " -"{term}`ROIs` between the programs, or for accessing ImageJ plugins)." +"[QuPath](https://qupath.github.io/) {cite}`Bankhead2017-kz` offers a wide " +"set of image analysis tools that can be applied to whole slide images. For " +"that reason it is widely utilized with pathology images, but it can be used " +"with other images as well. QuPath also contains pixel classification tools " +"and can integrate with ImageJ (e.g., for sending {term}`ROIs` between the " +"programs, or for accessing ImageJ plugins)." msgstr "" +"[QuPath](https://qupath.github.io/){cite}`Bankhead2017-kz` " +"は、ホールスライド画像に適用できる幅広い画像解析ツールのセットを提供する。そのため病理画像に広く利用されているが、他の画像にも利用できる。QuPathにはピクセル分類ツールも含まれており、ImageJと統合することができる（例えば、{term}`ROI`をプログラム間で送信したり、ImageJプラグインにアクセスしたりするため）。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:73 msgid "" -"To get the most out of QuPath (especially when analyzing many images), " -"some scripting and knowledge of coding (or adapting other’s code) is " -"necessary" +"To get the most out of QuPath (especially when analyzing many images), some " +"scripting and knowledge of coding (or adapting other’s code) is necessary" msgstr "" +"QuPathを最大限に活用するには（特に多くの画像を分析する場合）、いくつかのスクリプトとコーディングの知識（または他の人のコードを適応させる）が必要です。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:78 msgid "To download QuPath" -msgstr "" +msgstr "QuPathをダウンロードするには" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:82 msgid "🌐 [QuPath download](https://qupath.github.io/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 [QuPathダウンロード](https://qupath.github.io/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:88 msgid "🌐 [QuPath user manual](https://qupath.readthedocs.io/en/stable/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "QuPath ユーザーマニュアル](https://qupath.readthedocs.io/en/stable/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:89 msgid "🎥 [Video tutorials and workshops](https://www.youtube.com/c/qupath)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ビデオチュートリアルとワークショップ](https://www.youtube.com/c/qupath)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:93 msgid "" @@ -612,35 +691,40 @@ msgid "" "content/uploads/2018/07/logo_full_notext600px.png\" alt=\"logo\" " "width=\"30px\"> Icy" msgstr "" +"\"logo\" アイシー" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:95 msgid "" -"[Icy](https://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/) {cite}`De_Chaumont2012-pe` is an" -" out of the box image analysis tools, it utilizes plugins to create " -"visual image analysis protocols that can be shared with other users." +"[Icy](https://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/) {cite}`De_Chaumont2012-pe` is an " +"out of the box image analysis tools, it utilizes plugins to create visual " +"image analysis protocols that can be shared with other users." msgstr "" +"[Icy](https://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/){cite}`De_Chaumont2012-pe` " +"は、すぐに使える画像解析ツールで、プラグインを利用して、他のユーザーと共有できる視覚的な画像解析プロトコルを作成できる。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:102 msgid "Icy interoperability with other softwares is limited to ImageJ" -msgstr "" +msgstr "他のソフトウェアとの相互運用性はImageJに限られる。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:107 msgid "To download Icy" -msgstr "" +msgstr "アイシーをダウンロードするには" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:111 msgid "🌐 [Icy download](https://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/download/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 [アイシー・ダウンロード](https://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/download/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:117 -msgid "🌐 [Icy course and tutorial](https://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/trainings/)" -msgstr "" +msgid "" +"🌐 [Icy course and tutorial](https://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/trainings/)" +msgstr "🌐 [アイシーコースとチュートリアル](https://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/trainings/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:118 msgid "" -"🎥 [Bioimage analysis with Icy " -"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myal9BD6J-k)" -msgstr "" +"🎥 [Bioimage analysis with Icy ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myal9BD6J-k)" +msgstr "Icyによるバイオイメージ解析】(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myal9BD6J-k)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:122 msgid "" @@ -648,44 +732,50 @@ msgid "" "cdn.com/business4/uploads/imagej/optimized/3X/7/4/74273a1f9a663b52053d44c9767ed49193f2170f_2_787x750.png\"" " alt=\"logo\" width=\"30px\"> MIB (Microscopy Image Browser)" msgstr "" +"\"logo\" MIB（顕微鏡画像ブラウザ）" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:124 msgid "" -"[MIB](http://mib.helsinki.fi/index.html) {cite}`Belevich2016-vi` is a " -"user-friendly software for image analysis of multidimensional datasets " -"for both light and electron microscopy. It allows you to use the whole " -"acquired data for its analysis and extraction of morphological features." +"[MIB](http://mib.helsinki.fi/index.html) {cite}`Belevich2016-vi` is a user-" +"friendly software for image analysis of multidimensional datasets for both " +"light and electron microscopy. It allows you to use the whole acquired data " +"for its analysis and extraction of morphological features." msgstr "" +"[MIB](http://mib.helsinki.fi/index.html){cite}`Belevich2016-vi`は、光学顕微鏡および電子顕微鏡の多次元データセットの画像解析のためのユーザーフレンドリーなソフトウェアです。取得したデータ全体を使用して解析し、形態学的特徴を抽出することができます。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:131 msgid "" -"It was created using MATLAB, a standalone packaged version exist, but " -"they do not use the most up-to-date MATLAB releases" -msgstr "" +"It was created using MATLAB, a standalone packaged version exist, but they " +"do not use the most up-to-date MATLAB releases" +msgstr "MATLABを使用して作成されており、スタンドアロンのパッケージ版も存在するが、最新のMATLABリリースは使用されていない。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:136 msgid "To download MIB" -msgstr "" +msgstr "MIBをダウンロードするには" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:140 msgid "🌐 [MIB download](http://mib.helsinki.fi/downloads.html)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 [MIB ダウンロード](http://mib.helsinki.fi/downloads.html)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:146 msgid "" "🌐 [MIB user " "guide](http://mib.helsinki.fi/help/main2/im_browser_user_guide.html)" msgstr "" +"MIB ユーザーガイド](http://mib.helsinki.fi/help/main2/im_browser_user_guide.html)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:147 msgid "🌐 [Tutorials](http://mib.helsinki.fi/tutorials.html)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "チュートリアル](http://mib.helsinki.fi/tutorials.html)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:148 msgid "" "🎥 [Video " "tutorials](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLGkFvW985wz8cj8CWmXOFkXpvoX_HwXzj)" msgstr "" +"ビデオチュートリアル](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLGkFvW985wz8cj8CWmXOFkXpvoX_HwXzj)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:152 msgid "" @@ -693,41 +783,52 @@ msgid "" "cdn.com/business4/uploads/imagej/optimized/3X/7/7/775e83f70639e1cb7cb299d8681d272e18718089_2_750x750.png\"" " alt=\"logo\" width=\"30px\"> napari" msgstr "" +"\"logo\" ナパリ" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:154 msgid "" -"[napari](https://napari.org/) {cite}`Sofroniew2022-nd` is being developed" -" as a multi-dimensional image viewer that can be expanded via a variety " -"of plugins to perform basic and complex image analysis tasks." +"[napari](https://napari.org/) {cite}`Sofroniew2022-nd` is being developed as" +" a multi-dimensional image viewer that can be expanded via a variety of " +"plugins to perform basic and complex image analysis tasks." msgstr "" +"[napari](https://napari.org/){cite}`Sofroniew2022-nd` " +"は、基本的な画像解析から複雑な画像解析まで、様々なプラグインによって拡張可能な多次元画像ビューアとして開発されている。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:161 msgid "" -"napari is still in the development stages, but it is a very popular " -"platform and already has a variety of plugins and use cases with " -"tutorials available." +"napari is still in the development stages, but it is a very popular platform" +" and already has a variety of plugins and use cases with tutorials " +"available." msgstr "" +"napariはまだ開発段階だが、非常に人気のあるプラットフォームで、すでにさまざまなプラグインや使用例があり、チュートリアルも用意されている。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:166 msgid "To download napari" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ナパリをダウンロードするには" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:170 msgid "" "🌐 [napari bundled app download " -"](https://napari.org/stable/tutorials/fundamentals/installation.html" -"#install-as-a-bundled-app)" +"](https://napari.org/stable/tutorials/fundamentals/installation.html#install-" +"as-a-bundled-app)" msgstr "" +"🌐 " +"[ナパリバンドルアプリダウンロード](https://napari.org/stable/tutorials/fundamentals/installation.html#install-" +"as-a-bundled-app)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:176 msgid "" "🌐 [New to napari guide " "](https://napari.org/stable/tutorials/fundamentals/getting_started.html)" msgstr "" +"🌐 " +"[初めてのナパリガイド](https://napari.org/stable/tutorials/fundamentals/getting_started.html)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:177 msgid "🌐 [Tutorials](https://napari.org/stable/tutorials/index.html)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "チュートリアル](https://napari.org/stable/tutorials/index.html)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/GeneralUseSoftware.md:178 msgid "" @@ -735,100 +836,111 @@ msgid "" "series](https://focalplane.biologists.com/category/blog-series/bio-image-" "analysis-with-napari/)" msgstr "" +"🌐 [Napariによる生体画像解析 - " +"FocalPlaneブログシリーズ](https://focalplane.biologists.com/category/blog-" +"series/bio-image-analysis-with-napari/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:1 msgid "Intensity measurements" -msgstr "" +msgstr "強度測定" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:3 msgid "What are intensity measurements?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "インテンシティ測定とは？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:4 msgid "" -"Intensity refers to the brightness of signal for a fluorescent label. " -"Using intensity measurements, we can infer a relative amount of " -"fluorophore or stain. So for instance, if you have a protein tagged with " -"a fluorophore, you can measure the intensity of that fluorophore to get a" -" relative measure of how much protein is present in your sample. " -"Intensity measurements include the following (non-exhaustive) and can be " -"measured within an image, in a object like a cell, in subregions of an " -"object:" +"Intensity refers to the brightness of signal for a fluorescent label. Using " +"intensity measurements, we can infer a relative amount of fluorophore or " +"stain. So for instance, if you have a protein tagged with a fluorophore, you" +" can measure the intensity of that fluorophore to get a relative measure of " +"how much protein is present in your sample. Intensity measurements include " +"the following (non-exhaustive) and can be measured within an image, in a " +"object like a cell, in subregions of an object:" msgstr "" +"強度とは、蛍光ラベルのシグナルの明るさのことである。強度を測定することで、蛍光標識や染色 " +"の相対的な量を推測することができる。例えば、蛍光色素でタグ付けされたタンパク質がある場合、その蛍光色素の強度を測定することで、サンプル中にどれだけのタンパク質が存在するかを相対的に測定することができます。強度測定には以下のようなものがあり（網羅的ではありません）、画像内、細胞などの物体内、物体のサブ領域で測定できます：" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:5 msgid "**Mean intensity**: the average intensity across all pixels" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**平均強度**：全ピクセルの平均強度" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:6 msgid "" "**Integrated intensity**: the sum of pixel intensities, a proxy for the " "total amount of that marker in an object" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**Integrated intensity**: ピクセルの強度の合計。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:7 msgid "**Texture measurements**: the smoothness of the intensities" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**テクスチャー測定**：強度の滑らかさ" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:13 msgid "" -"Intensity is relatively straightforward to measure, but can be quite " -"tricky to do _correctly_ (see below). We strongly suggest you contact an " -"image analysis expert before proceeding with this type of analysis " -"because there are so many places things can go wrong. In general, you " -"want to measure on either raw images, or illumination-corrected images, " -"but in general with minimal {term}`image processing`. Illumination-" -"correction is a form of {term}`image processing` to compensate for the " -"uneven pattern of illumination produced by most light sources where the " -"middle of the field of illumination is brighter than the edges. Then " -"intensity measurements can be made in any standard image analysis " -"software, either across the whole image or in identified objects. See " -"below for an example workflow:" -msgstr "" +"Intensity is relatively straightforward to measure, but can be quite tricky " +"to do _correctly_ (see below). We strongly suggest you contact an image " +"analysis expert before proceeding with this type of analysis because there " +"are so many places things can go wrong. In general, you want to measure on " +"either raw images, or illumination-corrected images, but in general with " +"minimal {term}`image processing`. Illumination-correction is a form of " +"{term}`image processing` to compensate for the uneven pattern of " +"illumination produced by most light sources where the middle of the field of" +" illumination is brighter than the edges. Then intensity measurements can be" +" made in any standard image analysis software, either across the whole image" +" or in identified objects. See below for an example workflow:" +msgstr "" +"強度の測定は比較的簡単ですが、正確に行うにはかなり厄介です（下記参照）。この種の分析を行う前に、画像分析の専門家にご相談されることを強くお勧めします。一般的には、生画像、または照明補正された画像のどちらかで計測を行いたいものですが、一般的には{term}`画像処理`" +" は最小限に抑えたいものです。イルミネーション補正は、{term}`画像処理` " +"の一形態で、ほとんどの光源によって生成されるイルミネーションの不均一なパターンを補正するためのものである。その後、標準的な画像解析ソフトウェアで、画像全体または特定オブジェクトの強度を測定することができます。ワークフローの例は以下を参照：" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:35 msgid "" "To understand saturation another way, imagine you’re trying to measure " -"average male height with a 2 meter tape measure. If our sample contains " -"men that are taller than 2 meters, we can’t tell _how much taller_ than 6" -" feet they are; they’re like saturated pixels that exceed the intensity " -"we can detect. This saturation of our measurement tool means we can’t " -"accurately report average height." +"average male height with a 2 meter tape measure. If our sample contains men " +"that are taller than 2 meters, we can’t tell _how much taller_ than 6 feet " +"they are; they’re like saturated pixels that exceed the intensity we can " +"detect. This saturation of our measurement tool means we can’t accurately " +"report average height." msgstr "" +"飽和を別の方法で理解するには、2メートルの巻き尺で男性の平均身長を測ろうとしていると想像してください。サンプルに2メートルより背の高い男性が含まれていた場合、彼らが6フィートよりどれくらい背が高いのかはわからない。このように測定ツールが飽和してしまうため、平均身長を正確に報告することができないのです。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:38 msgid "" -"**Saturation** Saturated pixels are so bright their intensity values max " -"out our detector (camera). If you have saturated pixels in the cells " -"you’re trying to measure, you really can’t do most intensity " -"measurements. This is because for saturated pixels, you don’t know how " -"bright they really are, just that they’re brighter than you can detect. " -"There are some intensity measurements that are robust to some saturation." -" For example, the median intensity of an image won’t be affected by " -"saturation unless you have >½ the image saturated. But measurements like " -"mean intensity will be affected by saturation." +"**Saturation** Saturated pixels are so bright their intensity values max out" +" our detector (camera). If you have saturated pixels in the cells you’re " +"trying to measure, you really can’t do most intensity measurements. This is " +"because for saturated pixels, you don’t know how bright they really are, " +"just that they’re brighter than you can detect. There are some intensity " +"measurements that are robust to some saturation. For example, the median " +"intensity of an image won’t be affected by saturation unless you have >½ the" +" image saturated. But measurements like mean intensity will be affected by " +"saturation." msgstr "" +"**飽和** " +"ピクセルは非常に明るいので、その強度値は検出器（カメラ）を最大にします。測定しようとしているセルに飽和ピクセルがある場合、ほとんどの強度測定はできません。飽和ピクセルの場合、実際の明るさはわからず、ただ検出できる明るさより明るいだけだからです。ある程度の飽和に強い強度測定もある。例えば、画像の中央値は、画像の1/2以上が飽和していない限り、飽和の影響を受けません。しかし、平均強度のような測定値は飽和の影響を受ける。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:40 msgid "" -"**Inadequate controls** In most cases, the exact intensity measures you " -"get don’t mean anything biologically in isolation. It’s only by " -"comparison of conditions that we can generate some biological insight. A " -"control condition is therefore **very** important to compare to your " -"experimental condition." +"**Inadequate controls** In most cases, the exact intensity measures you get " +"don’t mean anything biologically in isolation. It’s only by comparison of " +"conditions that we can generate some biological insight. A control condition" +" is therefore **very** important to compare to your experimental condition." msgstr "" +"**不適切なコントロール** " +"ほとんどの場合、得られた正確な強度測定は、単独では生物学的に何の意味もなさない。条件の比較によってのみ、生物学的な洞察を得ることができる。従って、実験条件と比較する対照条件は、**非常に**重要である。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:42 msgid "" -"**Not matching imaging conditions across experimental conditions** " -"Because intensity measures are affected by exposure time, light source " -"intensity, and other factors, it’s very important to match imaging " -"settings across your samples. Relatedly, you should make sure you don’t " -"separate imaging your experimental and control conditions to different " -"days if this can be in any way avoided. Fluorophores can become dimmer " -"over time in samples, which complicates interpretation if different " -"sample types were imaged on different days." +"**Not matching imaging conditions across experimental conditions** Because " +"intensity measures are affected by exposure time, light source intensity, " +"and other factors, it’s very important to match imaging settings across your" +" samples. Relatedly, you should make sure you don’t separate imaging your " +"experimental and control conditions to different days if this can be in any " +"way avoided. Fluorophores can become dimmer over time in samples, which " +"complicates interpretation if different sample types were imaged on " +"different days." msgstr "" +"**強度の測定は、露光時間、光源強度、その他の要因に影響されるため、サンプル間でイメージング設定を一致させることが非常に重要です。また、実験条件と対照条件の撮像を別の日に分けて行うことは、避けられるのであれば避けましょう。蛍光色素はサンプルの時間経過とともに暗くなることがあり、異なるサンプルタイプを異なる日にイメージングした場合、解釈が複雑になります。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Intensity.md:48 msgid "" @@ -836,78 +948,80 @@ msgid "" "measures](https://neubias.github.io/training-" "resources/measure_intensities/index.html)" msgstr "" +"🎓【ノイビアスの強度対策トレーニング教材】(https://neubias.github.io/training-" +"resources/measure_intensities/index.html)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Introduction.md:1 #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:3 #: ../../03_Image_analysis/_notinyet_Image_processing.md:3 #: ../../03_Image_analysis/_notinyet_Image_segmentation.md:3 msgid "Introduction" -msgstr "" +msgstr "はじめに" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Introduction.md:3 msgid "" "Microscopy images are inherently quantitative, which makes them a very " -"powerful data source. As a biologist, image analysis allows you to " -"translate these numbers into insights that answer biological questions. " -"For our purposes, **image analysis** is the process of measuring aspects " -"of biological phenomena captured in microscopy images. Microscopy images " -"are already _inherently quantitative_ in that they are matrices (i.e., " -"grids) of numbers. However, image analysis is the process of turning " -"these raw numbers into biologically interpretable measurements. Image " -"analysis typically involves a series of steps that can be collected into " -"a pipeline or analysis workflow. A simple example workflow is shown " -"below:" -msgstr "" +"powerful data source. As a biologist, image analysis allows you to translate" +" these numbers into insights that answer biological questions. For our " +"purposes, **image analysis** is the process of measuring aspects of " +"biological phenomena captured in microscopy images. Microscopy images are " +"already _inherently quantitative_ in that they are matrices (i.e., grids) of" +" numbers. However, image analysis is the process of turning these raw " +"numbers into biologically interpretable measurements. Image analysis " +"typically involves a series of steps that can be collected into a pipeline " +"or analysis workflow. A simple example workflow is shown below:" +msgstr "" +"顕微鏡画像は本質的に定量的であるため、非常に強力なデータソースとなります。生物学者であれば、画像解析によってこれらの数値を生物学的な疑問に答える洞察に変換することができます。私たちの目的では、**画像解析**とは、顕微鏡画像に写った生物学的現象の側面を測定するプロセスのことです。顕微鏡画像は、数値の行列（グリッド）であるという点で、すでに「本質的に定量的」なものです。しかし、画像解析は、これらの生の数値を生物学的に解釈可能な測定値に変えるプロセスである。画像解析は通常、パイプラインまたは解析ワークフローにまとめられる一連のステップを含む。簡単なワークフロー例を以下に示す：" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Introduction.md:26 msgid "" -"The specifics of your workflow depend on your biological question. Below " -"we present a few common types of analysis for fluorescence microscopy " +"The specifics of your workflow depend on your biological question. Below we " +"present a few common types of analysis for fluorescence microscopy " "experiments. For each, we’ll explain key ideas to understand before you " -"begin, common pitfalls, and links to a few key resources to learn more. " -"We encourage you to think about your analysis strategy even before " -"beginning sample preparation. While not always possible, speaking with an" -" image analysis expert in your local core facility or asking a question " -"on the [image.sc](https://image.sc) forum _before you begin_ can save you" -" a ton of time and headache when it comes to designing an image analysis " -"strategy." +"begin, common pitfalls, and links to a few key resources to learn more. We " +"encourage you to think about your analysis strategy even before beginning " +"sample preparation. While not always possible, speaking with an image " +"analysis expert in your local core facility or asking a question on the " +"[image.sc](https://image.sc) forum _before you begin_ can save you a ton of " +"time and headache when it comes to designing an image analysis strategy." msgstr "" +"ワークフローの詳細は、生物学的課題によって異なります。以下では、蛍光顕微鏡実験の一般的な解析のタイプをいくつか紹介する。それぞれについて、始める前に理解しておくべき重要な考え方、よくある落とし穴、さらに詳しく学ぶためのいくつかの重要なリソースへのリンクを説明します。サンプル調製を始める前から、分析戦略について考えておくことをお勧めします。常に可能とは限りませんが、始める前に、お近くの基幹施設の画像解析エキスパートに話を聞いたり、[image.sc](https://image.sc)フォーラムで質問したりすることで、画像解析戦略の設計にかかる時間と頭痛の種を大幅に節約することができます。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:1 msgid "Resources for learning more" -msgstr "" +msgstr "より多くを学ぶためのリソース" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:7 msgid "**Resource Name**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**リソース名" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:8 msgid "**Link**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**リンク" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:9 msgid "**Brief description**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**簡単な説明" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:10 msgid "🌐 Image.sc {cite}`Rueden2019-qp`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 Image.sc{cite}`Rueden2019-qp`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:11 msgid "[link](https://forum.image.sc/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://forum.image.sc/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:12 msgid "Discussion forum for bioimage analysis software" -msgstr "" +msgstr "バイオ画像解析ソフトウェアに関するディスカッション・フォーラム" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:13 msgid "🌐 Peter Bankhead’s Intro to Bioimage Analysis" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ピーター・バンクヘッド著『バイオイメージ解析入門" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:14 msgid "[link](https://bioimagebook.github.io/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://bioimagebook.github.io/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:15 msgid "" @@ -915,235 +1029,270 @@ msgid "" "questions/answers, exercises with Python and ImageJ, and videos to check " "understanding" msgstr "" +"画像解析の全くの初心者のためのガイドで、組み込みの質問/回答、PythonとImageJを使った練習問題、理解度を確認するためのビデオを含む。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:16 msgid "📖 Bioimage Data Analysis {cite}`Miura2016-wq`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "バイオイメージデータ解析{cite}`Miura2016-wq`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:17 -msgid "[link](https://analyticalscience.wiley.com/do/10.1002/was.00050003/full/bioimagedataanalysis.pdf)" +msgid "" +"[link](https://analyticalscience.wiley.com/do/10.1002/was.00050003/full/bioimagedataanalysis.pdf)" msgstr "" +"[リンク](https://analyticalscience.wiley.com/do/10.1002/was.00050003/full/bioimagedataanalysis.pdf)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:18 msgid "" "A free online textbook introducing various topics by Bioimage Analysis " "experts, edited by Kota Miura" -msgstr "" +msgstr "生体画像解析の専門家による様々なトピックを紹介する無料のオンラインテキスト、三浦孝太編著" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:19 msgid "📄 Reproducible image handling and analysis {cite}`Miura2021-mb`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "📄 再現可能な画像処理と解析{cite}`Miura2021-mb`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:20 msgid "[link](https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/embj.2020105889)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/embj.2020105889)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:21 msgid "" -"An article reviewing major pitfalls in image handling and how to avoid " -"them and create reproducible analysis workflows" -msgstr "" +"An article reviewing major pitfalls in image handling and how to avoid them " +"and create reproducible analysis workflows" +msgstr "画像処理における主な落とし穴と、それを回避して再現可能な分析ワークフローを構築する方法についてレビューした記事。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:22 -msgid "📄 Made to measure: an introduction to quantification in microscopy data" -msgstr "" +msgid "" +"📄 Made to measure: an introduction to quantification in microscopy data" +msgstr "📄 Made to Measure: 顕微鏡データの定量化入門" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:23 msgid "[link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.01657#) {cite}`Culley2023-dj`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.01657#){cite}`Culley2023-dj`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:24 msgid "" "An article describing several common classes of measurements made in " "microscopy data, as well as technical factors that may affect the results" -msgstr "" +msgstr "顕微鏡データで行われるいくつかの一般的な測定クラスと、結果に影響を与える可能性のある技術的要因について説明した論文。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:25 -msgid "" -"📄 A Hitchhiker's guide through the bio-image analysis software universe " -"{cite}`Haase2022-ad`" -msgstr "" +msgid "🌐 Metrics Reloaded" +msgstr "🌐 メトリクスがリロードされました" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:26 -msgid "[link](https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/1873-3468.14451)" -msgstr "" +msgid "[link](https://metrics-reloaded.dkfz.de/)" +msgstr "[リンク](https://metrics-reloaded.dkfz.de/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:27 msgid "" -"An article that gives guidance and a glossary of available image analysis" -" software and packages" -msgstr "" +"An interactive guide to choosing the right metric for your scientific " +"question" +msgstr "科学的な疑問に対して適切な指標を選択するためのインタラクティブガイド" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:28 -msgid "🌐 BioImage Informatics Index" +msgid "" +"📄 A Hitchhiker's guide through the bio-image analysis software universe " +"{cite}`Haase2022-ad`" msgstr "" +"📄 A Hitchhiker's guide through bio-image analysis software " +"universe{cite}`Haase2022-ad`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:29 -msgid "[link](https://biii.eu/)" +msgid "" +"[link](https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/1873-3468.14451)" msgstr "" +"[リンク](https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/1873-3468.14451)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:30 msgid "" +"An article that gives guidance and a glossary of available image analysis " +"software and packages" +msgstr "利用可能な画像解析ソフトウェアとパッケージのガイダンスと用語集を提供する記事" + +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:31 +msgid "🌐 BioImage Informatics Index" +msgstr "🌐 バイオイメージ・インフォマティクス・インデックス" + +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:32 +msgid "[link](https://biii.eu/)" +msgstr "[リンク](https://biii.eu/)" + +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:33 +msgid "" "Repository platform for searching bioimage analysis tools and workflows " "based on the problem, method or software of choice" -msgstr "" +msgstr "バイオイメージ解析ツールやワークフローを、問題や手法、選択したソフトウェアに基づいて検索するためのリポジトリ・プラットフォーム。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:31 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:34 msgid "🎥 iBiology Bioimage Analysis video series" -msgstr "" +msgstr "iBiology バイオイメージ解析ビデオシリーズ" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:32 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:35 msgid "[link](https://youtu.be/1xo4vi6Ub4I)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://youtu.be/1xo4vi6Ub4I)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:33 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:36 msgid "" "Video series that introduces Bioimage analysis, including overviews of " "{term}`image processing`, {term}`segmentation`, tracking, making and " "interpreting measurements, tips and pitfalls" msgstr "" +"バイオイメージ解析を紹介するビデオシリーズ。{term}`画像処理`、{term}`セグメンテーション`、トラッキング、測定値の作成と解釈、ヒントと落とし穴の概要を含む。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:34 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:37 msgid "🌐 Bioimage ANalysis Desktop (BAND)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "バイオイメージ アナリシス デスクトップ (BAND)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:35 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:38 msgid "[link](https://band.embl.de)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://band.embl.de)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:36 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:39 msgid "" "Access to virtual desktops allowing access to bioimage analysis software " "from a browser" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ブラウザからバイオ画像解析ソフトウェアにアクセスできる仮想デスクトップへのアクセス" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:37 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:40 msgid "🌐 Galaxy Imaging Node" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ギャラクシー・イメージング・ノード" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:38 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:41 msgid "[link](https://imaging.usegalaxy.eu/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://imaging.usegalaxy.eu/)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:39 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:42 msgid "" -"A Galaxy node prepopulated with a number of open-source image analysis " -"tools and workflows, making it easy to create and share reproducible FAIR" -" workflows" +"A Galaxy node prepopulated with a number of open-source image analysis tools" +" and workflows, making it easy to create and share reproducible FAIR " +"workflows" msgstr "" +"オープンソースの画像解析ツールやワークフローがあらかじめ用意されたGalaxyノードにより、再現可能なFAIRワークフローを簡単に作成・共有できる。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:40 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:43 msgid "🌐 Image Analysis Training Resources" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 画像解析トレーニング・リソース" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:41 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:44 msgid "[link](https://neubias.github.io/training-resources/index.html)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://neubias.github.io/training-resources/index.html)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:42 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:45 msgid "" -"Image analysis traning resources collected by NEUBIAS, styled based on " -"The Carpentries" -msgstr "" +"Image analysis traning resources collected by NEUBIAS, styled based on The " +"Carpentries" +msgstr "NEUBIASが収集した画像解析のトレーニングリソース。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:43 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:46 msgid "🌐 Bioimage Analysis AwesomeList" -msgstr "" +msgstr "バイオイメージ解析 AwesomeList" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:44 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:47 msgid "[link](https://github.com/hallvaaw/awesome-biological-image-analysis)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://github.com/hallvaaw/awesome-biological-image-analysis)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:45 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:48 msgid "" "A curated [AwesomeList](https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome) of " "resources related to bioimage analysis" msgstr "" +"AwesomeList](https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome)は、バイオイメージ解析に関連するリソースをキュレーションしたものである。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:46 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:49 msgid "🌐 Bioimage Analysis Notebooks" -msgstr "" +msgstr "バイオ画像解析ノート 🌐 バイオ画像解析ノート" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:47 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:50 msgid "[link](https://haesleinhuepf.github.io/BioImageAnalysisNotebooks/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://haesleinhuepf.github.io/BioImageAnalysisNotebooks/)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:48 +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Resources.md:51 msgid "" "A collection of Python Jupyter notebooks for BioImageAnalysis, GPU-" "accelerated image processing, bio-image data science and more" -msgstr "" +msgstr "BioImageAnalysis、GPU加速画像処理、バイオ画像データサイエンスなどのためのPython Jupyterノートブック集" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:1 msgid "Size and Shape measurements" -msgstr "" +msgstr "サイズと形状の測定" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:3 msgid "What are size measurements?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "サイズの測り方は？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:4 msgid "" -"Size measurements describe the dimensions of objects in your image. " -"Common size measurements include:" -msgstr "" +"Size measurements describe the dimensions of objects in your image. Common " +"size measurements include:" +msgstr "サイズ測定は、画像内のオブジェクトの寸法を表します。一般的なサイズ測定には以下が含まれます：" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:6 msgid "" "**Area**: the 2D space an object takes up in the image or the 3D surface " "area of an object" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**面積**：画像内で物体が占める2次元空間、または物体の3次元表面積" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:7 msgid "**Volume**: the 3D space an object takes up in a 3D image" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**ボリューム**：3D画像の中で物体が占める3D空間" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:8 msgid "**Perimeter**: the distance around the edge of an object" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**外周**：物体の端の周りの距離" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:10 msgid "What are shape measurements?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "形状測定とは？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:11 msgid "" "Shape measurements describe the 2D or 3D form of objects in our sample. " "Common shape measurements include:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "形状測定は、サンプル内の物体の2次元または3次元の形状を表します。一般的な形状測定には以下が含まれます：" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:13 msgid "" -"**Circularity**: How round vs. elongated an object is. Formally defined " -"as $circularity = 4pi*{area}/{perimeter}^2$ where 1 is a perfect circle " -"and circularity <1 is a more elongated polygon." +"**Circularity**: How round vs. elongated an object is. Formally defined as " +"$circularity = 4pi*{area}/{perimeter}^2$ where 1 is a perfect circle and " +"circularity <1 is a more elongated polygon." msgstr "" +"**円形度**：物体の丸さと細長さの比較。正式には $circularity = 4pi*{area}/{perimeter}^2$ " +"と定義される。ここで 1 は真円、円形度 <1 はより細長い多角形。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:14 msgid "" -"**Solidity**: how dense vs. wispy/holey an object is. Formally defined as" -" $solidity = area/convex area$ where _convex area_ is akin to the area " -"inside a shape formed by stretching a rubber band around the object." +"**Solidity**: how dense vs. wispy/holey an object is. Formally defined as " +"$solidity = area/convex area$ where _convex area_ is akin to the area inside" +" a shape formed by stretching a rubber band around the object." msgstr "" +"**固さ**：物体の密度と、ささくれや穴の開き具合。正式には$solidity = area/convex area$と定義される。ここで_convex" +" area_とは、物体の周りに輪ゴムを伸ばしてできた形の内側の面積のようなもの。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:20 msgid "" "After segmenting an image to locate the pixels belonging to different " "objects, morphology can be measured readily in many image analysis " -"softwares, like FIJI and CellProfiler. For example, in {term}`Fiji`, " -"after identifying your objects as {term}`ROIs`, be sure to **Analyze > " -"Set Measurements…** and select “Shape Descriptors” then simply measure " -"your {term}`ROIs` with **Analyze > Measure**. In CellProfiler, this is " +"softwares, like FIJI and CellProfiler. For example, in {term}`Fiji`, after " +"identifying your objects as {term}`ROIs`, be sure to **Analyze > Set " +"Measurements…** and select “Shape Descriptors” then simply measure your " +"{term}`ROIs` with **Analyze > Measure**. In CellProfiler, this is " "accomplished using the module MeasureObjectSizeShape." msgstr "" +"画像をセグメンテーションして異なるオブジェクトに属するピクセルを特定した後、FIJI や CellProfiler " +"のような多くの画像解析ソフトでモルフォロジーを簡単に測定することができます。例えば、{term}`Fiji` では、{term}`ROIs` " +"としてオブジェクトを特定した後、必ず **Analyze > Set Measurements...** を行い、\"Shape " +"Descriptors\" を選択し、{term}`ROIs` を **Analyze > Measure** " +"で測定します。CellProfiler では、MeasureObjectSizeShape モジュールを使ってこれを行います。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:25 msgid "" "**Not understanding the limitations of your images**. All biological " -"structures are 3D, but we often analyze 2D images. Often this is still " -"very useful! But the larger and more complex your objects (e.g., neurons " -"in a tissue section), the more limited a 2D view becomes." +"structures are 3D, but we often analyze 2D images. Often this is still very " +"useful! But the larger and more complex your objects (e.g., neurons in a " +"tissue section), the more limited a 2D view becomes." msgstr "" +"**画像の限界を理解していない。すべての生物学的構造は3Dですが、私たちはしばしば2D画像を分析します。多くの場合、これはまだ非常に有用です！しかし、対象が大きく複雑であればあるほど（例えば、組織切片の神経細胞）、2D画像では限界があります。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:26 msgid "" @@ -1152,6 +1301,7 @@ msgid "" "measuring 3D images, be sure to take into account the z-step, which is " "likely larger than the xy pixel size." msgstr "" +"**校正された単位を使用しない**。画像を適切に校正し、最終的な測定値をミクロン（または同様の単位）で表示するようにしてください。3D画像を測定する場合は、xyピクセルサイズよりも大きいであろうzステップを考慮に入れてください。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:31 msgid "" @@ -1160,56 +1310,69 @@ msgid "" "Abnormalities](https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/3/347/htm) " "{cite}`Janssen2022-bm`" msgstr "" +"📄 [Current Methods and Pipelines for Image-Based Quantitation of Nuclear " +"Shape and Nuclear Envelope " +"Abnormalities](https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/3/347/htm){cite}`Janssen2022-bm`" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:32 msgid "" -"🌐 [Description of morphological measurements made by CellProfiler](https" -"://cellprofiler-" +"🌐 [Description of morphological measurements made by " +"CellProfiler](https://cellprofiler-" "manual.s3.amazonaws.com/CellProfiler-4.2.4/modules/measurement.html#id20)" msgstr "" +"CellProfiler による形態学的測定の説明](https://cellprofiler-" +"manual.s3.amazonaws.com/CellProfiler-4.2.4/modules/measurement.html#id20)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Shape.md:33 msgid "" -"🎓 [Plain language description of various morphological measures by " -"Michael " +"🎓 [Plain language description of various morphological measures by Michael " "Wirth](http://www.cyto.purdue.edu/cdroms/micro2/content/education/wirth10.pdf)" msgstr "" +"🎓 " +"[マイケル・ヴィルトによる様々な形態素解析の平易な説明](http://www.cyto.purdue.edu/cdroms/micro2/content/education/wirth10.pdf)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:1 msgid "Open source software" -msgstr "" +msgstr "オープンソースソフトウェア" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:5 msgid "" "When it comes time to select a software program for your image analysis, " -"there are many options, some more general and others highly specialized " -"to specific image modalities or types of experiments. In general, a good " -"place to start exploring is by examining papers in your field and seeing " -"what others have used to analyze similar experiments to your own. It’s " -"important to note that there isn’t one correct answer to \"Which program " -"should I use?\" Depending on your biological question, your images, and " -"your own comfort with coding, there are many options available." +"there are many options, some more general and others highly specialized to " +"specific image modalities or types of experiments. In general, a good place " +"to start exploring is by examining papers in your field and seeing what " +"others have used to analyze similar experiments to your own. It’s important " +"to note that there isn’t one correct answer to \"Which program should I " +"use?\" Depending on your biological question, your images, and your own " +"comfort with coding, there are many options available." msgstr "" +"画像解析のためのソフトウエアを選ぶとき、一般的なものから、特定の画像モダリティや実験の種類に特化したものまで、多くの選択肢があります。一般的には、自分の専門分野の論文を調べ、他の人が自分の実験と同じような実験の解析に何を使っているかを見ることから始めるのがよいでしょう。重要なことは、\"どのプログラムを使うべきか？\"に対する正解は一つではないということです。あなたの生物学的な疑問、イメージ、そしてあなた自身のコーディングの快適さによって、利用可能な選択肢はたくさんあります。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:7 msgid "" "Below, we summarize the use-cases and limitations of some of the most " -"common, free and open-source software for image analysis, this is a small" -" list and more extensive ones exist like the [A Hitchhiker's guide " -"through the bio-image analysis software " +"common, free and open-source software for image analysis, this is a small " +"list and more extensive ones exist like the [A Hitchhiker's guide through " +"the bio-image analysis software " "universe](https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/1873-3468.14451)" -" {cite}`Haase2022-ad` and the [BioImage Informatics " -"Index](https://biii.eu) {cite}`Paul-Gilloteaux2021-vw`." +" {cite}`Haase2022-ad` and the [BioImage Informatics Index](https://biii.eu) " +"{cite}`Paul-Gilloteaux2021-vw`." msgstr "" +"以下に、画像解析のための最も一般的な、フリーでオープンソースのソフトウェアのユースケースと限界をまとめます。これは小さなリストであり、[A " +"Hitchhiker's guide through the bio-image analysis software " +"universe](https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/1873-3468.14451){cite}`Haase2022-ad`" +" や [BioImage Informatics Index](https://biii.eu){cite}`Paul-" +"Gilloteaux2021-vw` のような、より広範なものが存在します。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:9 msgid "" -"Whatever software you choose, be sure to include a detailed description " -"of your analysis in your methods, with pipeline or workflow files if " -"possible, so others can reproduce your work. Also be sure to cite the " -"analysis software you use! This helps developers of the software get " -"grant funding and helps others find useful tools." +"Whatever software you choose, be sure to include a detailed description of " +"your analysis in your methods, with pipeline or workflow files if possible, " +"so others can reproduce your work. Also be sure to cite the analysis " +"software you use! This helps developers of the software get grant funding " +"and helps others find useful tools." msgstr "" +"どのようなソフトウェアを選んだとしても、他の人があなたの研究を再現できるように、可能であればパイプラインファイルやワークフローファイルとともに、あなたのメソッドに分析の詳細な説明を含めるようにしてください。また、使用した解析ソフトを必ず引用してください！これは、ソフトウェアの開発者が助成金を得る助けとなり、他の人が有用なツールを見つける助けとなります。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:17 #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:26 @@ -1221,110 +1384,117 @@ msgstr "" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:80 #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:89 msgid "card-img-top" -msgstr "" +msgstr "カード画像トップ" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:0 msgid "ImageJ" -msgstr "" +msgstr "イメージジェイ" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:21 msgid "" "[ImageJ](https://imagej.net/) is an imaging processing program that is " -"capable of operating on a variety of images including multichannel, 3D " -"and time series. It provides basic imaging processing operations and has " -"a variety of plugins for more complex tasks. [Read " -"more...](content/imagej)" +"capable of operating on a variety of images including multichannel, 3D and " +"time series. It provides basic imaging processing operations and has a " +"variety of plugins for more complex tasks. [Read more...](content/imagej)" msgstr "" +"[ImageJ](https://imagej.net/)は、マルチチャンネル、3D、時系列を含む様々な画像を操作できる画像処理プログラムです。基本的な画像処理操作を提供し、より複雑なタスクのための様々なプラグインを備えています。[続きを読む...](content/imagej)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:0 msgid "CellProfiler" -msgstr "" +msgstr "セルプロファイラー" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:30 msgid "" -"[CellProfiler](https://cellprofiler.org/) was designed with the idea of " -"an image analysis pipeline in mind; it allows you to take a series of " -"interoperable modules to design your own custom analysis pipeline that " -"can be applied to one or thousands of images, making it suitable for high" -" throughput image analysis. [Read more...](content/cellprofiler)" +"[CellProfiler](https://cellprofiler.org/) was designed with the idea of an " +"image analysis pipeline in mind; it allows you to take a series of " +"interoperable modules to design your own custom analysis pipeline that can " +"be applied to one or thousands of images, making it suitable for high " +"throughput image analysis. [Read more...](content/cellprofiler)" msgstr "" +"[CellProfiler](https://cellprofiler.org/)は、画像解析パイプラインを念頭に置いて設計された。一連の相互運用可能なモジュールを使って、1枚から数千枚の画像に適用できる独自の解析パイプラインを設計することができ、ハイスループットの画像解析に適している。[続きを読む...](コンテンツ/cellprofiler)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:0 msgid "QuPath" -msgstr "" +msgstr "クパス" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:39 msgid "" "[QuPath](https://qupath.github.io/) offers a wide set of image analysis " -"tools that can be applied to whole slide images like pathology images, " -"but it can be used with other images as well. QuPath also contains pixel " +"tools that can be applied to whole slide images like pathology images, but " +"it can be used with other images as well. QuPath also contains pixel " "classification tools and can integrate with ImageJ. [Read " "more...](content/qupath)" msgstr "" +"[QuPath](https://qupath.github.io/)は、病理画像のようなスライド画像全体に適用できる画像解析ツールの幅広いセットを提供するが、他の画像にも同様に使用できる。QuPathにはピクセル分類ツールも含まれており、ImageJとの統合も可能です。[続きを読む...](content/qupath)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:0 msgid "Icy" -msgstr "" +msgstr "アイシー" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:48 msgid "" -"[Icy](https://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/) is an out of the box image " -"analysis tools, it utilizes plugins to create visual image analysis " -"protocols that can be shared with other users. [Read " -"more...](content/icy)" +"[Icy](https://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/) is an out of the box image analysis" +" tools, it utilizes plugins to create visual image analysis protocols that " +"can be shared with other users. [Read more...](content/icy)" msgstr "" +"[Icy](https://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/)は、すぐに使える画像解析ツールで、プラグインを利用して、他のユーザーと共有できる視覚的な画像解析プロトコルを作成できる。[続きを読む...](content/icy)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:0 msgid "MIB" -msgstr "" +msgstr "MIB" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:57 msgid "" "[MIB](http://mib.helsinki.fi/index.html) is a user-friendly software for " "image analysis of multidimensional datasets for both light and electron " -"microscopy. It allows you to use the whole acquired data for its analysis" -" and extraction of morphological features. [Read more...](content/mib)" +"microscopy. It allows you to use the whole acquired data for its analysis " +"and extraction of morphological features. [Read more...](content/mib)" msgstr "" +"[MIB](http://mib.helsinki.fi/index.html)は、光学顕微鏡および電子顕微鏡の多次元データセットの画像解析のためのユーザーフレンドリーなソフトウェアです。取得した全データを解析や形態学的特徴の抽出に使用することができます。[続きを読む...](content/mib)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:0 msgid "napari" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ナパリ" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:66 msgid "" "[napari](https://napari.org/) is being developed as a multi-dimensional " -"image viewer that can be expanded via a variety of plugins to perform " -"basic and complex image analysis tasks. [Read more...](content/napari)" +"image viewer that can be expanded via a variety of plugins to perform basic " +"and complex image analysis tasks. [Read more...](content/napari)" msgstr "" +"[napari](https://napari.org/)は、基本的な画像解析から複雑な画像解析まで、様々なプラグインによって拡張可能な多次元画像ビューアとして開発されている。[続きを読む...](content/napari)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:0 msgid "Cellpose" -msgstr "" +msgstr "セルポース" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:75 msgid "" -"[Cellpose](https://www.cellpose.org/) is a {term}`segmentation` " -"algorithm, it provides a graphical user interface that allows users to " -"use trained models or train their own using their images and annotations." -" [Read more...](content/cellpose)" +"[Cellpose](https://www.cellpose.org/) is a {term}`segmentation` algorithm, " +"it provides a graphical user interface that allows users to use trained " +"models or train their own using their images and annotations. [Read " +"more...](content/cellpose)" msgstr "" +"[Cellpose](https://www.cellpose.org/)は、{term}`セグメンテーション` " +"アルゴリズムで、ユーザが学習済みモデルを使用したり、画像や注釈を使用して独自のモデルを学習したりできるグラフィカルユーザインターフェースを提供します。[続きを読む...](content/cellpose)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:0 msgid "ilastik" -msgstr "" +msgstr "イラスティック" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:84 msgid "" "[ilastik](https://www.ilastik.org/) is a tool for interactive image " "classification, {term}`segmentation` and analysis. It leverages machine-" -"learning algorithms to perform pixel and object-level classification. " -"Using it requires no experience in {term}`image processing`. [Read " +"learning algorithms to perform pixel and object-level classification. Using " +"it requires no experience in {term}`image processing`. [Read " "more...](content/ilastik)" msgstr "" +"[ilastik](https://www.ilastik.org/)は、インタラクティブな画像分類、{term}`セグメンテーション`と分析のためのツールです。機械学習アルゴリズムを活用し、ピクセルレベルとオブジェクトレベルの分類を行う。{term}`画像処理`の経験は必要ありません。[続きを読む...](コンテンツ/画像)" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:0 msgid "Piximi" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ピクシス" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Software.md:93 msgid "" @@ -1332,64 +1502,75 @@ msgid "" "classification that runs entirely from your browser and requires no " "installation and minimal setup. [Read more...](content/piximi)" msgstr "" +"[Piximi](https://www.piximi.app/)は、注釈と分類のためのアプリケーションで、ブラウザだけで動作し、インストールや最小限の設定を必要としない。" +" [もっと読む...](content/piximi)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:1 msgid "Specific Use Software" -msgstr "" +msgstr "特定用途ソフトウェア" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:3 msgid "" -"Tools on this page tend to be extremely good at certain tasks, but are " -"less intended for a wide range of use cases. For tools with broader areas" -" of focus, see the [General Use Software](./GeneralUseSoftware.md) page." +"Tools on this page tend to be extremely good at certain tasks, but are less " +"intended for a wide range of use cases. For tools with broader areas of " +"focus, see the [General Use Software](./GeneralUseSoftware.md) page." msgstr "" +"このページにあるツールは、特定のタスクに非常に優れている傾向がありますが、幅広いユースケースを意図したものではありません。より広い分野に焦点を当てたツールについては、[General" +" Use Software](./GeneralUseSoftware.md)のページを参照してください。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:6 msgid "" -" Cellpose" +"\"logo\" Cellpose" msgstr "" +"\"logo\" セルポース" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:8 msgid "" "[Cellpose](https://www.cellpose.org/) {cite}`Stringer2021-uq` is a " -"{term}`segmentation` algorithm, it provides a graphical user interface " -"that allows users to use trained models or train their own using their " -"images and annotations." +"{term}`segmentation` algorithm, it provides a graphical user interface that " +"allows users to use trained models or train their own using their images and" +" annotations." msgstr "" +"[Cellpose](https://www.cellpose.org/){cite}`Stringer2021-uq` " +"は、{term}`セグメンテーション` " +"アルゴリズムであり、ユーザが学習済みモデルを使用したり、画像や注釈を使用して独自のモデルを学習したりできるグラフィカルユーザインターフェースを提供する。" -#: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md +#: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:0 msgid "What type of image analysis problem is it best at?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "どのような画像解析の問題に最適ですか？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:13 msgid "" "Object {term}`segmentation`, most trained models are for cell " -"{term}`segmentation` but could be applied to segment other similar " -"objects" +"{term}`segmentation` but could be applied to segment other similar objects" msgstr "" +"オブジェクト{term}`セグメンテーション`, " +"ほとんどの学習済みモデルは細胞{term}`セグメンテーション`用だが、他の類似オブジェクトのセグメンテーションにも適用できる。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:20 msgid "Its use requires some computational knowledge." -msgstr "" +msgstr "その使用には、ある程度の計算知識が必要だ。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:21 msgid "" -"Training a new model requires manual annotation correction that can be " -"time consuming, but is likely less time consuming than other methods of " -"training models." +"Training a new model requires manual annotation correction that can be time " +"consuming, but is likely less time consuming than other methods of training " +"models." msgstr "" +"新しいモデルをトレーニングするには、手動でアノテーションを修正する必要があり、時間がかかることがあるが、モデルをトレーニングする他の方法よりは時間がかからないと思われる。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:28 msgid "" "🌐 [Installation " "instructions](https://cellpose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html)" msgstr "" +"🌐 [取り付け説明書](https://cellpose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:29 msgid "🎥 [How to use tutorial](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qANHWoubZU)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "使い方チュートリアル](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qANHWoubZU)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:33 msgid "" @@ -1397,15 +1578,18 @@ msgid "" "cdn.com/business4/uploads/imagej/original/3X/9/f/9f5be5e138c63bc6a50be0bb0027b8eef0194935.png\"" " alt=\"logo\" width=\"30px\"> ilastik" msgstr "" +"\"logo\" イラスティック" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:35 msgid "" "[ilastik](https://www.ilastik.org/) {cite}`Berg2019-no` is a tool for " "interactive image classification, {term}`segmentation` and analysis. It " "leverages machine-learning algorithms to perform pixel and object-level " -"classification. Using it requires no experience in {term}`image " -"processing`." +"classification. Using it requires no experience in {term}`image processing`." msgstr "" +"[ilastik](https://www.ilastik.org/){cite}`Berg2019-no`は、インタラクティブな画像分類、{term}`セグメンテーション`、解析のためのツールです。機械学習アルゴリズムを活用して、ピクセルレベルとオブジェクトレベルの分類を行う。{term}`画像処理`の経験は必要ありません。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:40 msgid "" @@ -1414,32 +1598,37 @@ msgid "" "tracking, though with somewhat fewer tunable parameters than some other " "tools offer." msgstr "" +"インスタンス{term}`セグメンテーション`とセマンティック{term}`セグメンテーション`の両方に使うことができる。また、{term}`セグメンテーション`" +" とトラッキングも行うが、他のツールに比べると調整可能なパラメータがやや少ない。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:47 msgid "" -"Sometimes loading or exporting images can require a bit of " -"troubleshooting to get the dimensions correct." -msgstr "" +"Sometimes loading or exporting images can require a bit of troubleshooting " +"to get the dimensions correct." +msgstr "画像の読み込みや書き出しには、寸法を正しくするためにちょっとしたトラブルシューティングが必要になることがあります。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:48 msgid "" -"ilastik is limited by your computer’s RAM so training a model with lots " -"of features or working with very large images is likely to slow you down." +"ilastik is limited by your computer’s RAM so training a model with lots of " +"features or working with very large images is likely to slow you down." msgstr "" +"ilastikはコンピュータのRAMによって制限されるため、多くの機能を持つモデルをトレーニングしたり、非常に大きな画像を扱うと、動作が遅くなる可能性があります。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:53 msgid "To download ilastik:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ilastikをダウンロードする：" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:57 msgid "🌐 [ilastik download ](https://www.ilastik.org/download.html)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 [イラスティック・ダウンロード](https://www.ilastik.org/download.html)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:63 msgid "" "🌐 [User guide](https://www.ilastik.org/documentation/index.html#user-" "documentation)" msgstr "" +"🌐 [ユーザーガイド](https://www.ilastik.org/documentation/index.html#user-" +"documentation)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:67 msgid "" @@ -1447,6 +1636,9 @@ msgid "" "cdn.com/business4/uploads/imagej/original/3X/3/f/3fe4d974194caabdb61a5574e24402db8484ab9b.png\"" " alt=\"logo\" width=\"30px\"> Piximi" msgstr "" +"\"logo\" ピクシス" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:70 msgid "" @@ -1454,134 +1646,154 @@ msgid "" "classification that runs entirely from your browser and requires no " "installation and minimal setup." msgstr "" +"[Piximi](https://www.piximi.app/)は注釈と分類のためのアプリケーションで、ブラウザだけで動作し、インストールや最小限の設定を必要としない。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:75 msgid "Piximi can do image classification using machine learning" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Piximiは機械学習を使って画像分類ができる" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:82 msgid "" -"It is still in the developing phases and some of its proposed features " -"are not available yet" -msgstr "" +"It is still in the developing phases and some of its proposed features are " +"not available yet" +msgstr "まだ開発段階であり、提案されている機能のいくつかはまだ利用できない。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:89 msgid "🌐 [Piximi website ](https://www.piximi.app/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "🌐 [ピクシミウェブサイト](https://www.piximi.app/)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/SpecificUseSoftware.md:90 msgid "🌐 [Piximi user guide ](https://documentation.piximi.app/intro.html)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ピクシミユーザーガイド】(https://documentation.piximi.app/intro.html)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md:1 msgid "Object tracking" -msgstr "" +msgstr "物体追跡" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md:3 msgid "What is tracking?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "トラッキングとは何か？" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md:4 msgid "" "Tracking, or _object tracking_, refers to the ability to estimate the " "location of objects in motion from one frame of video to the next. " -"Practically, object tracking in microscopy involves identifying your " -"objects in each frame of your video, then relating objects from frame to " -"frame to be able to identify the same cell as it moves in space." +"Practically, object tracking in microscopy involves identifying your objects" +" in each frame of your video, then relating objects from frame to frame to " +"be able to identify the same cell as it moves in space." msgstr "" +"トラッキング（オブジェクトトラッキング）とは、ビデオのあるフレームから次のフレームへ、動いているオブジェクトの位置を推定する能力のことです。実際、顕微鏡検査におけるオブジェクトトラッキングは、ビデオの各フレームでオブジェクトを識別し、フレーム間でオブジェクトを関連付け、同じ細胞が空間内で移動する際に識別できるようにします。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md:10 msgid "" "There are several options for tracking objects, like the " -"[TrackMate](https://imagej.net/plugins/trackmate/) {cite}`Tinevez2017-fb`" -" plugin in Fiji, but tracking is somewhat more complex to setup than the " -"previous analyses. In addition to just identifying objects in the " -"movie/time series, tracking also allows you to identify splitting (e.g. " -"mitosis) and merging events. There are many measurements that come out of" -" tracking, including spatial measures like where the objects move to, " -"speed measurements, distance traveled (length of track), and rate of " -"splitting events (e.g., mitotic events) and merging events." -msgstr "" +"[TrackMate](https://imagej.net/plugins/trackmate/) {cite}`Tinevez2017-fb` " +"plugin in Fiji, but tracking is somewhat more complex to setup than the " +"previous analyses. In addition to just identifying objects in the movie/time" +" series, tracking also allows you to identify splitting (e.g. mitosis) and " +"merging events. There are many measurements that come out of tracking, " +"including spatial measures like where the objects move to, speed " +"measurements, distance traveled (length of track), and rate of splitting " +"events (e.g., mitotic events) and merging events." +msgstr "" +"Fijiの[TrackMate](https://imagej.net/plugins/trackmate/){cite}`Tinevez2017-fb`" +" " +"プラグインのように、オブジェクトをトラッキングするためのオプションはいくつかありますが、トラッキングはこれまでの解析よりも設定がやや複雑です。ムービー/時系列内のオブジェクトを識別するだけでなく、トラッキングによって分裂（例えば有糸分裂）や結合イベントを識別することもできます。オブジェクトがどこに移動したかというような空間的な測定、スピード測定、移動距離（トラックの長さ）、分裂イベント（例：有糸分裂イベント）や合体イベントの割合など、トラッキングから得られる測定はたくさんあります。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md:15 msgid "" "**Poor {term}`segmentation`** If objects are dropping out from frame to " "frame, this makes it more difficult to track them over time. Accurate " -"{term}`segmentation` is the foundation of good tracking results. This can" -" become more difficult if your objects are also changing in shape or " -"intensity (due to things such as bleaching) over the course of the video." -" It’s important to find a {term}`segmentation` strategy that can work " -"well across your frames." +"{term}`segmentation` is the foundation of good tracking results. This can " +"become more difficult if your objects are also changing in shape or " +"intensity (due to things such as bleaching) over the course of the video. " +"It’s important to find a {term}`segmentation` strategy that can work well " +"across your frames." msgstr "" +"**Poor{term}`segmentation`** " +"もしオブジェクトがフレームからフレームへと脱落している場合、時間の経過とともにそれらを追跡することが難しくなります。正確な{term}`セグメンテーション`は良いトラッキング結果の基礎です。オブジェクトの形状や強度が（ブリーチなどにより）動画の中で変化している場合、トラッキングはより難しくなります。{term}" +" 、フレーム間でうまく機能する`セグメンテーション`戦略を見つけることが重要です。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md:16 msgid "" -"**Inadequate frame rate** If objects are highly dynamic but the images " -"were not taken at a high frequency, tracking can be difficult because " -"objects might have moved too much for the algorithm to relate them from " -"one frame to the next. It is important to match the image acquisition " -"frequency to how dynamic your cells or objects are." +"**Inadequate frame rate** If objects are highly dynamic but the images were " +"not taken at a high frequency, tracking can be difficult because objects " +"might have moved too much for the algorithm to relate them from one frame to" +" the next. It is important to match the image acquisition frequency to how " +"dynamic your cells or objects are." msgstr "" +"**オブジェクトが非常にダイナミックであるにもかかわらず、画像が高い頻度で撮 " +"影されていない場合、トラッキングが困難になることがある。画像取得の頻度を細胞やオブジェクトのダイナミックさに合わせることが重要です。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md:22 msgid "" "📄 [Computerized Cell " "Tracking](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468502X20300711)" msgstr "" +"📄 " +"[コンピューターによる細胞追跡](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468502X20300711)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/Tracking.md:23 msgid "" -"🌐 [TrackMate Manual](https://imagej.net/media/plugins/trackmate" -"/trackmate-manual.pdf)" +"🌐 [TrackMate Manual](https://imagej.net/media/plugins/trackmate/trackmate-" +"manual.pdf)" msgstr "" +"トラックメイトマニュアル](https://imagej.net/media/plugins/trackmate/trackmate-" +"manual.pdf)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/_notinyet_Common_pitfalls.md:1 msgid "Common pitfalls" -msgstr "" +msgstr "よくある落とし穴" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/_notinyet_Common_pitfalls.md:3 msgid "" -"In addition to the mistakes we summarize for common image analysis tasks," -" here we present a general list of common mistakes for beginners to image" -" analysis. For each, we explain why this is a problem and make " -"suggestions for how to avoid these issues." +"In addition to the mistakes we summarize for common image analysis tasks, " +"here we present a general list of common mistakes for beginners to image " +"analysis. For each, we explain why this is a problem and make suggestions " +"for how to avoid these issues." msgstr "" +"一般的な画像解析タスクについてまとめた間違いに加え、ここでは画像解析初心者によくある間違いの一般的なリストを紹介します。それぞれについて、なぜそれが問題なのかを説明し、これらの問題を回避する方法を提案します。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/_notinyet_Common_pitfalls.md:5 msgid "Changing your image bit depth" -msgstr "" +msgstr "画像のビット深度を変更する" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/_notinyet_Common_pitfalls.md:7 msgid "" -"Let's say you've opened your image in {term}`Fiji` and you want to " -"process it in some way (e.g., maximum intensity projection, splitting " -"channels, etc.) before saving it out to measure somewhere else. You go to" -" `Image` > `Type` > `RGB (Color)` since you want a color image to import " -"into your next analysis software and then save the resulting image. " -"What's the problem with this? By making this change, even if the image " -"looks exactly the same to your eyes, you've actually inadvertently " -"changed the intensity values quite a bit! Let's take a look at an " -"example. In Fiji there are several built-in example images. Let's open " -"neuron.tif (you can follow along by going to `File` > `Open Samples...` >" -" `Neuron (5 channels)`." -msgstr "" +"Let's say you've opened your image in {term}`Fiji` and you want to process " +"it in some way (e.g., maximum intensity projection, splitting channels, " +"etc.) before saving it out to measure somewhere else. You go to `Image` > " +"`Type` > `RGB (Color)` since you want a color image to import into your next" +" analysis software and then save the resulting image. What's the problem " +"with this? By making this change, even if the image looks exactly the same " +"to your eyes, you've actually inadvertently changed the intensity values " +"quite a bit! Let's take a look at an example. In Fiji there are several " +"built-in example images. Let's open neuron.tif (you can follow along by " +"going to `File` > `Open Samples...` > `Neuron (5 channels)`." +msgstr "" +"例えば、{term}`Fiji` " +"で画像を開き、他の場所で測定するために保存する前に、何らかの処理（最大輝度投影、チャンネル分割など）をしたいとします。次の解析ソフトにインポートするためにカラー画像が欲しいので、`Image`" +" > `Type` > `RGB (Color)` " +"と進み、その結果できた画像を保存します。これの何が問題なのでしょうか？この変更によって、あなたの目にはまったく同じ画像に見えても、実はうっかりして強度値をかなり変更してしまっているのです！例を見てみましょう。Fijiには、いくつかのサンプル画像が組み込まれています。neuron.tifを開いてみましょう（`File`" +" > `Open Samples...` > `Neuron (5 channels)`でたどれます）。" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/_notinyet_Common_pitfalls.md:9 msgid "" -"Here's how the image opens. There are 5 channels, but let's just look at " -"the first one: ![image](https://user-" +"Here's how the image opens. There are 5 channels, but let's just look at the" +" first one: ![image](https://user-" "images.githubusercontent.com/28116530/206793825-364998d4-6043-4b1d-8438-0a5b37b97232.png)" msgstr "" +"画像の開き方はこうだ。チャンネルは5つあるが、ここでは最初のチャンネルだけを見てみよう： ![image](https://user-" +"images.githubusercontent.com/28116530/206793825-364998d4-6043-4b1d-8438-0a5b37b97232.png)" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/_notinyet_Common_pitfalls.md:9 msgid "image" -msgstr "" +msgstr "イメージ" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/_notinyet_Image_processing.md:1 msgid "Image Processing" -msgstr "" +msgstr "画像処理" #: ../../03_Image_analysis/_notinyet_Image_segmentation.md:1 msgid "Image Segmentation" -msgstr "" - +msgstr "画像分割" diff --git a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/04_Data_presentation.po b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/04_Data_presentation.po index 5a54e26db..312e29c5a 100644 --- a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/04_Data_presentation.po +++ b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/04_Data_presentation.po @@ -1,93 +1,98 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. -# Copyright (C) 2023 +# Copyright (C) 2024 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. -# FIRST AUTHOR , 2023. -# +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +# Translators: +# Beth Cimini, 2024 +# #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Python \n" +"Project-Id-Version: Python\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-06-28 07:29-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" -"Language: ja\n" -"Language-Team: ja \n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-03-29 15:03+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-02 18:49+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Beth Cimini, 2024\n" +"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/center-for-open-bioimage-analysis/teams/169123/ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Generated-By: Babel 2.12.1\n" +"Language: ja\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Introduction.md:1 #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:3 #: ../../04_Data_presentation/_notinyet_Presentation_graphs.md:3 msgid "Introduction" -msgstr "" +msgstr "はじめに" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Introduction.md:3 msgid "" "When presenting microscopy image data in biology and biomedicine, it's " -"important to consider the quality of the images, the labeling and " -"annotation of important features, and the overall visual appeal. This " -"also applies to diagrams and plots which convey numerical data derived " -"from microscopy images. Chart types must in addition be suitable for the " -"specific data that is being conveyed to not mislead audiences. This " -"applies to image data in scientific posters, talk-slides, or " -"publications." +"important to consider the quality of the images, the labeling and annotation" +" of important features, and the overall visual appeal. This also applies to " +"diagrams and plots which convey numerical data derived from microscopy " +"images. Chart types must in addition be suitable for the specific data that " +"is being conveyed to not mislead audiences. This applies to image data in " +"scientific posters, talk-slides, or publications." msgstr "" +"生物学や生物医学の分野で顕微鏡画像データを提示する場合、画像の品質、重要な特徴のラベリングや注釈、全体的な視覚的アピールなどを考慮することが重要です。これは、顕微鏡画像から得られた数値データを伝えるダイアグラムやプロットにも当てはまります。さらに、図表の種類は、読者に誤解を与えないよう、伝達される特定のデータに適したものでなければならない。これは、科学ポスター、トークスライド、出版物の画像データにも適用されます。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:1 msgid "Presentation of microscopy images" -msgstr "" +msgstr "顕微鏡画像のプレゼンテーション" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:3 #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:9 #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:34 #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:57 msgid "What is it?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "それは何ですか？" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:5 msgid "" "Microscopy images are often shown in scientific papers to illustrate a " -"particular conclusion. While qualitative conclusions are not a subsitute " -"for quantitative comparisons (see next section), images can certainly " -"guide our reasoning and our conclusions. Following a few consistent best " -"practices ensures that these conclusions are correct and robust." +"particular conclusion. While qualitative conclusions are not a subsitute for" +" quantitative comparisons (see next section), images can certainly guide our" +" reasoning and our conclusions. Following a few consistent best practices " +"ensures that these conclusions are correct and robust." msgstr "" +"科学論文ではしばしば、特定の結論を説明するために顕微鏡画像が示される。定性的な結論は定量的な比較の代用にはならないが（次項参照）、画像は確かに推論と結論を導くことができる。いくつかの一貫したベストプラクティスに従うことで、これらの結論が正しく確実なものとなる。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:14 msgid "10 tips for image presentation" -msgstr "" +msgstr "画像プレゼンテーションの10のヒント" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:14 msgid "" "**A brief visual summary of image presentation tips.** Figure by Helena " "Jambor. [Source](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7750259)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**ヘレナ・ジャンボールによる図。[Source](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7750259)" -#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md +#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:0 msgid "Adjust the image crop, orientation, and size." -msgstr "" +msgstr "画像の切り抜き、向き、サイズを調整する。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:18 msgid "" -"For any adjustments, work with an image copy and do not alter the " -"original file. Note, do not use adjusted images for quantitative image " -"data analyses Adjustments to effectively communicate the image content " -"may include removing uninformative image regions (crop), changing the " -"image orientation, and adjusting the size. Note that rotation and re-" -"sizing may change the image data when pixel information is redistributed." +"For any adjustments, work with an image copy and do not alter the original " +"file. Note, do not use adjusted images for quantitative image data analyses" +" Adjustments to effectively communicate the image content may include " +"removing uninformative image regions (crop), changing the image orientation," +" and adjusting the size. Note that rotation and re-sizing may change the " +"image data when pixel information is redistributed." msgstr "" +"どのような調整でも、画像のコピーで作業し、元のファイルに手を加えないこと。注意：定量的な画像データ分析には、調整した画像を使用しないでください。 " +"画像の内容を効果的に伝えるための調整には、情報量の少ない画像領域の削除（切り抜き）、画像の向きの変更、サイズの調整などがあります。回転やサイズの変更は、画素情報が再配布される際に画像データを変更する可能性があることに注意する。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:17 msgid "rotation" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ローテーション" -#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md +#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:0 msgid "🤔 How do I do it?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "どうすればいいですか？" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:25 #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:43 @@ -95,77 +100,82 @@ msgstr "" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:82 #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:98 msgid "See the [cheat-sheet below](image-cheat-sheet) for more information." -msgstr "" +msgstr "詳しくは[以下のチートシート](image-cheat-sheet)を参照。" -#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md -#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md +#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:0 +#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:0 msgid "⚠️ Where can things go wrong?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "⚠️ どこでうまくいかなくなるのか？" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:28 msgid "Any adjustments that alter the conclusions are not permitted." -msgstr "" +msgstr "結論を変えるような調整は許されない。" -#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md -#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md +#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:0 +#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:0 msgid "📚🤷‍♀️ Where can I learn more?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "📚🤷‍♀️ もっと詳しく知りたいのですが？" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:31 msgid "" "📄 [Reproducible image handling and " "analysis](https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020105889) {cite}`Miura2021-mb`" msgstr "" +"📄 " +"[再現可能な画像の取り扱いと解析](https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020105889){cite}`Miura2021-mb`" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:32 #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:49 -#, python-format msgid "" -"📄 [Avoiding Twisted Pixels: Ethical Guidelines for the Appropriate Use " -"and Manipulation of Scientific Digital " -"Images](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11948-010-9201-y) " -"{cite}`Cromey2010-jr`" +"📄 [Avoiding Twisted Pixels: Ethical Guidelines for the Appropriate Use and " +"Manipulation of Scientific Digital " +"Images](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11948-010-9201-y) {cite}`Cromey2010-jr`" msgstr "" +"📄 [Avoiding Twisted " +"Pixels：科学的デジタル画像の適切な利用と操作のための倫理的ガイドライン](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11948-010-9201-y){cite}`Cromey2010-jr`" -#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md +#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:0 msgid "Enhance visibility of image content" -msgstr "" +msgstr "画像コンテンツの視認性を高める" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:37 msgid "" -"Images often do not have regular spaced intensity values. To still " -"display the data visible on a screen/in a figure, adjustments of " -"brightness and contrast are usually necessary." +"Images often do not have regular spaced intensity values. To still display " +"the data visible on a screen/in a figure, adjustments of brightness and " +"contrast are usually necessary." msgstr "" +"画像は多くの場合、強度の値が規則的な間隔を持っていない。スクリーンや図にデータを表示するには、通常、明るさとコントラストの調整が必要である。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:36 msgid "image adjustment" -msgstr "" +msgstr "画像調整" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:46 msgid "" "Any adjustments that result in the disappearance of image details are " "considered misleading {cite}`Cromey2010-jr`. Note that many nonlinear " -"transformations of brightness and contrast are available in image " -"processing software, before using these users should ensure that they " -"faithfully represent the data to avoid accidentally misleading audiences " -"and disclose them as annotations." +"transformations of brightness and contrast are available in image processing" +" software, before using these users should ensure that they faithfully " +"represent the data to avoid accidentally misleading audiences and disclose " +"them as annotations." msgstr "" +"画像の詳細が消えてしまうような調整は、誤解を招くと考えられる{cite}`Cromey2010-jr`.明るさとコントラストの非線形変換は、画像処理ソフトウェアで利用可能である。" -#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md +#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:0 msgid "Use accessible colors" -msgstr "" +msgstr "利用しやすい色を使う" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:54 msgid "" "Fluorescent microscope images are often composed of data from multiple " "wavelengths/color channels. To best visualize molecular structures, " -"individual channels can be shown in separate grayscale images. When " -"colors are chosen to represent the illumination wavelength (blue, green, " -"red, far-red), for example Green-Fluorescent Protein is shown in green " -"color, be reminded that intensity values on a black background reduces " -"the level of detail." +"individual channels can be shown in separate grayscale images. When colors " +"are chosen to represent the illumination wavelength (blue, green, red, far-" +"red), for example Green-Fluorescent Protein is shown in green color, be " +"reminded that intensity values on a black background reduces the level of " +"detail." msgstr "" +"蛍光顕微鏡画像は多くの場合、複数の波長／カラーチャンネルからのデータで構成されている。分子構造を最もよく可視化するために、個々のチャンネルを別々のグレースケール画像で表示することができる。照明波長（青、緑、赤、遠赤）を表す色が選択されている場合、例えば緑色蛍光タンパク質は緑色で表示されますが、黒色背景上の強度値は詳細レベルを低下させることに注意してください。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:56 msgid "" @@ -173,22 +183,26 @@ msgid "" "that structures are visible, i.e., that the overlay does not obstruct " "features and that the colors used are clearly distinguishable." msgstr "" +"チャンネルが \"合成 " +"\"画像にオーバーレイされる場合、作者は構造が見えること、すなわちオーバーレイが特徴を妨げないこと、および使用されている色が明確に区別できることを確認する必要がある。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:53 msgid "multicolor image composition" -msgstr "" +msgstr "マルチカラー画像合成" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:65 msgid "" -"For composite images consider if color combinations are accessible to " -"color-blind audiences (e.g. not combine red with green, but rather " -"magenta and green, see reference below for examples) and possibly " -"additionally show individual channels in grayscale for maximizing " -"accessibility and detail. Tools for color blindness simulation of the " -"images exist in image processing software (ImageJ/Fiji) and visibility of" -" colors in final image figures can be tested with applications such as " -"ColorOracle." +"For composite images consider if color combinations are accessible to color-" +"blind audiences (e.g. not combine red with green, but rather magenta and " +"green, see reference below for examples) and possibly additionally show " +"individual channels in grayscale for maximizing accessibility and detail. " +"Tools for color blindness simulation of the images exist in image processing" +" software (ImageJ/Fiji) and visibility of colors in final image figures can " +"be tested with applications such as ColorOracle." msgstr "" +"合成画像については、色の組み合わせが色覚異常者にとって利用しやすいかどうかを検討し（例えば、赤と緑を組み合わせるのではなく、マゼンタと緑を組み合わせる。" +" " +"画像処理ソフトウェア（ImageJ/Fiji）には、画像の色覚シミュレーションのためのツールがあり、ColorOracleなどのアプリケーションを使用して、最終的な画像図における色の視認性をテストすることができる。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:69 msgid "" @@ -196,266 +210,296 @@ msgid "" "publications](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001161) " "{cite}`Jambor2021-qe`" msgstr "" +"📄 [Creating clear and informative image-based figures for scientific " +"publications](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001161){cite}`Jambor2021-qe`" -#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md +#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:0 msgid "Annotate key image features" -msgstr "" +msgstr "画像の主な特徴に注釈を付ける" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:74 msgid "" -"Each image needs a reference to its physical dimensions. This is " -"typically achieved by including a scale bar with dimensions annotated in " -"the image or the figure legend." -msgstr "" +"Each image needs a reference to its physical dimensions. This is typically " +"achieved by including a scale bar with dimensions annotated in the image or " +"the figure legend." +msgstr "各画像は、その物理的な寸法を参照する必要がある。これは通常、画像または図の凡例に寸法を注釈したスケールバーを含めることによって達成される。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:76 msgid "" "In addition, authors should remember to annotate the colors used, any " -"symbols and arrows used to guide readers, and, if used, the origin of any" -" zoom/inset. If specialized images are shown (time-lapse, volumes, " +"symbols and arrows used to guide readers, and, if used, the origin of any " +"zoom/inset. If specialized images are shown (time-lapse, volumes, " "reconstructions) authors are encouraged to consider annotating important " "information in the figures." msgstr "" +"さらに、著者は、使用した色、読者を誘導するために使用した記号や矢印、使用した場合はズーム／インセットの原点を忘れずに注釈する必要がある。特殊な画像（タイムラプス、ボリューム、再構成）を掲載する場合、著者は図に重要な情報を注釈することを考慮することが推奨される。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:73 msgid "speech bubbles" -msgstr "" +msgstr "吹き出し" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:85 msgid "" -"Lack of details and missing of key explanations will make it impossible " -"for audiences to interpret image data in figures. To unambiguously " -"reference probes consider using terms from the ISAC Probe Tag Dictionary," -" a standardized nomenclature for probers used in cytometry and " -"microscopy." +"Lack of details and missing of key explanations will make it impossible for " +"audiences to interpret image data in figures. To unambiguously reference " +"probes consider using terms from the ISAC Probe Tag Dictionary, a " +"standardized nomenclature for probers used in cytometry and microscopy." msgstr "" +"詳細が欠けていたり、重要な説明が欠けていたりすると、読者は図中の画像データを解釈することができなくなる。 " +"プローブを明確に参照するために、サイトメトリーや顕微鏡で使用されるプローバーの標準的な命名法であるISAC Probe Tag " +"Dictionaryの用語の使用を検討する。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:89 msgid "" -"📄 [ISAC Probe Tag Dictionary: Standardized Nomenclature for Detection and" -" Visualization Labels Used in Cytometry and Microscopy Imaging " +"📄 [ISAC Probe Tag Dictionary: Standardized Nomenclature for Detection and " +"Visualization Labels Used in Cytometry and Microscopy Imaging " "](https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.24224) {cite}`Blenman2021-ki`" msgstr "" +"📄 [ISAC Probe Tag Dictionary：Cytometry and Microscopy Imaging " +"](https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.24224){cite}`Blenman2021-ki`。" -#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md +#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:0 msgid "Explain the image" -msgstr "" +msgstr "イメージを説明する" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:95 msgid "" -"To rapidly orient audiences, a minimal explanatory text should be " -"presented along with images. This includes the figure legend and the " -"methods section in scientific papers or the title of figures in posters " -"and slides. Consider using a controlled vocabulary to reduce ambiguity " -"and increase machine-readability of the descriptions of specimens, " -"tissues, cell lines, and proteins etc. A useful tool is the [RRID " -"(Reseach Resource Identifying " -"Data)index](https://scicrunch.org/resources) , which provides indices for" -" commonly used biological reagents and resources, e.g., plasmids, cell " -"lines and antibodies ." +"To rapidly orient audiences, a minimal explanatory text should be presented " +"along with images. This includes the figure legend and the methods section " +"in scientific papers or the title of figures in posters and slides. Consider" +" using a controlled vocabulary to reduce ambiguity and increase machine-" +"readability of the descriptions of specimens, tissues, cell lines, and " +"proteins etc. A useful tool is the [RRID (Reseach Resource Identifying " +"Data)index](https://scicrunch.org/resources) , which provides indices for " +"commonly used biological reagents and resources, e.g., plasmids, cell lines " +"and antibodies ." msgstr "" +"聴衆を素早く方向づけるために、画像とともに最小限の説明文を提示すべきである。これには、科学論文では図の凡例や方法のセクション、ポスターやスライドでは図のタイトルが含まれる。曖昧さを減らし、標本、組織、細胞株、タンパク質などの記述の機械可読性を高めるために、統制された語彙の使用を検討する。有用なツールとして、[RRID" +" (Reseach Resource Identifying " +"Data)index](https://scicrunch.org/resources)があり、プラスミド、細胞株、抗体など、一般的に使用される生物学的試薬やリソースのインデックスを提供している。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:101 msgid "" -"Missing explanations of image details/methods may result in non-" -"reproducible data and limits the insights from the data." -msgstr "" +"Missing explanations of image details/methods may result in non-reproducible" +" data and limits the insights from the data." +msgstr "画像の詳細や方法についての説明が欠けていると、再現性のないデータとなり、データからの洞察が制限される可能性がある。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:104 msgid "" -"📄 [Replication Study: Biomechanical remodeling of the microenvironment by" -" stromal caveolin-1 favors tumor invasion and " +"📄 [Replication Study: Biomechanical remodeling of the microenvironment by " +"stromal caveolin-1 favors tumor invasion and " "metastasis](https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.45120) {cite}`Sheen2019-bg`" msgstr "" +"📄 " +"【再現研究：間質カベオリン-1による微小環境の生体力学的リモデリングは腫瘍の浸潤と転移を促進する](https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.45120){cite}`Sheen2019-bg`" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:105 msgid "" "📄 [Imaging methods are vastly underreported in biomedical " "research](https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.55133) {cite}`Marques2020-nx`" msgstr "" +"📄 " +"[生物医学研究において、画像診断法の報告は極めて少ない](https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.55133){cite}`Marques2020-nx`" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:106 msgid "" -"📄 [Are figure legends sufficient? Evaluating the contribution of " -"associated text to biomedical figure " +"📄 [Are figure legends sufficient? Evaluating the contribution of associated " +"text to biomedical figure " "comprehension.](https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-5333-4-1) {cite}`Yu2009-ip`" msgstr "" +"📄 " +"[図の凡例は十分か？バイオメディカル図の理解に対する関連テキストの寄与を評価する](https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-5333-4-1){cite}`Yu2009-ip`" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:110 msgid "Where can I learn more?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "もっと詳しく知りたいのですが？" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:112 msgid "" -"Check out _Creating clear and informative image-based figures for " -"scientific publications_{cite}`Jambor2021-qe` and _Community-developed " -"checklists for publishing images and image " -"analysis_{cite}`Schmied2023-ad` for more tips and best practices for " -"making image figures." +"Check out _Creating clear and informative image-based figures for scientific" +" publications_{cite}`Jambor2021-qe` and _Community-developed checklists for " +"publishing images and image analysis_{cite}`Schmied2023-ad` for more tips " +"and best practices for making image figures." msgstr "" +"画像図表を作成するためのヒントやベストプラクティスについては、_Creating clear and informative image-based " +"figures for scientific publications_{cite}`Jambor2021-qe` や _Community-" +"developed checklists for publishing images and image " +"analysis_{cite}`Schmied2023-ad` をご覧ください。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:114 msgid "" "A cheat sheet on how to do basic image preparation with open source " "software:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "オープンソースソフトウェアを使用した基本的な画像処理の方法についてのチートシート：" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:124 msgid "Instructions for common image processing operations in Fiji" -msgstr "" +msgstr "フィジーにおける一般的な画像処理の手順" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Presentation_images.md:124 msgid "" -"**How to correctly perform various image manipulations in Fiji.** Figure " -"by Christopher Schmied and Helena Jambor. " +"**How to correctly perform various image manipulations in Fiji.** Figure by " +"Christopher Schmied and Helena Jambor. " "[Source](https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.27140.2)" msgstr "" +"**クリストファー・シュミードとヘレナ・ジャンバーによる図。[Source](https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.27140.2)" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:1 msgid "Resources for learning more" -msgstr "" +msgstr "より多くを学ぶためのリソース" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:8 msgid "**Resource Name**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**リソース名" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:9 msgid "**Link**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**リンク" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:10 msgid "**Brief description**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**簡単な説明" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:11 msgid "" "📄 Creating clear and informative image-based figures for scientific " "publications {cite}`Jambor2021-qe`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "📄 科学的な出版物のための、明確で情報量の多い画像ベースの図の作成{cite}`Jambor2021-qe`" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:12 msgid "" "[link](https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3001161" " )" msgstr "" +"[リンク](https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3001161" +" )" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:13 msgid "" "Review article on how to create accessible, fair scientific figures, " "including guidelines for microscopy images" -msgstr "" +msgstr "アクセシブルで公正な科学図表の作成方法に関する総説。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:14 msgid "" -"📄 Community-developed checklists for publishing images and image analysis" -" {cite}`Schmied2023-ad`" -msgstr "" +"📄 Community-developed checklists for publishing images and image analysis " +"{cite}`Schmied2023-ad`" +msgstr "📄 コミュニティが開発した画像と画像解析の公開用チェックリスト{cite}`Schmied2023-ad`" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:15 msgid "[link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.07005)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.07005)" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:16 msgid "" "A paper recommending checklists and best practices for publishing image " -"data" +"data. [It also has a JupyterBook](https://quarep-" +"limi.github.io/WG12_checklists_for_image_publishing/intro.html)" msgstr "" +"画像データを公開するためのチェックリストとベスト プラクティスを推奨する文書。 [JupyterBook もあります](https://quarep-" +"limi.github.io/WG12_checklists_for_image_publishing/intro.html)" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:17 msgid "📖 Modern Statistics for Modern Biology {cite}`Holmes2019-no`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "📖 現代生物学のための現代統計学{cite}`Holmes2019-no`" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:18 msgid "[link](https://www.huber.embl.de/msmb/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.huber.embl.de/msmb/)" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Resources.md:19 msgid "Online statistics for biologists textbook with code examples (in R)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "生物学者のためのオンライン統計の教科書、コード例付き（R言語）" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:1 msgid "Statistics" -msgstr "" +msgstr "統計" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:5 msgid "" -"Quantitative data is often summarized and analysed with statistical " -"methods and visualized with plots/graphs/diagrams. Statistical methods " -"reveal quantitative trends, patterns, and outliers in data, while plots " -"and graphs help to convey them to audiences. Carrying out a suitable " -"statistical analysis and choosing a suitable chart type for your data, " -"identifying their potential pitfalls, and faithfully realising the " -"analysis or generating the chart with suitable software are essential to " -"back up experimental conclusions with data and reach communication goals." +"Quantitative data is often summarized and analysed with statistical methods " +"and visualized with plots/graphs/diagrams. Statistical methods reveal " +"quantitative trends, patterns, and outliers in data, while plots and graphs " +"help to convey them to audiences. Carrying out a suitable statistical " +"analysis and choosing a suitable chart type for your data, identifying their" +" potential pitfalls, and faithfully realising the analysis or generating the" +" chart with suitable software are essential to back up experimental " +"conclusions with data and reach communication goals." msgstr "" +"定量的データは、統計的手法で要約・分析され、プロット／グラフ／図で視覚化されることが多い。統計的手法は、データの量的傾向、パターン、異常値を明らかにし、プロットやグラフは、それらを聴衆に伝えるのに役立ちます。適切な統計分析を実施し、データに適したグラフの種類を選択し、それらの潜在的な落とし穴を特定し、分析結果を忠実に再現するか、適切なソフトウェアでグラフを作成することは、実験結果をデータで裏付け、コミュニケーション目標を達成するために不可欠です。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:7 msgid "Dimensionality reduction" -msgstr "" +msgstr "次元削減" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:10 msgid "" -"Dimensionality reduction (also called dimension reduction) aims at " -"mapping high-dimensional data onto a lower-dimensional space in order to " -"better reveal trends and patterns. Algorithms performing this task " -"attempt to retain as much information as possible when reducing the " -"dimensionality of the data: this is achieved by assigning importance " -"scores to individual features, removing redundancies, and identifying " -"uninformative (for instance constant) features. Dimensionality reduction " -"is an important step in quantitative analysis as it makes data more " -"manageable and easier to visualize. It is also an important preprocessing" -" step in many downstream analysis algorithms, such as machine learning " -"classifiers." +"Dimensionality reduction (also called dimension reduction) aims at mapping " +"high-dimensional data onto a lower-dimensional space in order to better " +"reveal trends and patterns. Algorithms performing this task attempt to " +"retain as much information as possible when reducing the dimensionality of " +"the data: this is achieved by assigning importance scores to individual " +"features, removing redundancies, and identifying uninformative (for instance" +" constant) features. Dimensionality reduction is an important step in " +"quantitative analysis as it makes data more manageable and easier to " +"visualize. It is also an important preprocessing step in many downstream " +"analysis algorithms, such as machine learning classifiers." msgstr "" +"次元削減（次元削減とも呼ばれる）は、傾向やパターンをより明確にするために、高次元のデータを低次元の空間にマッピングすることを目的としている。このタスクを実行するアルゴリズムは、データの次元を削減する際に可能な限り多くの情報を保持しようとします。これは、個々の特徴に重要度スコアを割り当てたり、冗長性を取り除いたり、有益でない（例えば一定の）特徴を特定したりすることで達成されます。次元削減は、データをより管理しやすく可視化しやすくするため、定量分析において重要なステップです。また、機械学習分類器など、多くの下流分析アルゴリズムにおける重要な前処理ステップでもあります。" -#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md +#: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:0 msgid "📏 How do I do it?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "どうすればいいですか？" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:13 msgid "" "The most traditional dimensionality reduction technique is principal " -"component analysis (PCA){cite}`Lever2017-pca`. In a nutshell, PCA " -"recovers a linear transformation of the input data into a new coordinate " -"system (the principal components) that concentrates variation into its " -"first axes. This is achieved by relying on classical linear algebra, by " -"computing an eigendecomposition of the covariance matrix of the data. As " -"a result, the first 2 or 3 principal components provide a low-dimensional" -" version of the data distribution that is faithful to the variance that " -"was originally present. More advanced dimensionality reduction methods " -"that are popular in biology include t-distributed stochastic neighbor " -"embedding (t-SNE) and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection " -"(UMAP). In contrast to PCA, these methods are non-linear and can " -"therefore exploit more complex relationships between features when " -"building the lower-dimensional representation. This however comes at a " -"cost: both t-SNE and UMAP are stochastic, meaning that the results they " -"produce are highly dependent on the choice of hyperparameters and can " -"differ across different runs." -msgstr "" +"component analysis (PCA){cite}`Lever2017-pca`. In a nutshell, PCA recovers a" +" linear transformation of the input data into a new coordinate system (the " +"principal components) that concentrates variation into its first axes. This " +"is achieved by relying on classical linear algebra, by computing an " +"eigendecomposition of the covariance matrix of the data. As a result, the " +"first 2 or 3 principal components provide a low-dimensional version of the " +"data distribution that is faithful to the variance that was originally " +"present. More advanced dimensionality reduction methods that are popular in " +"biology include t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) and " +"Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP). In contrast to PCA, " +"these methods are non-linear and can therefore exploit more complex " +"relationships between features when building the lower-dimensional " +"representation. This however comes at a cost: both t-SNE and UMAP are " +"stochastic, meaning that the results they produce are highly dependent on " +"the choice of hyperparameters and can differ across different runs." +msgstr "" +"最も伝統的な次元削減手法は主成分分析（PCA）{cite}`Lever2017-pca` " +"である。一言で言えば、PCAは入力データの線形変換を復元し、その第一軸に変動を集中させる新しい座標系（主成分）に変換する。これは古典的な線形代数に依存して、データの共分散行列の固有値分解を計算することで達成される。その結果、最初の2つまたは3つの主成分は、元々存在していた分散に忠実なデータ分布の低次元バージョンを提供します。生物学でよく使われるより高度な次元削減法には、t-distributed" +" stochastic neighbor embedding（t-SNE）やUniform Manifold Approximation and " +"Projection（UMAP）などがあります。PCAとは対照的に、これらの手法は非線形であるため、低次元表現を構築する際に特徴間のより複雑な関係を利用することができる。t-SNEとUMAPはともに確率的であり、生成される結果はハイパーパラメータの選択に大きく依存し、異なる実行によって異なる可能性がある。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:18 msgid "" -"Although reducing dimensionality can be very useful for data exploration " -"and analysis, it may also wipe information or structure that is relevant " -"to the problem being studied. This is famously well illustrated by the " -"[Datasaurus " +"Although reducing dimensionality can be very useful for data exploration and" +" analysis, it may also wipe information or structure that is relevant to the" +" problem being studied. This is famously well illustrated by the [Datasaurus" +" " "dataset](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/datasauRus/vignettes/Datasaurus.html)," -" which demonstrates how very differently-looking sets of measurements can" -" become indistinguishable when described by a small set of summary " +" which demonstrates how very differently-looking sets of measurements can " +"become indistinguishable when described by a small set of summary " "statistics. The best way to minimize this risk is to start by visually " -"exploring the data whenever possible, and carefully checking any " -"underlying assumptions of the dimensionality reduction method being used " -"to ensure that they hold for the considered data. Dimensionality " -"reduction may also enhance and reveal patterns that are not biologically " -"relevant, due to noise or systematic artifacts in the original data (see " -"Batch effect correction section below). In addition to applying " -"normalization and batch correction to the data prior to reducing " -"dimensionality, some dimensionality reduction methods also offer so-" -"called regularization strategies to mitigate this. In the end, any " -"pattern identified in dimension-reduced data should be considered while " -"keeping in mind the biological context of the data in order to interpret " -"the results appropriately." -msgstr "" +"exploring the data whenever possible, and carefully checking any underlying " +"assumptions of the dimensionality reduction method being used to ensure that" +" they hold for the considered data. Dimensionality reduction may also " +"enhance and reveal patterns that are not biologically relevant, due to noise" +" or systematic artifacts in the original data (see Batch effect correction " +"section below). In addition to applying normalization and batch correction " +"to the data prior to reducing dimensionality, some dimensionality reduction " +"methods also offer so-called regularization strategies to mitigate this. In " +"the end, any pattern identified in dimension-reduced data should be " +"considered while keeping in mind the biological context of the data in order" +" to interpret the results appropriately." +msgstr "" +"次元を小さくすることは、データの探索や分析に非常に有用であるが、研究対象の問題に関連する情報や構造を消してしまうこともある。このことは、[Datasaurus" +" " +"dataset](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/datasauRus/vignettes/Datasaurus.html)でよく説明されている。このデータセットは、非常に異なって見える測定値の集合が、小さな要約統計量によって記述されると、いかに区別がつかなくなるかを示している。このリスクを最小化する最善の方法は、可能な限りデータを視覚的に探索することから始め、使用する次元削減手法の基礎となる仮定を注意深くチェックし、それが検討したデータに対して成り立つことを確認することである。また、次元削減は、元データのノイズや系統的なアーチファクトのために、生物学的に関連性のないパターンを強調し、明らかにすることがある（下記のバッチ効果補正のセクションを参照）。次元削減の前にデータに正規化とバッチ補正を適用することに加え、いくつかの次元削減法は、これを軽減するためのいわゆる正則化戦略も提供している。最終的には、次元削減されたデータから同定されたパターンは、結果を適切に解釈するために、データの生物学的背景に留意しながら考慮されるべきである。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:26 msgid "" @@ -463,110 +507,129 @@ msgid "" "Tour](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220416606_Dimension_Reduction_A_Guided_Tour)" " {cite}`Burges2010-fi`" msgstr "" +"Dimension Reduction: A Guided " +"Tour](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220416606_Dimension_Reduction_A_Guided_Tour){cite}`Burges2010-fi`" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:27 msgid "" "💻 [UMAP introduction and Python implementation](https://umap-" "learn.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html)" msgstr "" +"UMAP の紹介と Python の実装](https://umap-" +"learn.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html)" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:28 msgid "" "💻 [t-SNE Python implementation](https://scikit-" "learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.manifold.TSNE.html)" msgstr "" +"t-SNE Python実装](https://scikit-" +"learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.manifold.TSNE.html)" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:32 msgid "Batch correction" -msgstr "" +msgstr "バッチ修正" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:35 msgid "" "Batch effects are systematic variations across samples correlated with " -"experimental conditions (such as different times of the day, different " -"days of the week, or different experimental tools) that are not related " -"to the biological process of interest. Batch effects must be mitigated " -"prior to making comparisons across several datasets as they impact the " +"experimental conditions (such as different times of the day, different days " +"of the week, or different experimental tools) that are not related to the " +"biological process of interest. Batch effects must be mitigated prior to " +"making comparisons across several datasets as they impact the " "reproducibility and reliability of computational analysis and can " "dramatically bias conclusions. Algorithms for batch effect correction " -"address this by identifying and quantifying sources of technical " -"variation, and adjusting the data so that these are minimized while the " -"biological signal is preserved. Most batch effect correction methods were" -" originally developed for microarray data and sequencing data, but can be" -" adapted to feature vectors extracted from images." +"address this by identifying and quantifying sources of technical variation, " +"and adjusting the data so that these are minimized while the biological " +"signal is preserved. Most batch effect correction methods were originally " +"developed for microarray data and sequencing data, but can be adapted to " +"feature vectors extracted from images." msgstr "" +"バッチ効果とは、実験条件（異なる時間帯、異なる曜日、異なる実験ツールなど）に相関するサンプル間の系統的変動であり、目的の生物学的プロセスとは関係しない。バッチ効果は、計算解析の再現性と信頼性に影響を与え、結論に劇的な偏りを与える可能性があるため、複数のデータセット間で比較を行う前に軽減する必要がある。バッチ効果補正のアルゴリズムは、技術的ばらつきの原因を特定して定量化し、生物学的シグナルを保持したまま、これらを最小化するようにデータを調整することで、この問題に対処する。ほとんどのバッチ効果補正法は、もともとマイクロアレイデータやシーケンスデータ用に開発されたものですが、画像から抽出した特徴ベクトルにも適応できます。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:38 msgid "" "Two of the most used methods for batch effect correction are ComBat and " -"Surrogate Variable Analysis (SVA), depending on whether the sources of " -"batch effects are known a priori or not. In a nutshell, ComBat involves " -"three steps: 1) dividing the data into known batches, 2) estimating batch" -" effect by fitting a linear model that includes the batch as a covariate " -"and 3) adjusting the data by removing the estimated effect of the batch " -"from each data point. In contrast, SVA aims at identifying \"surrogate " -"variables\" that capture unknown sources of variability in the data. The " -"surrogate variables can be estimated relying on linear algebra methods " -"(such as singular value decomposition) or through a Bayesian factor " -"analysis model. SVA has been demonstrated to reduce unobserved sources of" -" variability and is therefore of particular help when identifying " -"possible causes of batch effects is challenging, but comes at a higher " -"computational cost than ComBat." -msgstr "" +"Surrogate Variable Analysis (SVA), depending on whether the sources of batch" +" effects are known a priori or not. In a nutshell, ComBat involves three " +"steps: 1) dividing the data into known batches, 2) estimating batch effect " +"by fitting a linear model that includes the batch as a covariate and 3) " +"adjusting the data by removing the estimated effect of the batch from each " +"data point. In contrast, SVA aims at identifying \"surrogate variables\" " +"that capture unknown sources of variability in the data. The surrogate " +"variables can be estimated relying on linear algebra methods (such as " +"singular value decomposition) or through a Bayesian factor analysis model. " +"SVA has been demonstrated to reduce unobserved sources of variability and is" +" therefore of particular help when identifying possible causes of batch " +"effects is challenging, but comes at a higher computational cost than " +"ComBat." +msgstr "" +"バッチ効果補正のために最も使用される2つの方法は、バッチ効果の原因が事前に知られているかどうかに応じて、ComBatとサロゲート変数分析（SVA）である。簡単に言うと、ComBatには3つのステップがある：1)" +" データを既知のバッチに分割する、2) バッチを共変量として含む線形モデルを当てはめることによってバッチ効果を推定する、3) " +"各データポイントから推定されたバッチの効果を除去することによってデータを調整する。対照的に、SVA " +"は、データ中の未知の変動源を捕捉する「代用変数」を同定することを目的とする。代用変数は、線形代数手法（特異値分解など）に頼るか、ベイズ因子分析モデルを通して推定することができる。SVAは、未観測の変動要因を削減することが実証されており、バッチ効果の可能性のある原因を特定することが困難な場合に特に役立ちますが、ComBatよりも高い計算コストがかかります。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:41 msgid "" "As important as it is for analysis, batch effect correction can go wrong " -"when too much or too little of it is done. Both over- and under-" -"correction can happen when methods are not used properly or when their " -"underlying assumptions are not met. As a result, either biological " -"signals can be removed (in the case of over-correction) or irrelevant " -"sources of variation can remain (in the case of under-correction) - both " -"potentially leading to inaccurate conclusions. Batch effect correction " -"can be particularly tricky when the biological variation of interest is " -"suspected to confound with the batch. In this case in particular " -"(although always a good approach), the first lines of fight against batch" -" effects should be thought-through experimental design and careful " -"quality control, as well as visual exploration of the " -"data{cite}`Lord2020-sp`. Plotting data batch-by-batch before applying any" -" correction can help confirm (or infirm) that the observed trends are " -"similar across batches." -msgstr "" +"when too much or too little of it is done. Both over- and under-correction " +"can happen when methods are not used properly or when their underlying " +"assumptions are not met. As a result, either biological signals can be " +"removed (in the case of over-correction) or irrelevant sources of variation " +"can remain (in the case of under-correction) - both potentially leading to " +"inaccurate conclusions. Batch effect correction can be particularly tricky " +"when the biological variation of interest is suspected to confound with the " +"batch. In this case in particular (although always a good approach), the " +"first lines of fight against batch effects should be thought-through " +"experimental design and careful quality control, as well as visual " +"exploration of the data{cite}`Lord2020-sp`. Plotting data batch-by-batch " +"before applying any correction can help confirm (or infirm) that the " +"observed trends are similar across batches." +msgstr "" +"バッチ効果補正は、分析にとって重要であると同時に、多すぎても少なすぎてもうまくいかないことがある。過剰補正も過小補正も、方法が適切に使用されていない場合や、その基礎となる仮定が満たされていない場合に起こりうる。その結果、生物学的シグナルが除去されたり（過剰補正の場合）、無関係な変動源が残ったり（過小補正の場合）することがあり、どちらも不正確な結論につながる可能性がある。バッチ効果の補正は、目的の生物学的変動がバッチと交絡していると疑われる場合、特にやっかいになる。特にこのような場合（常に良いアプローチではあるが）、バッチ効果との戦いの第一線は、考え抜かれた実験デザインと注意深い品質管理、そしてデータの視覚的な探索であるべきである{cite}`Lord2020-sp`.補正を適用する前にバッチごとにデータをプロットすることで、観察された傾向がバッチ間で類似していることを確認する（または確認できない）ことができる。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:49 msgid "" "📄 [Why Batch Effects Matter in Omics Data, and How to Avoid " "Them](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.02.012) {cite}`Goh2017-kd`" msgstr "" +"📄 [Why Batch Effects Matter in Omics Data, and How to " +"Avoidm](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.02.012){cite}`Goh2017-kd`" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:50 msgid "" "💻 [pyComBat (ComBat Python " "implementation)](https://epigenelabs.github.io/pyComBat/)" msgstr "" +"💻 [pyComBat (ComBat Python " +"implementation)](https://epigenelabs.github.io/pyComBat/)" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:51 msgid "" -"📄 [The sva package for removing batch effects and other unwanted " -"variation in high-throughput " +"📄 [The sva package for removing batch effects and other unwanted variation " +"in high-throughput " "experiments](https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts034) " "{cite}`Leek2012-rv`" msgstr "" +"📄 [sva package for removing batch effects and other unwanted variation in " +"high-throughput " +"experiments](https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts034){cite}`Leek2012-rv`" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:55 msgid "Normality testing" -msgstr "" +msgstr "正規性の検定" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:58 msgid "" "Normality testing is about assessing whether data follow a Gaussian (or " -"nomal) distribution. Because the Gaussian distribution is frequently " -"found in nature and has important mathematical properties, normality is a" -" core assumption in many widely-used statistical tests. When this " -"assumption is violated, their conclusions may not hold or be flawed. " -"Normality testing is therefore an important step of the data analysis " -"pipeline prior to any sort of statistical testing." +"nomal) distribution. Because the Gaussian distribution is frequently found " +"in nature and has important mathematical properties, normality is a core " +"assumption in many widely-used statistical tests. When this assumption is " +"violated, their conclusions may not hold or be flawed. Normality testing is " +"therefore an important step of the data analysis pipeline prior to any sort " +"of statistical testing." msgstr "" +"正規性の検定は、データがガウス（または公称）分布に従うかどうかを評価することである。ガウス分布は自然界で頻繁に見られ、重要な数学的性質を持っているため、正規性は広く使われている多くの統計検定で核となる仮定です。この仮定に違反すると、結論が成り立たなかったり、欠陥があったりする。したがって正規性の検定は、あらゆる種類の統計的検定に先立つデータ分析パイプラインの重要なステップである。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:61 msgid "" @@ -575,44 +638,48 @@ msgid "" "readout, statistical methods such as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) and " "Shapiro-Wilk tests (among many others) report how much the observed data " "distribution deviates from a Gaussian. These tests usually return and a " -"p-value linked to the hypothesis that the data are sampled from a " -"Gaussian distribution. A high p-value indicates that the data are not " -"inconsistent with a normal distribution, but is not sufficient to prove " -"that they indeed follow a Gaussian. A p-values smaller than a pre-defined" -" significance threshold (usually 0.05) indicates that the data are not " -"sampled from a normal distribution." +"p-value linked to the hypothesis that the data are sampled from a Gaussian " +"distribution. A high p-value indicates that the data are not inconsistent " +"with a normal distribution, but is not sufficient to prove that they indeed " +"follow a Gaussian. A p-values smaller than a pre-defined significance " +"threshold (usually 0.05) indicates that the data are not sampled from a " +"normal distribution." msgstr "" +"データ分布の正規性は、例えばヒストグラムのようなプロットを通して定性的に評価することができます。より定量的な読み出しとしては、コルモゴロフ・スミルノフ検定（KS検定）やシャピロ・ウィルク検定などの統計的手法（その他多数）が、観察されたデータ分布がガウス分布からどれだけずれているかを報告します。これらの検定は通常、データがガウス分布からサンプリングされたという仮説にリンクしたp値を返します。高いp値は、データが正規分布と矛盾していないことを示しますが、本当にガウス分布に従うことを証明するには十分ではありません。p値が事前に定義された有意閾値（通常は0.05）より小さい場合は、データが正規分布からサンプリングされていないことを示す。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:65 msgid "" -"Although lots of the “standard” statistical methods have been designed " -"with a normnality assumption, alternative approaches exist for non-" -"normally-ditributed data. Many biological processes result in multimodal " -"“states” (for instance differentiation) that are inherently not Gaussian." -" Normality testing should therefore not be mistaken for a quality " -"assessment of the data: it merely informs on the types of tools that are " -"appropriate to use when analyzing them." +"Although lots of the “standard” statistical methods have been designed with " +"a normnality assumption, alternative approaches exist for non-normally-" +"ditributed data. Many biological processes result in multimodal “states” " +"(for instance differentiation) that are inherently not Gaussian. Normality " +"testing should therefore not be mistaken for a quality assessment of the " +"data: it merely informs on the types of tools that are appropriate to use " +"when analyzing them." msgstr "" +"多くの \"標準的な " +"\"統計的手法は正規性を仮定して設計されているが、非正規分布データに対しては別のアプローチが存在する。多くの生物学的プロセスは、本質的にガウス分布ではない多峰性の「状態」（例えば分化）をもたらす。従って、正規性の検定はデータの品質評価と勘違いしてはならない。" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:68 msgid "" -"📖 [Modern statistics for modern biology](https://www.huber.embl.de/msmb/)" -" {cite}`Holmes2019-no`" +"📖 [Modern statistics for modern biology](https://www.huber.embl.de/msmb/) " +"{cite}`Holmes2019-no`" msgstr "" +"📖 【現代生物学のための現代統計学】(https://www.huber.embl.de/msmb/){cite}`Holmes2019-no`" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:69 msgid "" -"💻 [To get started with statistical analysis: " -"R](https://www.r-project.org/)" -msgstr "" +"💻 [To get started with statistical analysis: R](https://www.r-project.org/)" +msgstr "統計解析を始めるには：R](https://www.r-project.org/)" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/Statistics.md:70 msgid "" "💻 [To do statistics in Python: " "scipy.stats](https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/stats.html)" msgstr "" +"💻 [Python で統計をとるには: " +"scipy.stats](https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/stats.html)" #: ../../04_Data_presentation/_notinyet_Presentation_graphs.md:1 msgid "Presentation of graphs" -msgstr "" - +msgstr "グラフの表示" diff --git a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/Glossary.po b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/Glossary.po index e57c65a47..d1512bac0 100644 --- a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/Glossary.po +++ b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/Glossary.po @@ -1,317 +1,335 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2023 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. -# FIRST AUTHOR , 2023. -# +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +# Translators: +# Beth Cimini, 2023 +# #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Python \n" +"Project-Id-Version: Python\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-05-19 07:07-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" -"Language: ja\n" -"Language-Team: ja \n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-02 18:49+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Beth Cimini, 2023\n" +"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/center-for-open-bioimage-analysis/teams/169123/ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Generated-By: Babel 2.12.1\n" +"Language: ja\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../Glossary.md:1 msgid "Glossary" -msgstr "" +msgstr "用語集" -#: ../../Glossary.md +#: ../../Glossary.md:0 msgid "Blocking" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ブロッキング" #: ../../Glossary.md:5 msgid "" -"During the immunostaining procedure, it is important to minimize " -"nonspecific binding of the primary or secondary antibodies. In most " -"cases, this is achieved by blocking, which typically involves adding " -"substances such as normal sera, gelatin, or albumin before immunostaining" -" in order to \"occupy\" all the non-specific binding sites in the sample." +"During the immunostaining procedure, it is important to minimize nonspecific" +" binding of the primary or secondary antibodies. In most cases, this is " +"achieved by blocking, which typically involves adding substances such as " +"normal sera, gelatin, or albumin before immunostaining in order to " +"\"occupy\" all the non-specific binding sites in the sample." msgstr "" +"免疫染色法では、一次抗体や二次抗体の非特異的結合を最小限に抑えることが重要である。ほとんどの場合、これはブロッキングによって達成される。ブロッキングは通常、サンプル中の非特異的結合部位をすべて「占有」するために、免疫染色の前に正常血清、ゼラチン、アルブミンなどの物質を添加することを含む。" #: ../../Glossary.md:3 msgid "Deconvolution" -msgstr "" +msgstr "デコンボリューション" #: ../../Glossary.md:8 msgid "" -"The process of computationally removing blur from microscopy images by " -"using the known optical properties of the light path to \"reassign\" " -"pixel intensity away from where it hit the camera and back onto the " -"structure that emitted the light." +"The process of computationally removing blur from microscopy images by using" +" the known optical properties of the light path to \"reassign\" pixel " +"intensity away from where it hit the camera and back onto the structure that" +" emitted the light." msgstr "" +"光路の既知の光学特性を利用して、ピクセルの強度をカメラに当たった位置から、光を放出した構造に「再割り当て」することにより、顕微鏡画像のぼかしを計算で除去するプロセス。" #: ../../Glossary.md:6 msgid "Ex-Vivo imaging" -msgstr "" +msgstr "生体外イメージング" #: ../../Glossary.md:11 -#, python-format msgid "" "Refers to imaging performed on live animal tissue in an external " -"controllable environment (e.g., tissue explant on a petri dish). It " -"enables high-resolution imaging of live tissue that may be otherwise " -"inaccessible within the animal. The tissue is maintained alive on the " -"imaging system through perfusion of oxygenated (95% oxygen and 5% CO2), " -"temperature-controlled media using peristaltic pumps and microfluidics." +"controllable environment (e.g., tissue explant on a petri dish). It enables " +"high-resolution imaging of live tissue that may be otherwise inaccessible " +"within the animal. The tissue is maintained alive on the imaging system " +"through perfusion of oxygenated (95% oxygen and 5% CO2), temperature-" +"controlled media using peristaltic pumps and microfluidics." msgstr "" +"外部制御可能な環境（シャーレ上の組織摘出など）において、生きた動物組織に対して行われるイメージングを指す。動物体内ではアクセス不可能な生きた組織の高解像度イメージングを可能にする。組織は、蠕動ポンプとマイクロ流体工学を用いて、酸素（95％酸素、5％CO2）、温度制御された培地を灌流することにより、イメージングシステム上で生きた状態に維持される。" #: ../../Glossary.md:9 msgid "Fiji" -msgstr "" +msgstr "フィジー" #: ../../Glossary.md:14 msgid "" -"[Fiji](https://imagej.net/software/fiji/) Is Just ImageJ. ImageJ2 plus a " -"lot of common plugins." +"[Fiji](https://imagej.net/software/fiji/) Is Just ImageJ. ImageJ2 plus a lot" +" of common plugins." msgstr "" +"[Fiji](https://imagej.net/software/fiji/)は単なるImageJです。ImageJ2と多くの一般的なプラグイン。" #: ../../Glossary.md:12 msgid "Fixation" -msgstr "" +msgstr "固定" #: ../../Glossary.md:17 msgid "" -"Fixation of a specimen refers to the stabilization of the " -"cellular/molecular components within the sample while at the same time " -"stopping any biological function in that sample. The fixative used (e.g.," -" paraformaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, methanol), concentration and " -"conditions (e.g., buffer, temperature) determine the extent of " -"preservation of the cellular and/or molecular structures within a sample," -" and needs to be optimized depending on the sample or structure that is " -"being imaged." +"Fixation of a specimen refers to the stabilization of the cellular/molecular" +" components within the sample while at the same time stopping any biological" +" function in that sample. The fixative used (e.g., paraformaldehyde, " +"glutaraldehyde, methanol), concentration and conditions (e.g., buffer, " +"temperature) determine the extent of preservation of the cellular and/or " +"molecular structures within a sample, and needs to be optimized depending on" +" the sample or structure that is being imaged." msgstr "" +"試料の固定とは、試料内の細胞／分子成分を安定化させると同時に、その試料の生物学的機能を停止させることを指す。使用する固定剤（パラホルムアルデヒド、グルタルアルデヒド、メタノールなど）、濃度、条件（バッファー、温度など）によって、試料内の細胞および／または分子構造の保存の程度が決まり、画像化する試料や構造に応じて最適化する必要がある。" #: ../../Glossary.md:15 msgid "Image processing" -msgstr "" +msgstr "画像処理" #: ../../Glossary.md:20 msgid "" "Is an operation that can be performed on an image, resulting in another " -"image. Image processing operations can be simple (e.g. resizing or " -"rotating) or more advanced (e.g. enhancing particular features of an " -"image like circles or lines)." +"image. Image processing operations can be simple (e.g. resizing or rotating)" +" or more advanced (e.g. enhancing particular features of an image like " +"circles or lines)." msgstr "" +"画像処理とは、画像に対して実行され、別の画像を生成する操作のこと。画像処理には、単純なもの（サイズ変更や回転など）もあれば、高度なもの（円や線など画像の特定の特徴を強調するなど）もある。" #: ../../Glossary.md:18 msgid "Immersion media" -msgstr "" +msgstr "浸漬メディア" #: ../../Glossary.md:23 msgid "" -"The immersion media is the medium that fills the gap between your " -"objective lens and the glass coverslip or sample. It impacts the " -"numerical aperture of the objective lens {math}`NA=RI * sin(θ)`, thus " -"impacting lateral and axial resolution. It is critical to match the RI of" -" the immersion media with that of the mounting media to minimize " -"aberrations and improve image quality. Immersion media can be air, water," -" silicone oil, glycerol or oil." +"The immersion media is the medium that fills the gap between your objective " +"lens and the glass coverslip or sample. It impacts the numerical aperture of" +" the objective lens {math}`NA=RI * sin(θ)`, thus impacting lateral and axial" +" resolution. It is critical to match the RI of the immersion media with that" +" of the mounting media to minimize aberrations and improve image quality. " +"Immersion media can be air, water, silicone oil, glycerol or oil." msgstr "" +"液浸メディアは、対物レンズとガラスカバースリップまたはサンプルの間のギャップを埋める媒体です。対物レンズの開口数に影響を与え、{math}`NA=RI " +"* " +"sin(θ)`、横方向と軸方向の解像度に影響を与えます。収差を最小限に抑え、画質を向上させるためには、浸漬媒体のRIとマウント媒体のRIを一致させることが重要です。浸漬媒体には、空気、水、シリコンオイル、グリセロール、オイルなどがある。" #: ../../Glossary.md:21 msgid "Immunolabeling" -msgstr "" +msgstr "免疫標識" #: ../../Glossary.md:26 msgid "" "Immunolabeling is one of the most common labeling techniques for fixed " -"samples. You can use fluorescently conjugated primary antibodies to " -"detect the protein of interest or a two-step labeling with a primary " -"antibody and a fluorescently conjugated secondary antibody. Primary-" -"secondary labeling tends to result in signal amplification. The main " -"issue with immunolabeling is the size of the antibodies, which require " -"extensive permeabilization. Another good option is to use nano-bodies, " -"which only have the heavy-chain and are significantly smaller than " -"regular antibodies." +"samples. You can use fluorescently conjugated primary antibodies to detect " +"the protein of interest or a two-step labeling with a primary antibody and a" +" fluorescently conjugated secondary antibody. Primary-secondary labeling " +"tends to result in signal amplification. The main issue with immunolabeling " +"is the size of the antibodies, which require extensive permeabilization. " +"Another good option is to use nano-bodies, which only have the heavy-chain " +"and are significantly smaller than regular antibodies." msgstr "" +"免疫標識は、固定サンプルの最も一般的な標識技術の一つである。蛍光標識一次抗体を用いて目的のタンパク質を検出するか、一次抗体と蛍光標識二次抗体による二段階標識が可能である。一次-" +"二次標識はシグナルを増幅する傾向がある。免疫標識の主な問題は抗体の大きさで、広範囲の透過処理を必要とする。もう一つの良い選択肢は、重鎖のみを持ち、通常の抗体よりかなり小さいナノ抗体を使用することである。" #: ../../Glossary.md:24 msgid "Intravital imaging" -msgstr "" +msgstr "眼内イメージング" #: ../../Glossary.md:29 msgid "" "It refers to the imaging of cellular structures or biological processes " -"inside a live animal in real time, without extracting the organs or " -"fixing the sample. In general, it requires specific instrumentation or " -"modalities with improved light penetration, such as multiphoton " -"microscopy and is limited to the ability to access the specific organ, " -"often through optical windows. Intravital imaging is overseen by " -"bioethical committees and needs to be approved by IACUC and/or other " -"institutional committees." +"inside a live animal in real time, without extracting the organs or fixing " +"the sample. In general, it requires specific instrumentation or modalities " +"with improved light penetration, such as multiphoton microscopy and is " +"limited to the ability to access the specific organ, often through optical " +"windows. Intravital imaging is overseen by bioethical committees and needs " +"to be approved by IACUC and/or other institutional committees." msgstr "" +"臓器を取り出したり、サンプルを固定したりすることなく、生きた動物内部の細胞構造や生物学的プロセスをリアルタイムでイメージングすることを指す。一般的に、多光子顕微鏡のような光透過性を向上させた特定の装置やモダリティを必要とし、特定の臓器にアクセスする能力に制限があり、多くの場合、光学窓を通してアクセスする。イントラビタルイメージングは生命倫理委員会によって監督され、IACUCおよび/またはその他の機関委員会の承認が必要である。" #: ../../Glossary.md:27 msgid "Mounting media" -msgstr "" +msgstr "メディアの取り付け" #: ../../Glossary.md:32 msgid "" -"Is the solution in which your specimen is placed in (mounted). Its " -"purpose is to preserve the sample, including the fluorophores in it, and" -" enhance the imaging quality during acquisition, by buffering the pH, " -"matching the refractive index throughout the sample (ideally matching it " -"to that of glass) and minimizing photobleaching (depending on the " -"medium). Mounting media prevents the sample from drying out allowing " -"long-term storage." +"Is the solution in which your specimen is placed in (mounted). Its purpose " +"is to preserve the sample, including the fluorophores in it, and enhance " +"the imaging quality during acquisition, by buffering the pH, matching the " +"refractive index throughout the sample (ideally matching it to that of " +"glass) and minimizing photobleaching (depending on the medium). Mounting " +"media prevents the sample from drying out allowing long-term storage." msgstr "" +"試料を入れる（マウントする）溶液。その目的は、pHを緩衝し、試料全体の屈折率を合わせ（理想的にはガラスの屈折率に合わせる）、光退色を最小限に抑える（メディウムによる）ことで、試料を保存し、試料中の蛍光色素を含め、撮影時の画像品質を向上させることです。マウントメディアはサンプルの乾燥を防ぎ、長期保存を可能にする。" #: ../../Glossary.md:30 msgid "Object detection" -msgstr "" +msgstr "物体検出" #: ../../Glossary.md:35 msgid "" "Is the image processing technique to detect objects within an image. It " -"would not give you a mask of the objects but it could give you a bounding" -" box, or and x,y position." +"would not give you a mask of the objects but it could give you a bounding " +"box, or and x,y position." msgstr "" +"画像内のオブジェクトを検出する画像処理技術である。オブジェクトのマスクは得られないが、バウンディングボックスやx,yの位置を得ることができる。" #: ../../Glossary.md:33 msgid "Oxygen scavengers" -msgstr "" +msgstr "脱酸素剤" #: ../../Glossary.md:38 msgid "" "Oxygen tends to induce photobleaching of organic dyes and other " "fluorophores. Addition of oxygen scavengers to the imaging media such as " "glucose oxidase or pyranose 2-oxidase can significantly reduce " -"photobleaching of the fluorophores present in the sample. It is important" -" to understand that the use of oxygen scavengers may affect live cell " -"imaging, as these scavengers can affect the ATP and oxygen levels within " -"the sample, compromising its health and therefore biological function." +"photobleaching of the fluorophores present in the sample. It is important to" +" understand that the use of oxygen scavengers may affect live cell imaging, " +"as these scavengers can affect the ATP and oxygen levels within the sample, " +"compromising its health and therefore biological function." msgstr "" +"酸素は有機色素やその他の蛍光色素の光脱 落を誘発する傾向がある。グルコースオキシダーゼやピラノース2-オキシダーゼな " +"どの酸素捕捉剤をイメージング媒体に添加すると、 サンプルに含まれる蛍光色素の光退色を大幅に低減 " +"することができる。酸素捕捉剤の使用はライブセルイメージングに影 響を与える可能性があることを理解することが重要であ " +"る。酸素捕捉剤はサンプル内のATPや酸素レベルに影 響を与え、サンプルの健康状態、ひいては生物学的 機能を損なう可能性があるからである。" #: ../../Glossary.md:36 msgid "Permeabilization" -msgstr "" +msgstr "透過化" #: ../../Glossary.md:41 msgid "" -"In order for the antibodies used during immunostaining or other " -"fluorophores to penetrate and bind to their antigen within a cell or " -"tissue, the membrane integrity (holes) needs to be challenged with a mild" -" detergent. The permeabilization step needs to be carefully optimized " -"depending on the antigen of interest, as it can result in a loss of " -"cytoplasm or a degradation of the signal." +"In order for the antibodies used during immunostaining or other fluorophores" +" to penetrate and bind to their antigen within a cell or tissue, the " +"membrane integrity (holes) needs to be challenged with a mild detergent. The" +" permeabilization step needs to be carefully optimized depending on the " +"antigen of interest, as it can result in a loss of cytoplasm or a " +"degradation of the signal." msgstr "" +"免疫染色で使用される抗体やその他の蛍光色素が細胞や組織内に浸透し、抗原に結合するためには、膜の完全性（穴）をマイルドな洗浄剤でチャレンジする必要がある。細胞質の喪失やシグナルの劣化を招く可能性があるため、透過化ステップは、対象抗原に応じて慎重に最適化する必要がある。" #: ../../Glossary.md:39 msgid "Refractive index" -msgstr "" +msgstr "屈折率" #: ../../Glossary.md:44 msgid "" "It's a measure of how light travels through a specific medium. It is an " "important value when calculating the numerical aperture of an objective, " "Ideally, a mismatch in refractive index between the sample (mounting " -"medium), the coverslip and immersion media should be minimized in order " -"to enhance the image quality. [See an interactive demo of refactive index" -" at MicroscopyU](https://www.microscopyu.com/microscopy-basics" -"/refractive-index-index-of-refraction)" +"medium), the coverslip and immersion media should be minimized in order to " +"enhance the image quality. [See an interactive demo of refactive index at " +"MicroscopyU](https://www.microscopyu.com/microscopy-basics/refractive-index-" +"index-of-refraction)" msgstr "" +"対物レンズの開口数を計算する際に重要な値です。対物レンズの開口数を計算する際に重要な値です。理想的には、画質を向上させるために、サンプル（マウント媒体）、カバースリップ、浸漬媒体間の屈折率の不一致を最小限に抑える必要があります。[MicroscopyUで屈折率のインタラクティブデモを見る](https://www.microscopyu.com/microscopy-" +"basics/refractive-index-index-of-refraction)" #: ../../Glossary.md:42 msgid "ROIs" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ROIs" #: ../../Glossary.md:47 msgid "" "Regions Of Interest. Pixels in your image that you care about (e.g., a " "region in tissue, a cell, a tumor, etc.)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "関心領域。画像内の気になるピクセル（組織内の領域、細胞、腫瘍など）。" #: ../../Glossary.md:45 msgid "Segmentation" -msgstr "" +msgstr "セグメンテーション" #: ../../Glossary.md:50 msgid "" -"Method of dividing an image into multiple parts or regions. There are " -"three different types of segmentation." -msgstr "" +"Method of dividing an image into multiple parts or regions. There are three " +"different types of segmentation." +msgstr "画像を複数の部分または領域に分割する方法。セグメンテーションには3つの種類がある。" #: ../../Glossary.md:51 msgid "" "Semantic segmentation, where all parts of an image are part of a class, " -"common in cell biology will be detecting cells and background on an " -"image." +"common in cell biology will be detecting cells and background on an image." msgstr "" +"セマンティック・セグメンテーションとは、画像のすべての部分があるクラスに属するというもので、細胞生物学では、画像上の細胞と背景を検出するのが一般的である。" #: ../../Glossary.md:52 msgid "" -"Instance segmentation, the segmentation is object based, not just " -"detecting were the cells are but diving each cell as a separate object." +"Instance segmentation, the segmentation is object based, not just detecting " +"were the cells are but diving each cell as a separate object." msgstr "" +"インスタンスのセグメンテーションでは、セグメンテーションはオブジェクトベースであり、単に細胞の位置を検出するだけでなく、各細胞を個別のオブジェクトとしてダイビングする。" #: ../../Glossary.md:53 msgid "" -"Panoptic Segmentation, it can be defined as a combination of the prior " -"two, because it identifies the object but also classifies them. An " -"example in biology might be detecting all the cells on an image and " -"classifying them as dividing vs not." +"Panoptic Segmentation, it can be defined as a combination of the prior two, " +"because it identifies the object but also classifies them. An example in " +"biology might be detecting all the cells on an image and classifying them as" +" dividing vs not." msgstr "" +"パノプティック・セグメンテーションは、オブジェクトを識別するだけでなく、それらを分類するため、前の2つの組み合わせとして定義することができる。生物学の例では、画像上のすべての細胞を検出し、分裂しているかしていないかを分類することができる。" #: ../../Glossary.md:51 msgid "Thresholding" -msgstr "" +msgstr "閾値処理" #: ../../Glossary.md:56 msgid "" -"The easiest form of image segmentation, it divides the image into two " -"part the background and the foreground (or signal). It creates a binary " -"image where usually the background pixels would be change to a 0 value " -"and the foreground pixels values would be 1." -msgstr "" +"The easiest form of image segmentation, it divides the image into two part " +"the background and the foreground (or signal). It creates a binary image " +"where usually the background pixels would be change to a 0 value and the " +"foreground pixels values would be 1." +msgstr "画像分割の最も簡単な方法で、画像を背景と前景（または信号）の2つに分割する。通常、背景ピクセルは0、前景ピクセルは1となる。" #: ../../Glossary.md:54 msgid "Tissue clearing" -msgstr "" +msgstr "組織クリアリング" #: ../../Glossary.md:59 msgid "" "Fluorescence imaging of the whole thickness of a piece of tissue is very " "challenging due to light absorption and scattering induced by the " -"inhomogeneities in refractive indexes within the tissue itself, resulting" -" in poor light penetration. Additionally, light coming from different " -"parts of the sample contribute to fluorescence blur, drastically reducing" -" contrast and resolution in any given plane. As a result, researchers " -"tend to use tissue sectioning techniques to extract information about " -"cellular components and their spatial distribution or relationships from " -"a thin two-dimensional volume. However, most components in any complex " -"biological system such as an organ are not contained within this two-" -"dimensional volume, and therefore, this approach compromises the " -"understanding of the spatial relationships among cellular components. " -"Tissue clearing focused on reducing the inhomogeneities in the tissue by " -"equilibrating the refractive index throughout the sample. This allows " -"light to pass through the tissue and therefore enables high resolution, " -"volumetric imaging of whole organs and tissues using conventional " -"microscopy techniques such as confocal microscopy without the need to " -"physically section the sample." -msgstr "" +"inhomogeneities in refractive indexes within the tissue itself, resulting in" +" poor light penetration. Additionally, light coming from different parts of " +"the sample contribute to fluorescence blur, drastically reducing contrast " +"and resolution in any given plane. As a result, researchers tend to use " +"tissue sectioning techniques to extract information about cellular " +"components and their spatial distribution or relationships from a thin two-" +"dimensional volume. However, most components in any complex biological " +"system such as an organ are not contained within this two-dimensional " +"volume, and therefore, this approach compromises the understanding of the " +"spatial relationships among cellular components. Tissue clearing focused on " +"reducing the inhomogeneities in the tissue by equilibrating the refractive " +"index throughout the sample. This allows light to pass through the tissue " +"and therefore enables high resolution, volumetric imaging of whole organs " +"and tissues using conventional microscopy techniques such as confocal " +"microscopy without the need to physically section the sample." +msgstr "" +"組織内の屈折率の不均一性によって引き起こされる光の吸収と散乱により、光の透過性が悪くなるため、組織の厚さ全体を蛍光イメージングすることは非常に困難である。さらに、サンプルの異なる部分から来る光は蛍光のぼやけに寄与し、任意の平面におけるコントラストと解像度を劇的に低下させる。その結果、研究者は、薄い二次元体積から細胞成分やその空間的分布や関係に関する情報を抽出するために、組織切片化技術を用いる傾向がある。しかし、臓器のような複雑な生物学的システムのほとんどの構成要素は、この二次元体積の中には含まれないため、このアプローチでは細胞構成要素間の空間的関係の理解が損なわれる。組織クリアリングは、サンプル全体の屈折率を平衡化することによって、組織内の不均一性を減らすことに焦点を当てた。これによって光が組織を透過するようになり、サンプルを物理的に切片化することなく、共焦点顕微鏡のような従来の顕微鏡技術を用いた、臓器や組織全体の高解像度、体積イメージングが可能になる。" #: ../../Glossary.md:57 msgid "Tissue sectioning" -msgstr "" +msgstr "組織切断" #: ../../Glossary.md:62 msgid "" -"Light penetration and fluorescence imaging is negatively impacted by " -"light scattering within a thick specimen. This scattering is due to the " -"different refractive indexes present within a tissue. To facilitate " -"imaging of tissues, researchers often cut thick tissues into slices of " -"different thicknesses. This process is called tissue sectioning. In most " -"cases the samples are fixed and embedded in paraffin or frozen in tissue " -"freezing medium and later cut into thin slices by a machine like a " -"cryostat, microtome, or vibratome and sections collected into a tube or " -"onto a slide." -msgstr "" - +"Light penetration and fluorescence imaging is negatively impacted by light " +"scattering within a thick specimen. This scattering is due to the different " +"refractive indexes present within a tissue. To facilitate imaging of " +"tissues, researchers often cut thick tissues into slices of different " +"thicknesses. This process is called tissue sectioning. In most cases the " +"samples are fixed and embedded in paraffin or frozen in tissue freezing " +"medium and later cut into thin slices by a machine like a cryostat, " +"microtome, or vibratome and sections collected into a tube or onto a slide." +msgstr "" +"光の透過と蛍光イメージングは、厚い試料内での光の散乱によって悪影響を受ける。この散乱は、組織内に存在する屈折率の違いによるものである。組織のイメージングを容易にするために、研究者はしばしば厚い組織を異なる厚さのスライスに切断する。このプロセスを組織切片化と呼ぶ。ほとんどの場合、サンプルは固定され、パラフィンに包埋されるか、組織凍結培地で凍結され、その後、クライオスタット、ミクロトーム、ビブラトームなどの機械で薄切りにされ、切片はチューブやスライドに集められる。" diff --git a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/QuantitativeBioimaging.po b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/QuantitativeBioimaging.po index 68e623fb7..3c734e933 100644 --- a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/QuantitativeBioimaging.po +++ b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/QuantitativeBioimaging.po @@ -1,31 +1,34 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2023 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. -# FIRST AUTHOR , 2023. -# +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +# Translators: +# Beth Cimini, 2023 +# Haruhiko Morita, 2023 +# #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Python \n" +"Project-Id-Version: Python\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-06-28 07:29-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" -"Language: ja\n" -"Language-Team: ja \n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-02 18:49+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Haruhiko Morita, 2023\n" +"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/center-for-open-bioimage-analysis/teams/169123/ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Generated-By: Babel 2.12.1\n" +"Language: ja\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:1 msgid "Quantitative Bioimaging" -msgstr "" +msgstr "定量的バイオイメージング" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:3 msgid "What do we mean by quantitative bioimaging?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "定量的バイオイメージングとは？" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:5 msgid "" @@ -33,61 +36,66 @@ msgid "" "history, we now live in an era where microscope images can be used to " "precisely quantify observable phenotypes." msgstr "" +"顕微鏡は、その歴史の大半において定性的な科学に使われてきましたが、私たちは現在、顕微鏡画像を用いて観察可能な表現型を正確に定量化できる時代に生きています。" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:7 msgid "" "The ability to draw accurate quantitative answers from these experiments " -"relies on certain best practices being followed. If one can confidently " -"say \"Yes\" to each of the following 4 questions, one is likely to be " -"able to quantify their sample." +"relies on certain best practices being followed. If one can confidently say " +"\"Yes\" to each of the following 4 questions, one is likely to be able to " +"quantify their sample." msgstr "" +"顕微鏡の実験から正確で定量的な答えを導き出すには、一定のベストプラクティスを遵守する必要があります。以下の4つの質問全てに、自信を持って「はい」と答えることができれば、サンプルを定量的に評価できている可能性が高いでしょう。" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:9 msgid "" -"Have I prepared my sample in a way that minimizes technical artifacts and" -" lets me understand exactly which molecule(s) I am observing?" -msgstr "" +"Have I prepared my sample in a way that minimizes technical artifacts and " +"lets me understand exactly which molecule(s) I am observing?" +msgstr "サンプルの準備の際、技術的なアーチファクトを最小限に抑え、どの（複数の）分子を観察しているかを正確に理解できるような方法で行いましたか？" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:10 msgid "" -"Have I conducted my microscopy so that I minimize technical artifacts and" -" am in the quantitative range of the detector attached to my microscope?" +"Have I conducted my microscopy so that I minimize technical artifacts and am" +" in the quantitative range of the detector attached to my microscope?" msgstr "" +"顕微鏡での撮影の際、技術的なアーチファクトを最小限に抑えましたか？また、顕微鏡に取り付けられた検出器の定量範囲内、つまり検出限界以上・定量下限以下になっていますか？" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:11 msgid "" -"Have I selected analysis metric(s) that truly answer my biological " -"question and measured them in a way that minimizes technical artifacts?" -msgstr "" +"Have I selected analysis metric(s) that truly answer my biological question " +"and measured them in a way that minimizes technical artifacts?" +msgstr "自身の生物学的な疑問に真に答える（複数の）分析指標を選択しましたか？また、技術的なアーチファクトを最小限に抑える方法で計測しましたか？" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:12 msgid "" "Have I chosen appropriate statistical comparisons and data presentation " -"approaches so that the distribution of my metric(s) can be fairly " -"compared across samples, answering my biolgical question?" +"approaches so that the distribution of my metric(s) can be fairly compared " +"across samples, answering my biolgical question?" msgstr "" +"統計的比較とデータの表示の方法は、サンプル間で（複数の）測定値の分布を公平に比較できるよう、また生物学的な疑問に答えるように選択されていますか？" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:14 msgid "" -"Answering each of these questions requires thought, expertise, and often " -"a fair amount of trial and error; it can feel overwhelming to grapple " -"with all the technical aspects and caveats present in a bioimaging " -"experiment. These questions **_can_** be answered, however, though often " -"not in a single pass - [continuous optimization through multiple rounds " -"of answering these questions](qb-decision-cycle) is typically needed for " -"best results." +"Answering each of these questions requires thought, expertise, and often a " +"fair amount of trial and error; it can feel overwhelming to grapple with all" +" the technical aspects and caveats present in a bioimaging experiment. These" +" questions **_can_** be answered, however, though often not in a single pass" +" - [continuous optimization through multiple rounds of answering these " +"questions](qb-decision-cycle) is typically needed for best results." msgstr "" +"上記の質問に答えるには、詳察や専門性、そしてある程度の試行錯誤が必要で、バイオイメージングのすべての技術的側面と注意事項に立ち向かうことは、ほとんど不可能のように感じられるかもしれません。しかし、これらの質問には答えることが**できます**。ただし、一度で答えられる訳ではなく、[これらの質問に複数回答えながら、継続的に最適化する](qb-" +"decision-cycle)ことで、最良の結果を得ることができるのです。" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:16 msgid "" "The resources linked in this guide are designed to help a reader develop " -"skills in each or all of these areas, helping them get the most from " -"their microscopy data." -msgstr "" +"skills in each or all of these areas, helping them get the most from their " +"microscopy data." +msgstr "本ガイドにリンクされているリソースは、これらの分野のスキルを向上させ、顕微鏡データを最大限に活用できるように設計されています。" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:25 msgid "cycle" -msgstr "" +msgstr "サイクル" #: ../../QuantitativeBioimaging.md:25 msgid "" @@ -96,4 +104,6 @@ msgid "" "planning and performing quantitative bioimaging " "experiments_**](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002167)." msgstr "" - +"**定量的バイオイメージングにおける決定サイクル{cite}`Senft2023-zy`** Senft and Diaz-Rohrer et al, " +"[**_A biologist's guide to planning and performing quantitative bioimaging " +"experiments_**](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002167) より転載。" diff --git a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/bibliography.po b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/bibliography.po index 81bb1c090..47b281b4c 100644 --- a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/bibliography.po +++ b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/bibliography.po @@ -1,25 +1,26 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2023 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. -# FIRST AUTHOR , 2023. -# +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +# Translators: +# Beth Cimini, 2023 +# #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Python \n" +"Project-Id-Version: Python\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-05-02 14:28-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" -"Language: ja\n" -"Language-Team: ja \n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-02 18:49+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Beth Cimini, 2023\n" +"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/center-for-open-bioimage-analysis/teams/169123/ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Generated-By: Babel 2.12.1\n" +"Language: ja\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../bibliography.md:1 msgid "Bibliography" -msgstr "" - +msgstr "参考文献" diff --git a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/community_resources.po b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/community_resources.po index 6084b2fb8..92e706fd0 100644 --- a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/community_resources.po +++ b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/community_resources.po @@ -1,173 +1,186 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. -# Copyright (C) 2023 +# Copyright (C) 2024 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. -# FIRST AUTHOR , 2023. -# +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +# Translators: +# Beth Cimini, 2024 +# #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Python \n" +"Project-Id-Version: Python\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-05-02 14:28-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" -"Language: ja\n" -"Language-Team: ja \n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-03-29 09:37-0400\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-02 18:49+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Beth Cimini, 2024\n" +"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/center-for-open-bioimage-analysis/teams/169123/ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Generated-By: Babel 2.12.1\n" +"Language: ja\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../community_resources.md:1 msgid "Community resources" -msgstr "" +msgstr "地域資源" #: ../../community_resources.md:3 msgid "Below are globally and locally available community resources" -msgstr "" +msgstr "以下は、世界的および地域的に利用可能な地域資源である。" #: ../../community_resources.md:5 msgid "Global and online resources" -msgstr "" +msgstr "グローバル・リソースとオンライン・リソース" -#: ../../community_resources.md:12 ../../community_resources.md:35 +#: ../../community_resources.md:12 ../../community_resources.md:38 msgid "**Resource Name**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**リソース名" -#: ../../community_resources.md:13 ../../community_resources.md:36 +#: ../../community_resources.md:13 ../../community_resources.md:39 msgid "**Link**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**リンク" #: ../../community_resources.md:14 msgid "**Brief description**" -msgstr "" +msgstr "**簡単な説明" #: ../../community_resources.md:15 msgid "Global BioImaging" -msgstr "" +msgstr "グローバル・バイオイメージング" #: ../../community_resources.md:16 msgid "[link](https://globalbioimaging.org/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://globalbioimaging.org/)" #: ../../community_resources.md:17 msgid "" -"Training resources, working groups, recommendations for standardization " -"and research reproducibility for global bioimaging efforts" -msgstr "" +"Training resources, working groups, recommendations for standardization and " +"research reproducibility for global bioimaging efforts" +msgstr "トレーニングリソース、ワーキンググループ、グローバルなバイオイメージングの取り組みのための標準化と研究再現性のための提言" #: ../../community_resources.md:18 -msgid "Microforum" -msgstr "" +msgid "GloBIAS" +msgstr "グローバイアス" #: ../../community_resources.md:19 -msgid "[link](https://forum.microlist.org/)" -msgstr "" +msgid "[link](https://www.globias.org/home)" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.globias.org/home)" #: ../../community_resources.md:20 -msgid "Discussion forum for bioimaging sample preparation and acquisition" -msgstr "" +msgid "Connections, training, and more for bioimage analysts across the world" +msgstr "世界中のバイオイメージアナリストのためのコネクション、トレーニングなど" #: ../../community_resources.md:21 -msgid "Scientific Community Image Forum (Image . sc)" -msgstr "" +msgid "Microforum" +msgstr "マイクロフォーラム" #: ../../community_resources.md:22 -msgid "[link](https://forum.image.sc/)" -msgstr "" +msgid "[link](https://forum.microlist.org/)" +msgstr "[リンク](https://forum.microlist.org/)" #: ../../community_resources.md:23 -msgid "Discussion forum for bioimage analysis software {cite}`Rueden2019-qp`" -msgstr "" +msgid "Discussion forum for bioimaging sample preparation and acquisition" +msgstr "バイオイメージング試料の調製と取得に関するディスカッションフォーラム" #: ../../community_resources.md:24 -msgid "HMS Nikon Imaging Center \"Favorite References\"" -msgstr "" +msgid "Scientific Community Image Forum (Image . sc)" +msgstr "科学コミュニティ・イメージフォーラム（Image .）" #: ../../community_resources.md:25 -msgid "[link](https://nic.med.harvard.edu/fav_references/)" -msgstr "" +msgid "[link](https://forum.image.sc/)" +msgstr "[リンク](https://forum.image.sc/)" #: ../../community_resources.md:26 -msgid "" -"A curated list of references related to many aspects of microscopy and " -"image analysis" -msgstr "" +msgid "Discussion forum for bioimage analysis software {cite}`Rueden2019-qp`" +msgstr "バイオ画像解析ソフトウェアに関するディスカッションフォーラム{cite}`Rueden2019-qp`" + +#: ../../community_resources.md:27 +msgid "HMS Nikon Imaging Center \"Favorite References\"" +msgstr "HMSニコンイメージングセンター \"お気に入り文献\"" + +#: ../../community_resources.md:28 +msgid "[link](https://nic.med.harvard.edu/fav_references/)" +msgstr "[リンク](https://nic.med.harvard.edu/fav_references/)" #: ../../community_resources.md:29 +msgid "" +"A curated list of references related to many aspects of microscopy and image" +" analysis" +msgstr "顕微鏡と画像解析の様々な側面に関連する参考文献のリスト。" + +#: ../../community_resources.md:32 msgid "Local resources" -msgstr "" +msgstr "地域資源" -#: ../../community_resources.md:37 +#: ../../community_resources.md:40 msgid "BioImaging North America (BINA)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "バイオイメージング・ノースアメリカ（BINA）" -#: ../../community_resources.md:38 +#: ../../community_resources.md:41 msgid "[link](https://www.bioimagingnorthamerica.org/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.bioimagingnorthamerica.org/)" -#: ../../community_resources.md:39 +#: ../../community_resources.md:42 msgid "Latin America BioImaging" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ラテンアメリカ バイオイメージング" -#: ../../community_resources.md:40 +#: ../../community_resources.md:43 msgid "[link](https://www.latambioimaging.org/ )" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.latambioimaging.org/ )" -#: ../../community_resources.md:41 +#: ../../community_resources.md:44 msgid "African BioImaging Consortium" -msgstr "" +msgstr "アフリカ・バイオイメージング・コンソーシアム" -#: ../../community_resources.md:42 +#: ../../community_resources.md:45 msgid "[link](https://www.africanbioimaging.org/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.africanbioimaging.org/)" -#: ../../community_resources.md:43 +#: ../../community_resources.md:46 msgid "South Africa BioImaging" -msgstr "" +msgstr "南アフリカ バイオイメージング" -#: ../../community_resources.md:44 +#: ../../community_resources.md:47 msgid "[link](https://www.sabioimaging.org/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.sabioimaging.org/)" -#: ../../community_resources.md:45 +#: ../../community_resources.md:48 msgid "Euro-bioimaging" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ユーロバイオイメージング" -#: ../../community_resources.md:46 +#: ../../community_resources.md:49 msgid "[link](https://www.eurobioimaging.eu/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.eurobioimaging.eu/)" -#: ../../community_resources.md:47 +#: ../../community_resources.md:50 msgid "Advanced BioImaging support (Japan)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "アドバンスバイオイメージングサポート（日本）" -#: ../../community_resources.md:48 +#: ../../community_resources.md:51 msgid "[link](https://www.nibb.ac.jp/abis/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.nibb.ac.jp/abis/)" -#: ../../community_resources.md:49 +#: ../../community_resources.md:52 msgid "Microscopy Australia" -msgstr "" +msgstr "顕微鏡検査 オーストラリア" -#: ../../community_resources.md:50 +#: ../../community_resources.md:53 msgid "[link](https://micro.org.au/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://micro.org.au/)" -#: ../../community_resources.md:51 +#: ../../community_resources.md:54 msgid "Canada BioImaging" -msgstr "" +msgstr "カナダ バイオイメージング" -#: ../../community_resources.md:52 +#: ../../community_resources.md:55 msgid "[link](https://www.canadabioimaging.org/)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.canadabioimaging.org/)" -#: ../../community_resources.md:53 +#: ../../community_resources.md:56 msgid "Singapore Microscopy Infrastructure Network" -msgstr "" +msgstr "シンガポール顕微鏡インフラネットワーク" -#: ../../community_resources.md:54 +#: ../../community_resources.md:57 msgid "[link](https://www.singascope.sg/)" -msgstr "" - +msgstr "[リンク](https://www.singascope.sg/)" diff --git a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/contributors.po b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/contributors.po index 20db997b7..e88baa3eb 100644 --- a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/contributors.po +++ b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/contributors.po @@ -1,104 +1,154 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. -# Copyright (C) 2023 +# Copyright (C) 2024 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. -# FIRST AUTHOR , 2023. -# +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +# Translators: +# Beth Cimini, 2024 +# #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Python \n" +"Project-Id-Version: Python\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-10-13 18:46-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" -"Language: ja\n" -"Language-Team: ja \n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-03-29 15:22+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-02 18:49+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Beth Cimini, 2024\n" +"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/center-for-open-bioimage-analysis/teams/169123/ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Generated-By: Babel 2.12.1\n" +"Language: ja\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../contributors.md:1 msgid "Contributing to this guide" -msgstr "" +msgstr "このガイドへの貢献" #: ../../contributors.md:3 msgid "Contributors" -msgstr "" +msgstr "投稿者" #: ../../contributors.md:5 msgid "" -"The original material for this book was created as part of the paper " -"\"[**_A biologist’s guide to planning and performing quantitative " -"bioimaging " +"The original material for this book was created as part of the paper \"[**_A" +" biologist’s guide to planning and performing quantitative bioimaging " "experiments_**](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002167)\" " "{cite}`Senft2023-zy`. by Rebecca A. Senft*, Barbara Diaz-Rohrer*, Pina " "Colarusso, Lucy Swift, Nasim Jamali, Helena Jambor, Thomas Pengo, Craig " -"Brideau, Paula Montero Llopis, Virginie Uhlmann, Jason Kirk, Kevin Andrew" -" Gonzales, Peter Bankhead, Edward L. Evans III, Kevin W Eliceiri and Beth" -" A. Cimini." +"Brideau, Paula Montero Llopis, Virginie Uhlmann, Jason Kirk, Kevin Andrew " +"Gonzales, Peter Bankhead, Edward L. Evans III, Kevin W Eliceiri and Beth A. " +"Cimini." msgstr "" +"本書の原本は、論文\"[**_A biologist's guide to planning and performing quantitative " +"bioimaging experiments_**](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002167) " +"\"の一部として作成された。{cite}Rebecca A. Senft*、Barbara Diaz-Rohrer*、Pina " +"Colarusso、Lucy Swift、Nasim Jamali、Helena Jambor、Thomas Pengo、Craig " +"Brideau、Paula Montero Llopis、Virginie Uhlmann、Jason Kirk、Kevin Andrew " +"Gonzales、Peter Bankhead、Edward L. Evans III、Kevin W Eliceiri、Beth A. Cimini " +"著。" #: ../../contributors.md:7 msgid "" +"This project was initiated by the [Center for Open Bioimage " +"Analysis](https://openbioimageanalysis.org/) .We are grateful to [Bioimaging" +" North America](https://www.bioimagingnorthamerica.org/) (especially its " +"[Image Informatics](https://www.bioimagingnorthamerica.org/image-" +"informatics-wg/) and [Training and " +"Education](https://www.bioimagingnorthamerica.org/te-wg/) Working Groups) " +"for both initial and ongoing support of this project." +msgstr "" +"このプロジェクトは、[Center for Open Bioimage " +"Analysis](https://openbioimageanalysis.org/) によって開始されました。[Bioimaging North " +"America](https://www.bioimagingnorthamerica.org/) に感謝します (特に " +"[画像[情報学](https://www.bioimagingnorthamerica.org/image-informatics-wg/) および " +"[トレーニングと教育](https://www.bioimagingnorthamerica.org/te-wg/) ワーキング グループ) " +"の初期および継続中このプロジェクトのサポート。" + +#: ../../contributors.md:9 +msgid "" "Since this guide has become available, we gratefully acknowledge " "contributions from the following members of the microscopy and bioimage " "analysis community!" -msgstr "" +msgstr "このガイドブックが利用できるようになって以来、顕微鏡およびバイオイメージ解析コミュニティの以下のメンバーからの貢献に感謝いたします！" -#: ../../contributors.md:8 +#: ../../contributors.md:10 msgid "William Giang" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ウィリアム・ジアン" -#: ../../contributors.md:9 +#: ../../contributors.md:11 msgid "Robert Haase" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ロバート・ハーゼ" -#: ../../contributors.md:11 +#: ../../contributors.md:13 +msgid "" +"Improvements to the build and maintenance system for this book have come " +"from" +msgstr "この本のビルドおよびメンテナンス システムの改善は次のとおりです。" + +#: ../../contributors.md:14 +msgid "Pete Bankhead" +msgstr "ピート・バンクヘッド" + +#: ../../contributors.md:16 msgid "How can I become a contributor?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "どうすれば貢献者になれますか？" -#: ../../contributors.md:13 +#: ../../contributors.md:18 msgid "" "Please feel free to open an " "[issue](https://github.com/broadinstitute/MicroscopyForBeginnersReferenceGuide/issues)" " or pull request to contribute! We hope for this to be a living document " "reflecting the best practices and resources available." msgstr "" +"貢献するために[issue](https://github.com/broadinstitute/MicroscopyForBeginnersReferenceGuide/issues)やプルリクエストを気軽に開いてください！私たちは、これがベストプラクティスと利用可能なリソースを反映した生きたドキュメントになることを願っています。" -#: ../../contributors.md:15 +#: ../../contributors.md:20 msgid "" "We currently also offer a [Google " "Form](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScWQbemviI2OkvVkeTKUOozAzKNndcZpXIB_nE0qFMl72lqvQ/viewform)" -" for contributions, though note these may be responded to more slowly " -"than direct contributions to the GitHub repository." +" for contributions, though note these may be responded to more slowly than " +"direct contributions to the GitHub repository." msgstr "" +"現在のところ、[Google " +"Form](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScWQbemviI2OkvVkeTKUOozAzKNndcZpXIB_nE0qFMl72lqvQ/viewform)での投稿も受け付けていますが、GitHubリポジトリへの直接の投稿よりも対応が遅くなる可能性があることに注意してください。" -#: ../../contributors.md:18 +#: ../../contributors.md:23 msgid "Translation" -msgstr "" +msgstr "翻訳" -#: ../../contributors.md:20 +#: ../../contributors.md:25 msgid "" "This guide is available in [English](https://www.bioimagingguide.org) as " -"well as [Czech](https://cs.bioimagingguide.org)." +"well as [Czech](https://cs.bioimagingguide.org), " +"[Portuguese](https://pt.bioimagingguide.org), and " +"[Spanish](https://es.bioimagingguide.org)." msgstr "" +"このガイドは、[英語](https://www.bioimagingguide.org)、[チェコ語](https://cs.bioimagingguide.org)、[ポルトガル語](https://pt.bioimagingguide.org)でも利用できます。" +" )、および[スペイン語](https://es.bioimagingguide.org)。" -#: ../../contributors.md:22 +#: ../../contributors.md:27 msgid "" -"Work is underway to translate this guide into other languages - " -"translation is planned or has begun in French, Spanish, Portuguese, " -"German, Finnish, and Polish. To help translate into one of these " -"languages, or another language not listed here, please contact bcimini AT" -" broadinstitute DOT org." +"Work is underway to translate this guide into other languages - translation " +"is planned or has begun in French, German, Finnish, Italian, Japanese, " +"Polish, and Farsi. To help translate into one of these languages, or another" +" language not listed here, please contact bcimini AT broadinstitute DOT org." msgstr "" +"このガイドを他の言語に翻訳する作業が進行中です。フランス語、ドイツ語、フィンランド語、イタリア語、日本語、ポーランド語、ペルシャ語での翻訳が計画されているか、開始されています。これらの言語のいずれか、またはここにリストされていない別の言語への翻訳をサポートするには、bcimini" +" ATroadinstitute DOT org にお問い合わせください。" -#: ../../contributors.md:24 +#: ../../contributors.md:29 msgid "Translations are gratefully acknowledged from:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "翻訳に感謝する：" -#: ../../contributors.md:26 +#: ../../contributors.md:31 msgid "Czech : Martin Schätz" -msgstr "" +msgstr "チェコ語 ：マルティン・シェッツ" + +#: ../../contributors.md:32 +msgid "Portuguese: Mario Costa Cruz" +msgstr "ポルトガル語マリオ・コスタ・クルス" +#: ../../contributors.md:33 +msgid "Spanish: Mariana De Niz" +msgstr "スペイン語: マリアナ・デ・ニズ" diff --git a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/genindex.po b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/genindex.po index 930fd22a8..a0be558b0 100644 --- a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/genindex.po +++ b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/genindex.po @@ -1,25 +1,26 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2023 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. -# FIRST AUTHOR , 2023. -# +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +# Translators: +# Beth Cimini, 2023 +# #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Python \n" +"Project-Id-Version: Python\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-05-02 14:28-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" -"Language: ja\n" -"Language-Team: ja \n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-02 18:49+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Beth Cimini, 2023\n" +"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/center-for-open-bioimage-analysis/teams/169123/ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Generated-By: Babel 2.12.1\n" +"Language: ja\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../genindex.md:1 msgid "Index" -msgstr "" - +msgstr "インデックス" diff --git a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/welcome.po b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/welcome.po index 729d61ab9..0df73322a 100644 --- a/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/welcome.po +++ b/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/welcome.po @@ -1,105 +1,118 @@ # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2023 # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. -# FIRST AUTHOR , 2023. -# +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +# Translators: +# Beth Cimini, 2023 +# Haruhiko Morita, 2023 +# #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Python \n" +"Project-Id-Version: Python\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-06-28 07:29-0400\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" -"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" -"Language: ja\n" -"Language-Team: ja \n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-02 18:49+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Haruhiko Morita, 2023\n" +"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/center-for-open-bioimage-analysis/teams/169123/ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" -"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Generated-By: Babel 2.12.1\n" +"Language: ja\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../welcome.md:1 msgid "Sample Preparation" -msgstr "" +msgstr "サンプルの準備" #: ../../welcome.md:1 msgid "Sample Acquisition" -msgstr "" +msgstr "サンプルの撮影" #: ../../welcome.md:1 msgid "Image Analysis and Data Handling" -msgstr "" +msgstr "画像解析とデータ処理" #: ../../welcome.md:1 msgid "Data Interpretation" -msgstr "" +msgstr "データの解釈" #: ../../welcome.md:1 msgid "Additional Resources" -msgstr "" +msgstr "関連文献" #: ../../welcome.md:1 msgid "Welcome" -msgstr "" +msgstr "ようこそ" #: ../../welcome.md:3 msgid "Welcome to the world of bioimaging and bioimage analysis! 🎉" -msgstr "" +msgstr "バイオイメージングとバイオ画像解析の世界へようこそ！🎉" #: ../../welcome.md:11 msgid "BBBC image montage" -msgstr "" +msgstr "BBBCイメージ・モンタージュ" #: ../../welcome.md:11 msgid "" "**Montage of fluorescence microscopy images from " "[BBBC](https://bbbc.broadinstitute.org/) {cite}`Ljosa2012-fr` (Broad " -"Institute).** Images shown are from experiments BBBC007, BBBC008, " -"BBBC034, BBBC038, BBBC039, and BBBC020 from left to right, top to bottom." +"Institute).** Images shown are from experiments BBBC007, BBBC008, BBBC034, " +"BBBC038, BBBC039, and BBBC020 from left to right, top to bottom." msgstr "" +"**[BBBC](https://bbbc.broadinstitute.org/){cite}`Ljosa2012-fr` (Broad " +"Institute)に含まれる蛍光顕微鏡画像。** " +"画像は左上からBBBC007、BBBC008、BBBC034、BBBC038、BBBC039、BBBC020の実験によるもの。" #: ../../welcome.md:13 msgid "What is this book?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "この本について" #: ../../welcome.md:15 msgid "" -"This book is a companion website to our paper \"[**_A biologist’s guide " -"to planning and performing quantitative bioimaging " +"This book is a companion website to our paper \"[**_A biologist’s guide to " +"planning and performing quantitative bioimaging " "experiments_**](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002167)\" " -"{cite}`Senft2023-zy`. Our goal is to provide recommendations and a " -"curated set of resources for biologists looking to understand the factors" -" that impact their fluorescence microscopy experiments." +"{cite}`Senft2023-zy`. Our goal is to provide recommendations and a curated " +"set of resources for biologists looking to understand the factors that " +"impact their fluorescence microscopy experiments." msgstr "" +"この本は我々の論文\"[**_A biologist’s guide to planning and performing quantitative " +"bioimaging experiments_**](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002167)\" " +"{cite}`Senft2023-zy`に付随するものです。この本の目的は、蛍光顕微鏡の実験に影響する要因を理解したい生物学者に向けて、推奨事項と厳選された資料を提供することです。" #: ../../welcome.md:17 msgid "" -"This book is a collaborative effort from experts in biology, imaging, " -"image analysis, and data management, interpretation, and presentation. " -"Our tips and recommendations come from real experiences training and " -"working with biologists who are beginners to bioimaging and bioimage " -"analysis. When starting out in a new field, you often don't know what you" -" don't know. Here we provide context, tips for avoiding common beginner " -"errors, and a focused list of high-quality, open source resources (full " -"list available [here](bibliography)). We use icons to indicate the type " -"of resource:" +"This book is a collaborative effort from experts in biology, imaging, image " +"analysis, and data management, interpretation, and presentation. Our tips " +"and recommendations come from real experiences training and working with " +"biologists who are beginners to bioimaging and bioimage analysis. When " +"starting out in a new field, you often don't know what you don't know. Here " +"we provide context, tips for avoiding common beginner errors, and a focused " +"list of high-quality, open source resources (full list available " +"[here](bibliography)). We use icons to indicate the type of resource:" msgstr "" +"この本は、生物学、イメージング、イメージング解析、データ管理・解釈、プレゼンテーションの専門家の共同作業の成果です。この本のヒントや推奨事項は、実際にバイオイメージングやバイオ画像解析の初心者である生物学者をトレーニングしたり、一緒に働いたりした体験から得られたものです。初心者のうちは「何がわからないのかさえわからない」ということがよくあります。ここでは、初心者にありがちなミスを避けるための背景知識やヒント、そして厳選した質の高いオープンソースの資料を紹介します（全リストは[こちら](bibliography)）。資料の種類を示すために以下のアイコンを使います：" #: ../../welcome.md:39 msgid "What **isn't** this book?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "この本で**扱わない**こと" #: ../../welcome.md:41 msgid "" -"This book is **not** meant to be an exhaustive list of all resources. " -"Many others have curated excellent such resources(see " +"This book is **not** meant to be an exhaustive list of all resources. Many " +"others have curated excellent such resources(see " "[here](https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/1873-3468.14451) " -"{cite}`Haase2022-ad` and [here](https://www.bioimagingnorthamerica.org" -"/training-education-resources/) and [here](https://biii.eu/) {cite}`Paul-" -"Gilloteaux2021-vw`). Our goal is to create a more streamlined, beginner-" -"accessible guide." +"{cite}`Haase2022-ad` and " +"[here](https://www.bioimagingnorthamerica.org/training-education-resources/)" +" and [here](https://biii.eu/) {cite}`Paul-Gilloteaux2021-vw`). Our goal is " +"to create a more streamlined, beginner-accessible guide." msgstr "" +"本書は、すべての資料を網羅的にリストアップしたものではありません。そのような素晴らしい資料はたくさんあります。（[こちら](https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/1873-3468.14451){cite}`Haase2022-ad`" +" や [こちら](https://www.bioimagingnorthamerica.org/training-education-" +"resources/) 、 [こちら](https://biii.eu/){cite}`Paul-Gilloteaux2021-vw` " +"をご覧ください）。私たちの目標は、より簡潔で初心者に優しいガイドを作成することです。" #: ../../welcome.md:42 msgid "" @@ -108,54 +121,56 @@ msgid "" "interpretation are massive topics that we can't exhaustively cover in a " "guide for beginners." msgstr "" +"本書はプロトコルやステップ・バイ・ステップのガイドブックではありません。バイオ画像解析はサンプルの準備からデータの解釈に至るまでのステップ一つ一つが膨大な内容を含みます。本書は初心者向けのガイドである以上、そのすべてはカバーしていません。" #: ../../welcome.md:45 msgid "How to use this book:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "この本の使い方" #: ../../welcome.md:46 msgid "" "Please select a section using the navigation panel on the left to get " "started or begin with sample preparation by clicking the \"Next\" button " "below ↘️." -msgstr "" +msgstr "左側のナビゲーションパネルでセクションを選択するか、↘️ の下にある「次へ」ボタンをクリックして「サンプルの準備」に進んでください。" #: ../../welcome.md:48 msgid "" -"Most sections will guide you through individual subtopics using some or " -"all of the following list of questions:" -msgstr "" +"Most sections will guide you through individual subtopics using some or all " +"of the following list of questions:" +msgstr "ほとんどのセクションで、以下のQ&Aを使って説明します：" #: ../../welcome.md:49 msgid "What is it?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "これは何ですか？" #: ../../welcome.md:50 msgid "What are my options?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "どのような選択肢がありますか？" #: ../../welcome.md:51 msgid "How do I do it?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "どうすればいいですか？" #: ../../welcome.md:52 msgid "Where can things go wrong?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "どこでつまずきますか？" #: ../../welcome.md:53 msgid "Where can I learn more? (links to resources)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "もっと詳しく(関連資料へのリンク)" #: ../../welcome.md:55 msgid "" -"Which questions are used and the exact phrasing may vary by section, but " -"we hope this structure helps guide users to a deeper understanding of " -"each subtopic." +"Which questions are used and the exact phrasing may vary by section, but we " +"hope this structure helps guide users to a deeper understanding of each " +"subtopic." msgstr "" +"どの質問を使うか、また正確な言い回しはセクションによって異なる可能性がありますが、この構成が各トピックをより深く理解するための道しるべとなれば幸いです。" #: ../../welcome.md:57 msgid "What if my resource/topic is not included?" -msgstr "" +msgstr "私のリソース/トピックがない時はどうすればいいですか？" #: ../../welcome.md:58 msgid "" @@ -164,4 +179,4 @@ msgid "" " or pull request to contribute! We hope for this to be a living document " "reflecting the best practices and resources available." msgstr "" - +"[issue](https://github.com/broadinstitute/MicroscopyForBeginnersReferenceGuide/issues)やプルリクエストを気軽に開いてください！この本がベストプラクティスと利用可能なリソースを反映して、「生きた」ドキュメントになることを願っています。"